《英美概况》试题(附答案)

精品文档 1欢迎下载 英美概况英美概况 I I MultipleMultiple Choices Choices ChooseChoose oneone rightright answeranswer fromfrom thethe fourfour choices choices 1 The highest mountain in Britain is A Scafell B Ben Nevis C the Cotswolds D the Forth 2 The longest river in Britain is A the Clyde B the Mersey C the Severn D the Thames 3 The largest lake in Britain is A the Lough Neage B Windermere Water C Coniston Water D the Lake District 4 Which part of Britain is always fighting A England B Scotland C Wales D Northem Ireland 5 The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from A Europe B the United States C Africa D the West Indies 6 The first inhabitants in Britain were A the Normans B the Celts C the Iberians D the Anglo Saxons 7 British Recorded history began with A Roman invasion B the Norman Conquest C the Viking and Danish invasion D the Anglo Saxons invasion 8 In 829 actually became the overlord of all the English A John B James I C Egbert D Henry I 9 Christmas Day Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey A 1056 B 1066 C 1006 D 1060 10 Henry II was the first king of the dynasty A Windsor B Tudor C Malcolm D Plantagenet 11 In 1265 summoned the Great Council which has been seen as the earliest parliament A Henry III B the Pope C Barons D Simon de Montfort 精品文档 2欢迎下载 12 The Hundred Years war started in and ended in in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of A 1337 1453 Flanders B 1337 1453 Calais C 1346 1453 Argencourt D 1346 1453 Brest 13 The Wars of Roses lasted for years and king was replaced by king A 30 Richard III Henry Tudor B 50 Richard III Henry Tudor B C 30 Richard I Henry Tudor D 50 Richard I Henry Tudor 14 The Renaissance began in in the early century A England 14 B England 15 C Italy 14 D Italy 15 15 The English Civil War is also called A the Glorious Revolution B the Bloody Revolution C the Catholic Revolution D the Puritan Revolution 16 In a small group of Puritans sailed from in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America A 1620 London B 1620 Plymouth C 1720 London D 1720 Plymouth 17 In the 18th century there appeared in England which owed a great deal to the invention of machines A the Industrial Revolution B the Bourgeois Revolution C the Wars of the Roses D the Religious Reformation 18 English colonial expansion began with the colonization of in 1583 A Canada B Australia C India D Newfoundland 19 was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American A Edward VIII B Edward VII C George VI D George VII 20 In January Britain became a member of the European Economic Community A 1957 B 1967 C 1973 D 1979 21 soon after Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership A 1900 B the First World War C the Second World War D 1960 精品文档 3欢迎下载 22 In the 1970s among the developed countries Britain maintained the lowest rate and the highest rate A inflation growth B growth inflation C growth divorce D growth birth 23 The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except A the exhaustion of old mines B costly extraction B C little money being invested D the labour shortage 24 Britain s foreign trade is mainly with A developing countries B other Commonwealth countries C other developed countries D EC 25 The House of Lords is presided over by A the Lord Chancellor B the Queen C the Archbishop of Canterbury D the Prime Minister 26 A General Election is held every years and there are members of Parliaments are elected A five 600 B five 650 C five 651 D four 651 27 The Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sits in A the Archbishop of Canterbury the House of Commons B the Archbishop of Canterbury the House of Lords C the Queen the House of Commons D the Queen the House of Lords 28 The ultimate authority for law making resides in A the Queen B the Cabinet C the House of Lords D the House of Commons 29 The sources of British law include A statutes common law equity law and European Community law B statutes common law and equity law C statutes common law and European Community law D a complete code and statutes 精品文档 4欢迎下载 30 In criminal trials by jury passes sentenced and decide the issue of guilt or innocence A the judge the jury B the judge the judge C the jury the jury D the Lord Chancellor the jury 31 tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery A Magistrates courts B Youth courts C district courts D The Crown Court 32 London s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of A the England secretaries B the Scottish Secretaries C Northern Ireland Secretaries D the Home Secretary 33 The National Health Service was established in the UK in and based at first on A 1948 Acts of Parliament B 1958 Acts of Parliament C 1948 the Bill of Rights D 1958 the Bill of Rights 34 The non contributory social security benefits include the following except A war pension B child benefit C family credit D unemployment benefit 35 Except that may not be a Roman Catholic public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none A the lord Chancellor B the Prime Minister C the Speaker D the ministers of all departments 36 About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend A independent schools B junior schools C independent schools D primary schools 37 There are some universities including the Open University A 900 B 290 C 90 D 50 38 In Britain children from the age of 5 to 16 can by law A receive completely free education B receive parly free education C receive no free education if their families are rich D receive no free education at all 精品文档 5欢迎下载 39 With regard to its size the USA is the country in the world A largest B second largest C third largest D fourth largest 40 In the following rivers has been called the American Ruhr A the Mississippi B the Missouri C the Hudson D the Ohio 41 Among the following rivers forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U S A the Potomac