暑期英语材料(29)

暑期英语材料暑期英语材料 29 29 Unit1The ChangingWorld Topic1China has developed rapidly in recent years 一 重点词汇 一 词形转换1 training 动词 train 训练 3 ti dy 近义词 clean developed 发达的 developing 发展中的 5 rapid 副词 rapi dly7 recent 副词 recently9 title 近义词 subject 二 重点短语1 have agood summerholiday过一个愉快的暑假2 e back from 从 回来3 work for 为 工作4 feel sorryfor 对 深表同情5 a disabledchildren s home一家残疾儿童养育院6 the whole holiday整个假期7 tell storiesto kids给小孩讲故事8 learn from从 当中学习9 feed achild喂小孩10 do farmwork干农活11 go tosummer classes上暑期班12 write anarticle about 写一篇有关 的文章13 have ahard happy life过着艰苦的 幸福的生活14 in the past future在过去 在将来15 in detail详细地16 at sunrise在日出时17 have nochance to do sth 没有机会做某事18 afford to do sth担负得起 做 某事19 give supportto sb 给某人帮助 支持20 get agood education获得良好的教育21 search for 为了 搜索 22 h ave littlefood toeat吃不饱23 dress warmly穿得暖24 with thedevelopment of 随着 的发展25 have abalanced diet饮食均衡26 play musicalinstruments演奏乐器27 sleep inthe openair在户外睡觉28 study go abroad在国外学习 出guo29 enter win lose apetition参加 赢得 输掉比赛30 enjoy BeijingOpera欣赏京剧31 used to do sth 过去常做某事32 at sunrise在日出时33 go hungry变饿了2 whole 同音词 hole4 develop 名词 development 形容词 6 old 比较级 older elder8 narrow 反义词 wide34 fall ill得病 患病35 divide into 把 分成 36 feel satisfiedwith 对 感到满足37 see oneself亲眼看见 38 make progress取得进步39 thanks to多亏 幸亏 由于40 stand for代表41 with thehelp of 在 的帮助下42 draw upan outline拟定提纲 三 重点句型1 You havejust e back fromyour hometown 你刚刚从你的家乡返回 2 There goesthe bell The bellis ringing 铃响了 3 Have youspent thewholeholidayworking here 你整个暑期都在那里工作吗 4 Is thatso 真是那样吗 5 Can youdescribe it in detail 你能详细地说说吗 6 Our jobwas togrow cotton 作表语 我的工作是种植棉花 7 I hadto dividemy moneyinto twoparts 我不得不把钱分成两份 8 He hasseen thechanges inBeijing himself 他亲眼目睹了北京的变化 9 I thinkit isimportant toremember thepast live inthe presentand dreamabout thefuture 我认为记住过去 立足现在 展望未来非常重要 10 Thanks to Because ofthe government s efforts 由于政府的努力 四 重点知识点1 Though Ihad notime totravel I stillfelt veryhappy thisholiday 尽管我没时间去旅游 但这个假期我仍然感到很愉快 though从属连词 用来引导让步状语从句 表 虽然 尽管 不 能与but连用 如Though he is poor heis happy He ispoor but heishappy 尽管他很贫穷 但是他很快乐 2 Could youplease tell me somethingabout Chineseteenagers 请告诉我一些有关中国青少年的一些事情好吗 Could Would youplease not do sth 请 不 做某事好吗 如Could youplease turndown yourradio 请把收音机声音调低好吗 Would youplease notplay footballhere 请不要在这儿踢球好吗 3 Parents couldn t affordeducation fortheir children 父母供不起孩子上学 afford常与can could或be ableto连用 尤其用于否定句或疑问句 表 负担得起 做 某事 抽得出 时间 can t couldn t afford todo sth 如W e can t afford to buy this housebecause wedon t haveenough money 我们买不这房了 因为我们没有足够的钱 He felthe couldn t affordany timeto playfootball 他觉得自己没有时间踢球了 4 Our government gives supportto poorfamilies 我们的政府能为贫困家庭提供帮助 give supportto sb give sb support为某人提供帮助 支持support作动词时表 供养 支持 支撑 如She hadto supporther familyat theage often 她十岁时就得养家 His parentssupported himin hisdecision 他的父母支持他的决定 The twosticks supportthe tree 两根木棍支撑着这棵树 5 Why notgo andsearch theInter forsome information 为什么不上网查找相关信息呢 search sp for sth 搜查某地寻找某物search sb for sth 搜身查找某物search forsth sb look forsth sb 搜寻某物 某人 如The villagerssearched thewoods forthe lostchildren 村民们在树林里寻找失踪的孩子们 The policesearched theman forthe stolenmoney 警察搜那个男人的身 查找被偷的钱 He issearching looking forhis missingkeys 他在寻找他丢的钥匙 6 I used to be a chilldlaborer 我以前是一个童工 used to be do 过去曾是 常做 be used todo sth be used for doingsth 被用来做某事be get usedto doing sth 习惯于 做 某事 如I usedtobe a Chineseteacher 我过去曾是一名语文老师 I usedto swimin thisriver 我过去常在这条河中游泳 Knives areusedtocut things knives areusedforcutting things 刀子被用砍东西 We areusedtogetting upearlier now 现在我们习惯于早起 7 We oftenwent hungrybecause theboss didn tgiveus enoughfood toeat 我们经常挨饿 因为老板不给我们足够的食物 在这里是系动词 表 变得 后跟形容词 构成系表结构 如 T he foodon thetable wentbad 桌面上的食物变坏了 8 One partwas usedto helpsupport myfamily to helpsend myelder brotherto school 一部分钱用来供养全家人 