高考英语作文应用文写作技巧ppt课件.pptx

高考书面表达专题 之应用文 文体解读 在日常生活 学习 工作中 个人与个人交往 个人与集体交往 集体与集体交往都需要用文字交流 这种文章就被称为应用文 应用文是一种常见文体 具有很强的实用性 近些年高考题对考生在应用文方面的写作要求相当普遍 命题形式多为文字提示 写作形式主要有书信 电子邮件 日记 通知 演讲稿 发言稿 便条等 一书信 六句口诀 开门见山说意图信息要点覆盖到举一反三讲细节语言正式词多变感谢客气不能少期待回信成老套注 首段表明写作目的中间扩展内容 注意读信人的感受 末段表明礼貌 并说出自己的期望 Class4Senior BaodingNo 1HighSchoolHebei ChinaMay4th 2011TomBlackPaceMiddleSchoolNewYork NY10038U S ADearTom GladtoreceiveyourletterofDecember1 Bestregardstoyourparents Yourssincerely ZhangHong 写信人地址 写信日期 收信人地址 称呼 正文 结束语 谦称 签名 书信的开头和结尾可使用的基本用语常用开头语I mveryglad happy pleasedtoreceiveyourletterof I mgladtoreceiveyourletterdatedon Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies I dlovetocome butIcan tbecause I mreallysorrytosay 结尾I mlookingforwardtoreceiving longingtoreceive yourreply Allmybestwishestoyou Remembermeto Goodlucktoyou Thankyouagain 书信 电子邮件 2005 假定你是李华 正在英国牛津参加短期语言培训 计划星期天去伦敦旅游 互联网上一则广告引起了你的注意 但一些具体信息不明确 箭头所指内容 请给该旅行社发一封电子邮件 询问有关情况 注意 1 词数100左右 信的格式已为你写好 2 可根据内容要点适当增加细节 以使行文连贯 3 参考词汇 牛津 Oxford费用 fee 内容要点 开头 是否有学生特价 票价包含的项目 是否有午餐 返回时间 是否有购物时间 DearSir MadameI mwritingformoreinformationaboutthedaytourtoLondon AsastudentatOxfordUniversity I dliketoknowifyouhaveanyspecialpriceforstudents Asforthemoneyyoucharge doesitcovertheentrancefeesforvisitingtheplaceslisted Whataboutlunch Isitincluded OrdoIneedtobringalongmyownfood Howlongwillthetourlast SinceIneedtopreparemylessonsforthenextday I dliketoknowthetimetoreturn Besides isthereanytimeforshopping IreallywanttohavealookatthebigstoresinLondon 自荐信 申请信 求职信 写作要点 介绍消息来源 表明感兴趣 说明优势 请求答复联系 表明感激之情 开头1 I dliketoapplyforthejob post positionadvertisedin 2 Havingknownthatyouneed arelookingfora I mwritingtoapplyfortheposition Iwouldliketoapplyfortheposition 3 Ihavelearnedfromyouradvertisementthatyouareinneedofa 4 I mwritingtoexpressmyinterestinyourrecentlyadvertisedpositionfora 结尾1 Ishallbemuchobligedifyouwilloffermeanopportunityforaninterview 2 PleaseconsidermyrequestandI mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply 3 IwouldgreatlyappreciateitifIcouldhavethechance IunderstandthatIhavethequalificationsandexperiencethatyouneedforthepersonnelinyourcompany Iwouldbegratefulifyouwouldconsideremployingmeinyourcompany 表示信心 能力 兴趣或承诺Ihaveexcellentqualificationsforthisposition I msurethatIcandoagoodjobinyourcompany I mfit suitablefortheposition Iwillsparenoefforttodothejobwell Ipromisetoofferthebestservice 年龄学习情况及英语水平学历兴趣和特长性格特点 善于交往 乐于助人 合作精神 自荐信 申请信 求职信 Dearsir madam I mwritingthelettertoapplyforthepositionthatyouhaveadvertisedin消息来源 Asa an Ihavebeen Besides Iwon in Ifyouconsidermyapplication pleasecallmeat ThankyouforconsideringmyapplicationandI mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply Yourssincerely LiHua 2006全国卷III 假定你是李华 亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办 现在正在招募志愿者 你希望成为其中一员 请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信 内容应包括 1 个人情况 年龄 性别 学历 2 个人条件 英语好 爱好体育 善于交往 乐于助人 熟悉本地情况 3 承诺 提供最佳服务 注意 1 词数100左右 开头语已为你写好 2 可适当增加细节 以使行文连贯 3 生词 申请apply v application n 志愿者volunteer 真题回放 DearSir Madam MynameisLiHua IwouldliketoworkasavolunteerfortheWinterAsianGames Iamaboy girlof17andIamstudyingathighschoolnow