B the Columbia C the Rio Grande River D the Colorado 42 All the following universities and colleges are located in New England except A Yale B Harvard C Oxford D Massachusetts Institute of Technology 43 The nation s capital city Washington D C and New York are located in A the American West B the Great Plains C the Midwest D the Middle Atlantic States 44 The Midwest in America s most important area A agricultural B industrial C manufacturing D mining in dustry 45 In the case of Brown versus Board of Education the Supreme Court ruled that A separate educational facilities had been illegal B educational facilities had been separate but equal C educational facilities had been equal D separate educational facilities were inherently unequal 46 The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in A 1882 B 1883 C 1900 D 1924 47 The first immigrants in American history came from and A Ireland France B England China C Scotland England D England Netherland 48 UncleUncle TomTom s s CabinCabin and RootsRoots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the A early settlers B Puritans C native Indians D black slaves 49 According to American historians and specialists in demography there are great population movement in the history of the United States 精品文档 6欢迎下载 A two B three C four D five 50 Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry especially in the A gold mines B silver mines C coal mines D copper mines 51 The Declaration of Independence was drafted by A James Madison B Thomes Jefferson C Alexander Hamilton D George Washington 52 On July 4 1776 adopted the Declaration of Independerce A the First Continental Congress B the Second Continental Congress C the Third Continental Congress D the Constitutional Convention 53 The victory of was the turning point of the War of Independence A Saratoga B Gettysburg C Trenton D Yorktown 54 Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution They are knows as A the Articles of Confederation B the Bill of Right C the Civil Rights D Federalist Papers 55 President Jefferson bought from France and doubled the country s territory A New Mexico B the Louisiana Territory C Kansas D Ohio 56 The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher A Paul Revere B John Locke C Cornwallis D Frederick Douglass 57 During the WWII the Axis powers were mainly made up by A Germany France and Japan B France Japan and Britain C Germany Italy and Britain D German Italy and Japan 58 The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the and conditions A economy political B social political C economy social D political cultural 精品文档 7欢迎下载 59 As a result of WWI was not one of the defeated nations A Germany B Austro Hungary C Ottoman D Russia 60 The aim of President Roosevelt s New Deal was to save American A economy B politics C society D democracy 答答 案案 I I MultipleMultiple Choices Choices ChooseChoose oneone rightright answeranswer fromfrom thethe fourfour choices choices 1 B 2 C 3 A 4 D 5 D 6 C 7 A 8 C 9 B 10 D 11 D 12 B 13 A 14 C 15 D 16 B 17 A 18 D 19 A 20 C 21 C 22 B 23 D 24 C 25 A 26 C 27 C 28 D 29 A 30 A 31 D 32 D 33 A 34 D 35 A 36 D 37 C 38 A 39 D 40 D 41 C 42 C 43 D 44 A 45 D 46 A 47 D 48 D 49 C 50 A 51 B 52 B 53 A 54 B 55 B 56 B 57 D 58 C 59 D 60 D 61 C 62 B 63 D 64 C 65 D 66 D 67 B 68 C 69 C 70 D 71 B 72 B 73 B 74 D 75 D II II FillFill inin thethe blanks blanks 1 Ceographically speaking the north and west of Britain are while the east and south east are mostly 2 Welsh is located in the of Great Britain 3 The ancestors of the English while the Scots Welsh and Irish the 4 In the mid 5th century three Teuronic tribes and invaded Britain Among them the gave their name to English people 5 The battle of witnessed the death of Harold in October 1066 6 Under William the system in England was completely established 7 The property record in William s time is known as which was compiled in 8 s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer s time after he was murdered 9 was the deadly bubonic plague which reduced England s population from four million to million by the end of the 14th century 精品文档 8欢迎下载 10 One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of farmers 11 James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in 12 During the Civil War the Cavaliers supported while the Roundheads supported 13 After the Civil War Oliver Cromwell declared England a later he became 14 In 1707 the Act of united England and 15 The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were and The former were the forerunners of the Party the latter were of the party 16 In 1765 the Scottish inventor produced a very efficient that could be applied to textile and other machinery 17 After the Industrial Revolution Britain became the of the world 18 During the Second World War led Britain to final victory in 1945 19 In 1974 and 1977 the two shock caused inflation to rise dramatically 20 Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under 21 has Europe s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories 22 New industries in Britain include and other high tech industries 23 The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official with its own leader and cabinet 24 The Prime Minister is appointed by and his her official residence is 25 There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales and 26 The criminal law in Britain presumes the of the accused until he has been proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt 27 The jury usually consists of persons in England Wales and Northern Ireland and persons in Scotland 28 The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is 29 In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to national insurance and 30 The two established churches in Britain are and 精品文档 9欢迎下载 31 Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of in Northen Ireland and 32 