另一部分用来供哥哥上学 a one part the other part 一部分 另一部分 b elder brother哥哥elder作形容词时 是old的比较级 一般表示家庭成员 出生的顺序 在句中只能作定语 可与than连用 而older表年龄的 比较 可与than连用 如 His eldersister istwo olderthan he 他的姐姐比他大两岁 作名词时 表 长者 前辈 祖先 如 Th eir customswere handeddown bythe elders 他们的风俗习惯是由他们的祖先传下来的 9 But China hasdevelopedrapidlyin recent years 但是近年来 中国发展迅速 inrecentyears表 近年来 常与完成时连用 如 She haslearnt a lot ofknowledge inrecentyears 近年来 她学到了许多知识 10 Chinahasmade suchrapid progress 中国已经取得如此迅速的进步 progress为不可数名词make progress取得进步make some much great progress取得一些 许多 巨大的进步11 What has happened to Beijing s roadsnow 现在北京的公路发生了什么变化 sth happen tosb 某人发生了某事 如If anythinghappens to him let meknow 万一他有什么不测 就请通知我 A littleaident happenedto heryesterday 昨天她发生了点小意外 12 They expressthe richculture ofChina as well 他们也表达了丰富的中国文化 as well too also均表 也 又 aswell多用于口语 只用于句末 不用逗号隔开 too多用于口语 用于句末 要用逗号隔开 also 较正式 不用于句末 either用于否定句 表 也不 与too对应 如He likes sports aswell He likessports too He alsolikessports 他也喜欢运动 He didn t e either 他也没来 五 重点语法 一 现在完成时表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某 一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 即 过去的动作 现在的结果 强调结果 一 基本结构助动词have has 过去分词 done 二 句型陈述句主语 have has 过去分词 其他 否定句主语 have has not 过去分词 其 他 一般疑问句Have Has 主语 过去分词 其他 简略答语 Yes 主语 have has 肯定 No 主语 haven t hasn t 否定 三 用法 1 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响 或结果I havespent allof mymoney so far 含义是 现在我没有钱花了 Guo zijunhas just already e 含义郭子君现在在这儿 My fatherhas gone to work 含义是 我爸爸现在不在这儿 2 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的 持续到现在 的动作 用行为动词表示 或状态 be动词表示 常与for 时间 段 since 时间点或过去时的句子 连用 for 时段 since 过去一个时间点 译为自从 以来 since 时段 ago since 从句 过去时 It is 时段 since 从句 过去时 Mary has been illfor three days I havelived here since1998 四 has gone to has been to has been in 的区别Have Has gone to 去了 现在不在说话现场 Where isyour father He has goo Shanghai Have Has been to 去过 已不在去过的地方 My fatherhas been toShanghai Have has beenin呆了多久 还在所呆的地方 My fatherhas beenin Shanghai for twomonths since twomonths ago 五 现在完成时的标志1 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的 动作对现在仍有影响 用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义 以alre ady just和yet为标志He hasalready gother help 他已得到她的帮助 He hasjust seen the film 他刚刚看过这场电影 He hasn t e back yet 他还没有回来 以ever和never为标志This isthe bestfilm I have everseen 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影 He hasnever been to Beijing 他从没有到过北京 以动作发生的次数为标志He sayshe has beento the USAthree times 他说他已经去过美国三次了 以so far 到目前为止 为标 before He has got to Beijingso far 到目前为止他已到了北京 She haspassed theexamso far 到目前为止她已经通过了考试 2 过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在 甚至有可能继续延续下去 我们可以从动作 延续 的特性和 时间 点段的区分入手 进一步 学习现在完成时 for 时段 since 过去一个时间点 过去从句 为标志注意1 现 在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用 如yesterday last week three years ago等 2 不能与when连用2 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时 间状语连用六 过去分词 1 规则动词规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的 构成规则相同 四点变化规则 1 一般动词 在词尾直接加 ed work worked worked visit visited visited 2 以 e 结尾的动词 只在词尾加 d live lived lived 3 以 辅音字母 y 结尾的动词 将 y 变为 i 再加 ed study studied studied cry cried cried 4 重读闭音节结尾 末尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写该辅音字母 再加 ed stop stopped stopped drop dropped dropped 2 不规则动词AAA型原型过去式过去分词burst burstburst hurt hurthurtlet letlet cast castcastcost costcost cut cutcuthit hithit put putputspread spreadspread set setsetshut shutshut read readreadread原形发音为 ri d 过去式和过去分词发音为 red AAB 型beat beatbeaten ABA型bee becamebee runran rune camee ABB型bring broughtbrought burnburnt burntfeel feltfelt hearheard heardlay laidlaid makemade madeshoot shotshot sweepswept sweptthink thoughtthought ABC型begin beganbegun choosechose chosendrink drankdrunk forgetforgot forgottengrow grewgrown riserose risensing sangsung throwthrew thrown七 瞬间动词 buy die