IamgoodatEnglishandIcantalkwithforeigntouristsinEnglishfreely IbelieveIcandoagoodjobfortheGames First IlikesportsandIknowtheplaceverywell Second Igetalongwithotherseasily whichisespeciallyusefulforavolunteer Third I mreadytogivehelpwheneveritisneeded MypromiseistoofferthebestservicepossibletothepeopleattheGames Pleaseconsidermyrequest andI mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply Yoursfaithfully LiHua DearSir Madam MynameisLiHua IwouldliketoworkasavolunteerfortheWinterAsianGames Iamaboy girlof17andIamstudyingathighschoolnow IamgoodatEnglishandIcantalkwithforeigntouristsinEnglishfreely IbelieveIcandoagoodjobfortheGames First IlikesportsandIknowtheplaceverywell Second Igetalongwithotherseasily whichisespeciallyusefulforavolunteer Third I mreadytogivehelpwheneveritisneeded MypromiseistoofferthebestservicepossibletothepeopleattheGames Pleaseconsidermyrequest andI mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply Yoursfaithfully LiHua Iamaboy girlof17 studyingathighschoolnow I measytogetalongwith I mgoodatcommunicatingwithothers I mreadytohelpwhoeverneedshelp 假设你是新华大学的学生李华 得知某英文报招聘兼职记者 你有意应聘 请按下列要点给报社写一封自荐信 1 表示感兴趣 2 说明优势 知识面 英语水平 合作精神 相关经历 3 希望得到回复 DearSirorMadam I mastudentfromXinhuaUniversity Thankyouverymuch Yourssincerely LiHua DearSirorMadam I mastudentfromXinhuaUniversity I mgladtolearnthatyouwantafewpart timeEnglishreporters I mquiteinterestedinit IthinkI mfitforthejob Asastudent I vereadalotandhavemuchknowledgeinmanyfields I mfondofEnglishanddowellinbothspeakingandwriting Besides I measytogetalongwithandenjoyworkingtogetherwithothers Aboveall Ionceworkedasareporterformyschoolbroadcastingstation SoI msureIcandothejob I mlookingforwardtoanearlyreplyifpossible AndI dappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldcallmeaThankyouverymuch Yourssincerely LiHua DearSirorMadam I mastudentfromXinhuaUniversity I mgladtolearnthatyouwantafewpart timeEnglishreporters I mquiteinterestedinit IthinkI mfitforthejob Asastudent I vereadalotandhavemuchknowledgeinmanyfields I mfondofEnglishanddowellinbothspeakingandwriting Besides I measytogetalongwithandenjoyworkingtogetherwithothers Aboveall Ionceworkedasareporterformyschoolbroadcastingstation SoI msureIcandothejob I mlookingforwardtoanearlyreplyifpossible AndI dappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldcallmeaThankyouverymuch Yourssincerely LiHua DearSirorMadam I dliketoapplytobecomeanassistantinyourcompany IhavegraduatedfromHebeiUniversityofTechnologywithaMaster sdegreeinmechanicalengineeringthissummer Inthepastfewyears Ihavegotexperienceindesigningnewprojectsanddevelopedgoodprofessionalcompetenceinmysubjects Iworkedinmyholidaysforacompanythatdesignedenginesforjeeps Ihelpedthemdesignseveralpartsofthenewengine ItmademethinkIwouldliketoworkinarealinventor scompany IunderstandthatIhavethequalificationsandexperiencethatyouneedforthepersonnelinyourcompany Iwouldbegratefulifyouwouldconsideremployingmeinyourcompany Yourssincerely TomSmith 2011辽宁DearSir Madam IlearnedfromthenewspaperthatyourcompanyneedsanEnglishsecretary I mreallyinterestedinthispositionandhopeIcanworkforyou