供应链管理(中英对照)

精品文档 1欢迎下载 Supply Chain Management 供应链管理 The so called supply chain in fact from suppliers manufacturers warehouses distribution centers and channels and so constitute a logistics network The same enterprise may constitute the different components of this network node but the situation is different from a corporate network in different nodes For example in a supply chain companies may not only in the same manufacturers storage nodes and in distribution centers such as possession node location In the more detailed division of labor the higher the professional requirements of the supply chain different nodes are basically composed by different enterprises In the supply chain flows between the member units of raw materials finished products such as inventory and production constitutes the supply chain of goods flow 所谓供应链 其实就是由供应商 制造商 仓库 配送中心和渠道商等构成的 物流网络 同一企业可能构成这个网络的不同组成节点 但更多的情况下是由 不同的企业构成这个网络中的不同节点 比如 在某个供应链中 同一企业可 能既在制造商 仓库节点 又在配送中心节点等占有位置 在分工愈细 专业 要求愈高的供应链中 不同节点基本上由不同的企业组成 在供应链各成员单 位间流动的原材料 在制品库存和产成品等就构成了供应链上的货物流 The so called supply chain management that is to meet a certain level of customer service under the conditions in order to make the whole supply chain to minimize costs and the suppliers manufacturers warehouses distribution centers and channels and so effectively organized together to carry out Product manufacturing transport distribution and sales management 所谓供应链管理 就是指在满足一定的客户服务水平的条件下 为了使整个供 应链系统成本达到最小而把供应商 制造商 仓库 配送中心和渠道商等有效 地组织在一起来进行的产品制造 转运 分销及销售的管理方法 From the above definition we can be interpreted to include supply chain management of rich content 从上述定义中 我们能够解读出供应链管理包含的丰富内涵 First of all supply chain management products to meet customer demand in the process of the cost implications of various members of the unit are taken into account including from raw material suppliers manufacturers to the warehouse distribution center to another channel However in practice in the supply chain analysis it is necessary to consider the supplier s suppliers and customers of the customers because their supply chain performance is also influential 精品文档 2欢迎下载 首先 供应链管理把产品在满足客户需求的过程中对成本有影响的各个成员单 位都考虑在内了 包括从原材料供应商 制造商到仓库再经过配送中心到渠道 商 不过 实际上在供应链分析中 有必要考虑供应商的供应商以及顾客的顾 客 因为它们对供应链的业绩也是有影响的 Second supply chain management is aimed at the pursuit of the whole supply chain s overall efficiency and cost effectiveness of the system as a whole always trying to make the total system cost to a minimum Therefore the focus of supply chain management is not simply a supply chain so that members of the transportation costs to minimize or reduce inventory but through the use of systems approach to coordinate the supply chain members so that the entire supply chain total cost of the minimum so that the whole supply chain System in the most fluent in the operation 其次 供应链管理的目的在于追求整个供应链的整体效率和整个系统费用的有 效性 总是力图使系统总成本降至最低 因此 供应链管理的重点不在于简单 地使某个供应链成员的运输成本达到最小或减少库存 而在于通过采用系统方 法来协调供应链成员以使整个供应链总成本最低 使整个供应链系统处于最流 畅的运作中 Third supply chain management is on the suppliers manufacturers warehouses distribution centers and organically integrate the channel into one to start this problem so many businesses including its level of activities including the strategic level tactical and operational level Level and so on 第三 供应链管理是围绕把供应商 制造商 仓库 配送中心和渠道商有机结 合成一体这个问题来展开的 因此它包括企业许多层次上的活动 包括战略层 次 战术层次和作业层次等 Although the actual logistics management only through the organic supply chain integration enterprises can significantly reduce costs and improve service levels but in practice the supply chain integration is very difficult it is because First of all in the supply chain There are different members of different and conflicting objectives For example providers generally want manufacturers to purchase large quantities of stable and flexible delivery time can change desire to the contrary with suppliers although most manufacturers are willing to implement long term production operations but they must take into account the needs of its customers and to make changes Positive response which requires manufacturers choice and flexibility in procurement strategy Therefore suppliers and manufacturers to the goal of flexibility in the pursuit of the objectives inevitably exist between the contradictions 精品文档 3欢迎下载 尽管在实际的物流管理中 只有通过供应链的有机整合 企业才能显著地降低 成本和提高服务水平 但是在实践中供应链的整合是非常困难的 这是因为 首先 供应链中的不同成员存在着不同的 相互冲突的目标 比如 供应商一 般希望制造商进行稳定数量的大量采购 而交货期可以灵活变动 与供应商愿 望相反 尽管大多数制造商愿意实施长期生产运转 但它们必须顾及顾客的需 求及其变化并作出积极响应 这就要求制造商灵活地选择采购策略 因此 供 应商的目标与制造商追求灵活性的目标之间就不可避免地存在矛盾 Secondly the supply chain is a dynamic system with time and constantly changing In fact customers not only demand and supply capacity to change over time supply chain and the relationship between the members will change over time For example the increased purchasing power with customers suppliers and manufacturers are facing greater pressure to produce more and more personalized varieties of high quality products then ultimately the production of customized products 其次 供应链是一个动态的系统 随时间而不断地变化 事实上 不仅顾客需 求和供应商能力随时间而变化 而且供应链成员之间的关系也会随时间而变化 比如 随着顾客购买力的提高 供应商和制造商均面临着更大的压力来生产更 多品种更具个性化的高质量产品 进而最终生产定制化的产品 Research shows that effective supply chain management can always make the supply chain of enterprises will be able to maintain stability and a lasting competitive advantage thus increasing the overall supply chain competitiveness Statistics show that supply chain management will enable the effective implementation of enterprise total cost of about 20 per cent decline in the supply chain node on the enterprise time delivery rate increased by 15 percent or more orders to shorten the production cycle time 20 percent to 30 percent supply