join e go leave join 不能 直接与for since连用 要改变动词buy have borrow keep buybought boughtbuild builtbuilt catchcaught caughtdig dugdug fightfought foughtfind foundfound holdheld heldkeep keptkept leadled ledlose lostlost meetmet metsell soldsold sitsat satstand stoodstood teachtaught taughttell toldtold winwon wonblow blewblown breakbroke brokendraw drewdrawn drivedrove drivenfly flewflown forgiveforgave forgivenfreeze frozefrozen givegave givenknow knewknown riderode riddenring rangrung shakeshook shakensink sanksunk swimswam swumwrite wrotewritten e arrive reach get to be ingo out be outleave be awaybegin be onfinish be overopen be openclose be closeddie be dead 1 have代替buy My brother has had 不能用has bought this bikefor almostfour years 2 用keep或have代替borrow I have kept 不能用have borrowed the bookfor quite a fewdays 3 用be替代bee How long hasyour sisterbeen a teacher 4 用have a cold代替catch a cold Tomhashadacoldsince theday beforeyesterday 5 用wear代替put onb 用 be 形容词 代终止性动词 1 be married代marry 3 be dead代die 5 be awake代wake wake up 6 be gone代lose die sell leave 7 be open代open 9 be missing gone lost 代lose c 用 be 副词 代终止性动词1 be on 代start begin3 be back to 代return to ebackto go backto4 be here there 代e arrive reach get here或go arrive reach get there等等d 用 be 介词短语 代终止性动词1 be in at 地点 代替go to e to2 用be inthe army代替join the army3 be in at 地点 代替move to常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表1 have arrivedat in sw got to reached sw e gone moved tosw have beenin sw at 相应的介词2 have e gone back returned have beenback3 have e gone out have beenout4 have bee have been5 have closed opened have beenclose open6 have gotup have beenup 7 have died have beendead 8 have leftsw have been away fromsw 9 have fallenasleep gotto sleep have beenasleep 10 have finished ended pleted have beenover11 havemarried have beenmarried 12 have started begun todo sth have donesth 13 have begun have beenon14 have borrowed bought have kept had15 have lost haven t had16 have put on have worn 2 be ill代fall get ill 4 be asleep代fall get asleep 8 be closed代close shut2 be up 代get up 17 have caught get acold18 have gotto know19 have has goo20 have joined have takenpart inthe league the Party the army have beena member of have beenin have beenthe Party s member the league have hadacold have known have beenin member the soldier 现在完成时练习 一 I Fill inthe blankswith theproper form 1 I already see the film I see it lastweek 2 he finish his worktoday Not yet 3 My father just e backfromwork He istired now 4 Where s LiMing He go to the teacher s office 5 I work here sinceI move here in1999 6 So farI make quiteafew friendshere 7 How long the Wangs stay here For twoweeks 8 I just finish my homework 9 He go to schoolon footevery day 10 you find your sciencebook yet 11 If it be fine tomorrow I ll gowith you 12 The students read English whentheteachercame in 13 Look The monkey climb the tree 14 My mother e to seeme nextSunday 15 I ve lostmy pen you see it anywhere 单项选择1 How longhave you here A e B got C arrived D been2 My grandpadied A at theage ofmy2B for2years C when Iwas2 D my agewas6 3 Jane has to BeiJing She willebacktomorrow A been B gone C went D never been4 It isten years I lastsaw her A after B since C for D that5 Who will go to the stationto meetLorry I will I her severaltimes A met B have metC had metD will meet6 What anice dress How long you it Just2weeks A will buy B did buy C are having D have had7 Do youknow Lydiavery well Yes She andI friends sincewe werevery young A have madeB have beeC have beenD have turned8 The Smiths in Chinafor8years A has livedB lived C have beenD live9 Hello this isMr Green speaking Can Ispeak toMr Black Sorry He the BainiaoPark A has beentoB has goo C went toD will goto10 you ever to theUS Yes twice A Have gone B Have been C Do go D were