I m18yearsoldandwillbegraduatingfromXinxingForeignLanguagesSchoolthisJuly I manexcellentstudent amongthetop5inmyclassof50students I mgoodatEnglish especiallyspokenEnglish IoftenusethecomputerandItypeveryfast Inmysparetime Ireadalot Poemsaremyfavorite Ienjoymusicverymuchtoo Beinganactiveyoungperson Ilikesportsandoutdooractivities Besides I measytogetalongwithandIliketomakefriends I mlookingforwardtoyourreply Sincerelyyours LiHua 结构HelloYourssincerely truly 开门见山起到交际作用语言得体I mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudge Itwillbeagreathonorifyoucancome Wouldyoupleasesparesometimeforus Iwonderifitisconvenienttoyou 主被动 时态Thespeechcontestwillbeheld 介词运用Itwilllastfrom2 00pmto5 00pm onJune15thinClassroom501典型错误Chairman president head master Judge judgmentThereare10studentsmakespeecheswelcomesb todo优秀表达aroundthecorner onbehalfof deliverspeeches 邀请信 写作要点 邀请对象 活动内容 时间 地点 与该活动有关的注意事项 询问是否接受邀请 期待对方接受邀请 并可表示感谢 语言注意点 邀请信叙事 时间地点场合 一定要清楚 明白 如写给朋友 可选用活泼 真诚的言辞 如写给长辈 上级 名人等 语言则应正式 礼貌 开门见山 亮明身份 说明原因 起到交际应用作用 开头 I mwritingtoinviteyouto I dlikeyoutocometo MayIhavethehonorofyourcompanyat 结尾 Iwillfeelhonored gratefulifyoucancome Itwillbeagreathonorifyoucancome Iwonderifitisconvenienttoyou Wouldyoupleasesparesometimeforus Wesincerelyhopeyoucanattend Wearelookingforwardto Dear Howiseverythingwithyou I mwritingtotellyouthattherewillbea内容at in地点on时间 Wewouldbehonoredtohaveyoutherewithus Theoccasionwillstartat具体时间 Thiswillbefollowedbya进一步的安排 Ringmeupandtellmewhetheryouwillcomeornot willyou Ireallyhopeyoucanmakeit Myphonenumberis Lookingforwardto YourssincerelyLiHua 邀请信 2010全国 假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华 你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛 speechcontest 希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士来做评委 请参照以下比赛通知给她写一份信 英语演讲比赛主题 人与自然时间 6月15日下午2 00 5 00地点 501教室参赛选手 10名学生联系人 李华 电话44876655 欢迎大家光临 DearMs Smith I mLiHua ChairmanoftheStudentUnionofYucaiMiddleSchool whichisclosetoyouruniversity I mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldinourschoolonJune15 Itwillstartat2 00pminRoom501andlastforaboutthreehours Tenstudentswilldelivertheirspeechesonthegiventopic ManandNature Wehopethatyouwillacceptourinvitationifitisconvenientforyou Pleasecallmeat44876655ifyouhaveanyquestions Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply Withbestwishes YourssincerelyLiHua Directions YouwanttoinviteMr Williamstogivealectureon Americanliterature inyourcollege SupposedyouaretheassistantoftheEnglishdepartment writealetterandsay 1 thepurposeoftheinvitation 2 thetimeofthelecture Yourlettershouldbenolessthan100words Youdon tneedtowritetheaddress Don tsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter useLindainstead DearMr Williams IamwritingonbehalfoftheEnglishDepartmenttoinviteyoutogivealectureinourcollege WeknowthatyouareanexpertonAmericanliterature AsEnglishmajors ourstudentswouldliketoknowsomethingaboutAmericanliterature Wewouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldgiveatalkon ContemporaryAmericanLiterature tostudentsoftheEnglishDepartmentonSaturday June4 Ifthissubjectdoesnotsuityou