In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as which was replaced by 33 Education after 16 in the UK is divided into and 34 The most known universities in Britain are and which date from the and centuries 35 In Alaska and Havaii became the 49th and 50th states 36 In the Great Lakes only belongs to U S completely while the other four are shared with Ganada 37 is separated from the main land by Canada 38 The Rockies the backbone of the North American Continent is also known as 39 is the largest continental state in area in the U S 40 The West can be divided into three parts the Great Plains the Rocky Mountains and 41 The South is the headquarters of a large segment of the and industry 42 New England is sometimes called the of America 43 is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in five moves to a new home every year 44 The first blacks were brought to north America as slaves in 45 The largest group of Asian Americans are the II II FillFill inin thethe blanks blanks 1 highlands lowlands 2 west 3 Anglo Saxons Celts 4 Jutes Saxons Angles Angles 5 Hastings 6 feudal 7 Domesday Book 1086 8 Thomas Becket 9 Black Death two 10 yeomen 11 the Divine Right of Kings 12 the king the Parliament 13 Commonwealth Lord Protector 14 Union Scotland 15 Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16 James Watt steam engine 17 workship 18 Winston Churchill 19 oil 20 the North Sea 21 Scotland 22 microprocessors and computer biotechnology 23 Opposition shadow 24 the Queen No 10 Downing 25 country councils district councils 26 innocence 27 12 15 28 the House of Lords 29 the National Health Service social security 30 the Church of England the Church of Scotland 31 5 4 16 32 eleven plus comprehensive schools 33 further education high education 精品文档 10欢迎下载 34 Oxford Cambridge 12th 13th 35 1959 36 Lake Michigan 37 Alaska 38 the Continental Divide 39 Texas 40 the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41 rocket missile 42 birthplace 43 Mobility 44 1619 45 Chinese Americans III III ExplainExplain thethe followingfollowing terms terms 1 the Hardian s Wall 2 Alfred the Great 3 William the Conqueror 4 the battle of Hastings 5 Domesday Book 6 the Great Charter 7 the Hundred Years War 8 Joan of Arc 9 the Black Death 10 the Wars of Roses 11 Bloody Mary 12 Elizabeth I 13 Oliver Cromwell 14 the Bill of Rights 15 Whigs and Tories 16 James Watt 17 Winston Churchill 18 Agribusiness 19 the British Constitution 20 Queen Elizabeth II 21 the Opposition 22 the Privy Council 精品文档 11欢迎下载 23 common law 24 the jury 25 the NHS 26 comprehensive schools 27 public schools 28 the Great Lakes 29 New England 30 baby boom 31 the Chinese Exclusion Act 32 the Bill of Rights 33 the Emancipation Proclamation 34 the Constitutional Convention 35 the Progressive Movement 36 the Peace Conference 37 the Truman Doctrine 38 the Marshall Plan 39 the New Frontier 40 checks and balances IV IV AnswerAnswer brieflybriefly thethe followingfollowing questions questions 1 What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain 2 Why did the William the Conqueror invade England after Edward s death 3 What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest 4 What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter 5 What do you know about the English Renaissance 6 Why did the Restoration take place 精品文档 12欢迎下载 7 How did the Glorious Revolution break out What was the significance of it 8 What is your comment on land enclosures in England 9 How did the English Industrial Revolution proceed 10 What do you know about the Chartist Movement and the People s Charter What s your comment on them 11 How did the Labour Party come into being 12 What is a constitutional monarchy When did it begin in Britain 13 What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government 14 What are the main functions of Parliament 15 Why do the criminal convicts like to be tried first before the magistrates courts 16 What does the civil courts system do 17 What is meant by the term welfare state in Britain 18 What is the most important established Church in Britain How is it related to the Crown and linked with the State 19 What distinguishes the Open University from all other British Universities 20 Say something about the three immigration waves 21 Why did the early settlers come to America Who were the Pilgrims Who were the Puritans What were the features in the colonial period which had influence on later American development 22 What were the causes of the War of Independence 23 What was unusual about the Article of Confederation What was the struggle at the Constitutional Convention How was the conflict solved 24 Why did the Civil War break out How did the war end 25 What were the contents of the New Deal 26 What was the impact of the Vietnam War on American society 27 Who was McCarthy and what was McCarthyism 28 What is counterculture What are some of the forms of counterculture 29 What are the functions of the Congress 精品文档 13欢迎下载 30 What are some of the characteristics of American education III III ExplainExplain thethe followingfollowing terms terms 1 1 thethe HardianHardian s s Wall Wall It was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out of the area they had conquered 2 2 AlfredAlfred thethe GreatGreat Alfred was a strong king of the wisemen It was created by the Anglo Saxons to advise the king It s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today 3 3 WilliamWilliam thethe ConquerorConqueror William was Duke of Normandy He landed his army in Oct 1066 and defeated king Harold Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England 4 4 thethe battlebattle ofof HastingsHastings In 1066 King Edward died with no heir the Witan chose Harold as king William Duke of Normandy invaded England On October 14 the two armies met near Hasting After a day s battle Harold was killed and his army completely defeated So this battle was