虚拟语气15种句型.ppt

SubjunctiveMood 含义 动词形式 与事实相反 If从句 过去 现在 将来 主句 did were had done did were wereto do should do would should could might do would should could might havedone 1 虚拟条件句 3 4 1Ifsomeonegaveyouavaluablepaintingasapresent whatwouldyoudowithit 2IfyoubecametheheadoftheUnitedNations whatwouldyoudofirst 3Ifyoutravelledanywhereintheworld wherewouldyougoandwhatwouldyoudo thepresent 5 4 1Ifsomeonehadgivenyouavaluablepaintingasapresent whatwouldyouhavedonewithit 2IfyouhadbecometheheadoftheUnitedNations whatwouldyouhavedonefirst 3Ifyouhadtravelledanywhereintheworld wherewouldyouhavegoneandwhatwouldyouhavedone thepast 5 1Ifsomeonegaveyouavaluablepaintingasapresent whatwouldyoudowithit 2IfyouweretobecometheheadoftheUnitedNations whatwouldyoudofirst 3Ifyoushouldtravelanywhereintheworld wherewouldyougoandwhatwouldyoudo thefuture 5 省略if的倒装句 e g 1 Iftheywerehere theywouldhelpus 如果从句中有were should had等词 可省略if 并把were should had放句首进行倒装 2 Ifyouhadcomeearlier nothingwouldhavehappened Weretheyhere theywouldhelpus Hadyoucomeearlier nothingwouldhavehappened 3 Iftheyshouldbeheretomorrow theywouldhelpus Shouldtheybeheretomorrow theywouldhelpus 省略if的倒装句 注意 1条件句中必须有should were或者had才能省略 2倒装之后用一般疑问句来检验 假如他那是时不是个党员 他就不会就那个男孩了 用省略if的倒装句 HadhenotbeenaPartymember hewouldn thavesavedtheboy 3否定词not只能留在助于后面 不能移到主语前面 含蓄条件句的虚拟语气 假设情况不以if条件句表现出来 而是通过某个介词或介词短语 不定式表现出来 如without butfor but otherwise because or等 含蓄条件句的虚拟语气 IfIhadnotlostherphonenumber Iwouldhaverungherup 用otherwise but和or分别造句 Ilostherphonenumber Otherwise Iwouldhaverungherup IwouldhaverungherupbutIlostherphonenumber IlostherphonenumberorIwouldhaverungherup 含蓄条件句的虚拟语气 要不是有 butfor without ifitwerenotfor ifithadnotbeenfor Ifyouhadnothelpedme Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool Without butforyourhelp Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool 含蓄条件句的虚拟语气 Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool Butforyourhelp Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool Ifitwerenotforhispresencenow Iwouldpunishyou Butforhispresence Iwouldpunishyou Ifithadnotbeenforhispresenceyesterday Iwouldhavepunishedyou Butforhispresenceyesterday Iwouldhavepunishedyou 错综条件句是指条件从句中的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致 动词的虚拟形式要根据时间做出相应的调整 e g Ifshehadn tstudiedhard shewouldn tspeakEnglishsowell Ifhe hislegsyesterday he withusnow A hadn thurt wouldgoB hadn thurt wouldhavegoneC didn thurt wouldgoD didn thurt wouldhavegone 错综时间条件句 17 19 21 含义 动词形式 例句 Iwishyouhadtoldmeearlier Did were Haddone 对现状表达愿望 would could might do 对过去表示遗憾 后悔 对将来表达愿望 IwishIhadalittlelabofmyown Iwishhecouldcometomorrow 2 wish后的宾语从句 ifonly 注意 1wish后面跟的宾语从句一定要用虚拟语气 2hope没有虚拟语气可以说hopethat hopetodo 但是不能说hopesbtodo3以下情况是可以实现的 wishsbtodo wishsbsthIwishyoutobeascientist WewishyouamerryChristmas 含义 动词形式 例句 Itappearedasifnothinghadhappened Did were Havedone 现在 would could might do 过去 将来 Helooksasifheknewthelittlegirl Themanlookedworried asifsomethingbadwouldhappen 3 asif asthough后的表语或状语从句 与wish相同 含义 动词形式 例句 did Haddone 现在 过去 将来 Iwouldratherhetookmeoverthecrossing Iwouldratheryouhadn ttoldmethetruth 