anyothersimilartopicwouldbewelcomeaswell Wehavealreadyhadseveralveryinterestingtalksfromsomedistinguishedvisitorsfromvariouscountriesandwelookforwardearlytotheopportunitytobenefitfromyourexperienceandwisdom Yourstruly Linda 表达写信人对于某一种情况的不满意 商品质量问题 服务 所遇到的困扰等 向有关单位写信投诉 提出意见 用词较正规 无客套语 投诉信 首段 写作意图 投诉内容主体段落 展开说明投诉原因 重点 叙事应客观准确简洁 结尾段 紧迫性 提出解决方案 表达愿望 不需要展开 切实可行 此段应体现书信的礼貌原则 应当有类似 如你能 我将万分感激 的话语 在表达不满时 语言要把握分寸 不失风度 内容有理 批评有节 Dear I mwritingtoyouforsth totellyousthabout投诉的内容 简述导致矛盾的事件 表达本人曾做的努力 投诉原因一 Besides 投诉原因二 Tobefrank 客观的评论以示诚恳 Idohope Irequirethat表达本人期待的解决方案 Thankyouforyourtimeandkindconsideration Yourssincerely LiHua 投诉信 Complainabout Putupwith bear tolerate Awful poor terribleservice qualityGive bringmeagreatdealoftroubleOutofone sexpectationLookinto investigate Incident matterSolve settle dealwithBadmannersPreventtherecurrenceof stopsuchthingshappeninganymore 常用词汇 开头 1 I mwritingtomakeacomplaint complainabout that 2 I mwritingtoinformyouthatI mdissatisfiedwithyour informyouofmydissatisfactionwith 3 Iamwritingtoexpressmyconcern dissatisfaction disappointmentabout 4 I mwritingtocall drawyourattentiontosomeproblemsabout 5 Ifeelbad sorrytotroubleyoubutIamafraidIhavetomakeacomplaintabout 投诉信 结尾 1 Thankyouforyourkindconsideration 2 Yourattentiontothisletterwillbehighlyappreciated 3 Idohope requirethatyoucanconsidertheseproblemsandmakemoreimprovements 4 Iwouldappreciateit begrateful besatisfiedifyoucouldkindly 5 Itrustyouwilltakemycomplaintsseriouslyand 6 I dliketohavethismattersettledbytheendof within assoonaspossible 7 Inviewoftheinconveniencethatthishascaused Ifeelyoushould 8 Isincerelyhopesuchthingswillneverhappenagain 2008湖北 假设你是卜曼宜 你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机 因有质量问题 要求该公司更换 请根据下列要点 用英文写一封电子邮件 1 问题 手机不响铃 不能发短信 该产品已售完 无法更换 型号新 无配件 无法维修 2 要求 公司应尽快予以更换 参考词汇 配件 sparepart DearSir IamwritingtoyouforthemobilephoneofDephone S250Iboughton20thApr 2008atTeleMallinWuhan P R China DearSir IamwritingtoyouforthemobilephoneofDephone S250Iboughton20thApr 2008atTeleMallinWuhan P R China Tendaysafterthat itdidn tringorsendshortmessages ThenItookittotheseller butwastoldthatthemodelhadbeensoldoutandIhadtowaitatleastthreemonthsforanewone LaterIwenttotherepairman Hesaidsinceitwasanew modelinChina itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspareparts Iwassodesperateonhearingthat HowcanIwaitthatlong Therefore Irequirethatyousendmeanewoneofthesamemodelwithinamonth Thankyouforyourconsideration Sincerelyyours BuManyi DearSir IamwritingtoyouforthemobilephoneofDephone S250Iboughton20thApr 2008atTeleMallinWuhan P R China Whatbothersmeisthequalityofthemobilephone Theproblemsareasfollows Tostartwith notonlydoesitfailtoringbutalsoitcan tsendamessage Besides thiskindofphonessellsowellthatnonecanbefoundatthemarket Asaresult Ican tchangemyphoneforanewone What sworse itbeingsuchanewproduct thesparepartsofthephonearenotavailableatthemoment Asaconsequence it simpossibletogetitchanged Asisknowntoall theserviceofyourcompanyhasbeenpraisedbymanyguestsandIhopethatyourcompanycangetmyphonechangedassoonaspossible Thankyouforyourconsideration Sincerelyyours BuManyi