going用since和for填空1 two years2 two years ago3 last month4 19995 yesterday6 4o clock74hour s8 an hourago9 we werechildren10 lunch time11 she lefthere12 He has lived inNanjing the yearbefore last 13 I ve knownhim we werechildren 14 Our teacherhas studiedJapanese three years 15 She has beenawayfrom the city about ten years 16 It s aboutten years she left thecity 现在完成时练习 二 一 单项选择 1 Both hisparents looksad Maybe they what shappenedtohim 呼和浩特 knew have known must know will know 2 Hehas beentoShanghai has he already never ever still 3 Have youmet MrLi just ago before a moment ago 4 The famouswriter one newbook inthepasttwo years is writing was writing wrote has written 5 Our country alotso far Yes I hopeit willbe even has changed well changed good has changed better changed better 6 Zhao Lan already in this school for two years was studying will study has studied are stud ying 7 We Xiao Lisince shewas alittle girl know had known have known knew 8 Harry Potteris avery nicefilm I it twice will see have seen saw see 9 These farmershave beento theUnited States Really When there will theygo did theygo do theygo have theygone 10 you your homeworkyet Yes I it amomentago Did do finished Have done finished Have d one have finished will do finish 11 His father the Partysince1978 joined has joined was in has beenin 12 Do youknow himwell Sure We friends sinceten years ago were have been have bee have made 13 How longhave you here About twomonths been gone e arrived 14 Hurry up The play for tenminutes has begun had begun hasbeenon began 15 It ten yearssince heleftthe army is has will was 16 Miss Greenisn tinthe office she to thelibrary has gone went willgo hasbeen 17 My parents Shandong for ten years have beenin have beento have goo have been 18 The studentshave cleanedthe classroom A so theyB don t theyC have theyD haven t they 19 has MrWhite beena memberof GreenerChina sincehe toChina A How soon es B How often got C How long came D How far arrived 20 His uncle for morethan9years A has ehere B has startedto workC haslivedthere D has leftthe university结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的 状态的短语 arrive at in sp get to reach sp e go m oveto sp be insp at school at home on the farm be here be there1 He gotto Beijingfive minutes ago He Beijing for 2 I movedto theUSA inxx I theUSA since 3 I wenthome yesterday I homefor 4 They camehere lastweek They heresince eto go backto return to be backto goout be out1 He cameout twoyears ago He for 2 We returnto Beijingyesterday We to Beijingsince be e be1 I becamea teacherin2000 I ateacherfor 2 The riverbecame dirtylast year The river dirty for close be closedopen be open1 The shopclosed two hours ago The shop for 2 The dooropened atsix inthe morning The door for sixhours get up be up die be dead leave sp be awayfrom sp fall asleep get totsleep be asleep finish end be over marry be married 1 I gotup two hours ago I since 2 He leftShanghai just now He Shanghaiforfive minutes 3 My grandpadied inxx My grandpa for 4 The meetingfinished atsix The meeting for sixhours 5 I gottosleeptwohoursago I since 6 They marriedin1990 They since start begin todo sth dosth begin be on1 I beganto teachat this school in1995 I at thisschool since 2 The filmbegan twominutesago The film for borrow keep lose not have buy have puton wear catch get acold have acold get to know know1 They borrowedit lastweek They it since 2 I boughta pentwohoursago I a penfor 3 I gottoknowhim lastyear I him since 4 I puton my glasses threeyearsago I myglassesfor have h as goo have beenin Hehasgoo Beijing He Beijing for two days join the league the Party thearmy bealeague member a Partymember a soldier beamemberofthe league the Party be inthe league the Party thearmy1 He joined the leagueinxx He a for twoyears He a the for twoyears He thelea