4 wouldrather后的宾语从句 宁愿 5 动词形式为 should do的虚拟 表示命令 建议 要求的词所带的从句记住以下动词以及他们的名词 建议 suggest recommand advise propose要求 require request demand ask desire命令 order command 坚持 insist不过是动词还是名词 不过是主动还是被动 后面带的不管是主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句还是同位语从句 都要用shoulddo 5 动词形式为 should do的虚拟 Mysuggestionisthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirst ItissuggestedthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirstMysuggestionthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirstisbeingdiscussed 注意当insist 硬说 suggest 表明 不能有虚拟语气 5 动词形式为 should do的虚拟 2 It s adj that的主语从句 adj necessary essential important natural strange possible impossible eg Itisimportantthatweshouldattendthemeeting It sapitythat可以用虚拟 也可以不用 3 It s high about time that从句 sbshoulddo sbdid 该是做 时候 eg Itistimethatweshouldstopworkandgohome Itistimethatwestoppedworkandwenthome 注意 should不能省略 动词也可用过去式 6 虚拟语气表示祝愿LongliveChairmanMao Godblessyou Mayyouhavealongandhappylife Wishyouahappybirthday 注意 动词用原形 后边用 may 人 do wish 人 名词 7 其他句型 Hadthought hoped expectedthat 过去时间Ihadhopedthatyoucouldwinthematchyesterdaybutyoudidn t 对过去的猜测肯定musthavedone否定can couldnothavedone可能may mighthavedone 本应该做 实际没有做 有责备意思 ShouldhavedoneShouldn thavedone本来有必要作 实际没有做 不含责备意思 NeedhavedoneNeedn thavedone Practice 1 IfI know heraddress Iwouldwritetoher 2 Whatwouldyouhavedoneifyou miss thetrain 3 Ifhe notbeill hewouldhavedonesomething 4 Ifit snow tomorrow we getup early 5 Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday you know whattodonow knew hadmissed hadnotbeenill wereto shouldsnow snowed shouldgetup wouldknow snows willgetup 18 判断以下句子是不是正确的虚拟语气 Ifwecouldfinishourworkearlierweshallgotothecinema 2 Thedoctorsuggeststhatshewillnotsmoke 3 Iwishthatitistrue 4 Hadyouputonmoreclothes youwouldnotcatchacold shall改成should willnot改成 should not is改成were wouldnotcatch改成wouldnothavecaught Translation1用if条件句 如果他现在知道这消息 他就会合我争吵的 事实上 他现在不知道这消息 假如他过去读过这本小说 他早就讲给我们听这个故事了 假如他明天来这里 他就会帮助我们了 事实上 他明天不来 用三种形式 Ifheknewthenewsnow hewouldquarrelwithme Ifhehadreadthenovel hewouldhavetoldusthatstory Ifhecameheretomorrow hewouldhelpus Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow he Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow he Translation2Iwish ifonly 要是他昨天已来这里就好了 但愿他昨天已来这里 要是他现在已在这里就好了 但愿他现在已在这里 要是他明天会来这里就好了 但愿他明天会来这里 Iwishthathehadcomehereyesterday Ifonlyhehadcomehereyesterday Iwishthathewereherenow Ifonlyhewereherenow Iwishthathewouldcomeheretomorrow Ifonlyhewouldcomeheretomorrow Translation3用if条件句的省略式 假如他过去读过这本小说 他早就讲给我们听这个故事了 假如他明天来这里 他就会帮助我们了 他明天不来 用两种形式 Hadhereadthenovel hewouldhavetoldusthatstory Shouldhecomeheretomorrow hewouldhelpus Werehetocomeheretomorrow hewouldhelpus Translation4 含蓄条件句 假如没有水和空气 人类就不可能生存 without 要不是有有你的帮助 我昨天就不能完成这项工作 造两句 一句用butfor 另一句if条件句 错综时间条件句 假如你中午吃过饭 你现在就不会那么饿 Withoutwaterorair mancouldn tlive Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedtheworkyesterday Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedtheworkyesterday Ifyouhadeatenlunch youwouldn tbesohungrynow Translation5 他现在走得很慢 好像生病似的 asif 他那时走得很慢 好像生病似的 as