Youliveinaroomincollegewhichyousharewithanotherstudent Youfinditverydifficulttoworktherebecauseyourroommatealwayshasfriendsvisiting He shehaspartiesintheroomandsometimesborrowsyourthingswithoutaskingyou WritealettertotheAccommodationOfficeratthecollegeandaskforanewroomnextterm Youwouldpreferasingleroom Explainyourreasons DearSirorMadam IamwritingtoinformyouthatIwishtomoveintoanewroomnextterm Iwouldpreferasingleroom asIfindthepresentsharingarrangementinconvenient Imustexplainthatthereasonformydissatisfactionismyroommate sinconsideratebehavior Foronething hisfriendsareconstantlyvisitinghim Foranother heregularlyholdsnoisyparties Inaddition hesometimesborrowsmythingswithoutaskingme Inthesecircumstances Ifinditdifficulttoconcentrateonmystudies andIamfallingbehindinmyassignments Iamsureyouwillagreethattheonlysolutionisformetomoveintoaroomofmyown whereIwillbefreefromsuchdistractions Therefore Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldfindasingleroomforme preferablynotinthesamebuildingbutasneartothecollegecampusaspossible Yourssincerely JaniceKennedy Directions Youfoundsomethingwrongwiththetelephonebillyouhavereceivedfromthelocalpostoffice Youmadeacalltoinquireaboutthis howeverthepersonwhoansweredthecallwasveryrude Writealetterofcomplainttothemanagerofthepostoffice explainingthesituationandgivingyoursuggestionsforimprovement Yourlettershouldbenolessthan100words Youdon tneedtowritetheaddress Don tsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter useDonnainstead DearSir Iamwritingtocomplainabouttheterribleattitudeofoneofyourstaffmember Ireceivedmytelephonebillforthepreviousmonthfromyouandthoughtthereweresomeerrorsincalculation Ihadbeenoverchargedfortwooverseascalls However whenIcalledyourComplaintsDepartment thegirlwhoansweredmyphonewasveryrude Foronething sheinterruptedmecontinually Foranother sheevensaidthatthefaultwasmyown Needlesstosay suchawayofdealingwithcustomersisunacceptable Iwouldliketosuggestthatthegirlshouldbedisciplined andinstructedontheproperwaytodealwithconsumers AndIdohopeshecanmakeaformalapologytome Anearlyresponsewillbeappreciated Sincerelyyours Donna 开头 I mwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning 结尾 1 Yourattentiontothisletterwillbehighlyappreciated 2 Ihopeyouwillfindtheseproposalsuseful 建议信 Dear I mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowto Hereareafewsuggestions First itisimportantto Thenitalsohelpsto Besides itshouldbeagoodideato Youcanalso I msure Yours LiHua 引出对方需要建议的主题 根据需要用不同的句式提出建议 预测可能的结果 给对方以行动的信心和决心 建议信 DearPeter I mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell Hereareafewsuggestions First itisimportanttotakeaChinesecourse asyou llbeabletolearnfromtheteacherandpracticewithyourfellowstudents Then italsohelpstowatchTVandreadbooks newspapersandmagazinesinChinesewheneverpossible Besides itshouldbeagoodideatolearnandsingChinesesongs becausebydoingsoyou lllearnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily YoucanalsomakemoreChinesefriends TheywilltellyoualotaboutChinaandhelpyoulearnChinese TryandwritemeinChinesenexttime BestwishesYours Lihua DearPeter I mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell Hereareafewsuggestions First itisimportanttotakeaChinesecourse asyou llbeabletolearnfromtheteacherandpracticewithyourfellowstudents Then italsohelpstowatchTVandreadbooks newspapersandmagazinesinChinesewheneverpossible Besides itshouldbeagoodideatolearnandsingChinesesongs becausebydoingsoyou lllearnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily YoucanalsomakemoreChinesefriends TheywilltellyoualotaboutChinaandhelpyoulearnChinese TryandwritemeinChinesenexttime BestwishesYours Lihua Isuggestdoing Isuggest recommendthat WhatIsuggestisthat Mysuggestionisthat 2 It sagoodideatodo 3 Itishelpful important beneficialtodo Itisofgreathelp importance benefittodo 4 You dbetterdo5 Whynotdo 6 Ihopethat 7 Youshould 提出建议 2010江苏卷 假设你应邀参加学校组织的 英语学习师生座谈会 请你根据下表所提示的信息 用英语写一篇发言稿 简单介绍自己英语学习的情况 并对学校今后的英语教学提出建议 注意 1 对所给要点逐一陈述 适当发挥 不要简单翻译 2 词数150左右 开头和结尾已经写好 不计人总词数 3 文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名 真题回放 给与学生更多学以致用的机会老师多推荐阅读材料更多的活动 Dearsir I mgladtoshowmyideaonhowtoimprovetheEnglishteaching Herearesomesuggestions Firstofall givingthestudentsmorechancestoputthetheoryintopracticeisimportant becauseitwillimproveourabilitytouseEnglish Inaddition it sevenbetteriftheteachersrecommendmorereadingmaterialstousstudents asitwillenrichourvocabulary Lastbutnotleast it sofgreatbenefittoholdmoreactivities OnlyinthiswaycanwebuildourconfidenceinlearningEnglishandbeinterestedinit Ihopethatyoucantakemyadviceintoconsideration Yourssincerely LiHua陈瑶 Dearsir I mwritingtoexpressmyadviceonhowtoimprovetheEnglishteaching Hereareafewsuggestions Inthefirstplace itisofgreathelptoholdsomeactivitiesaboutlearningEnglish forexample EnglishSpeechContest bydoingso studentscanimprovethemselvesalot Moreover whynotrecommendsomeEnglishmaterialswhicharesuitableforstudentstothem Youknow readingisthebestwaytolearnalanguage Latbutnotleast pleaseofferstudentsmoreopportunitiestoshowtheirtalentsinenglish Youwillbegladtoseetheirprogress Ihopemysuggestionswillwork 郭玥 Now I dliketomakesomesuggestionsonEnglishteachingandlearninginourschool Firstly weshouldbegivenmoreopportunitiestousewhatwe velearnedinordertohaveabettergraspofit Secondly Ihopeourteacherscanrecommendmoreinterestingbooksandmagazinesandgiveusmorefreetimetoreadthem Finally 1suggestwehavemoreEnglishactivities suchasEnglishcontestsandfestivals 模仿show 假定你是李华 你从电视上看到甲型H1N1流感 H1N1flu 仍在美国流行 你正在美国上学的笔友Jack向你询问防护建议 建议 1 尽量待在家里 少去人多的地方 2 勤洗手 讲卫生 3 多开窗 保持空气新鲜 4 多吃水果蔬菜 注意 1 词数100左右 2 开头和结尾已给出 不计入总词数 DearJack I mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtoprotectyourselffromH1N1flu DearJack I mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtoprotectyourselffromH1N1flu Hereareafewsuggestions First tostayawayfromthisdisease youhadbetterstayathomeasmuchaspossibleandnotgotoplaceswheretherearemanypeople Then washyourhandsmoreoftentokeepthemclean Besides itisnecessarytoopenthewindowtohavemorefreshairintheroom Andyoushouldeatmorefruitsandvegetablestokeepyourselffitandstrong Sofarthediseaseisnotsodeadlyasitseemstobe Dobeatease Takecareandyou llbeOK Yourstruly LiHua 2009陕西 假定你是李华 在一个英文网络论坛上 你看到一个名叫Grownup的中学生发帖 post 寻求帮助 请根据帖子的内容