车辆工程专业英语——新能源汽车综述

精品文档 1欢迎下载 Characteristics and Development of Some Kinds of New Energy Vehicles Abstract Now the global automotive industry is facing the challenge of energy and environment and developing new energy vehicles becomes many global automotive groups s same plan But not all of various types of new energy vehicles which have their own advantages and disadvantages can become the most promising future vehicles I will introduce features and development of Pure Electric Vehicles Hybrid Electric Vehicle HEV Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles FCEV Natural Gas Vehicles Hydrogen Engine Vehicles and DME Vehicles Etc At last we will know which kind of the new energy vehicles will become mainstream in the future of the car by comparing 精品文档 2欢迎下载 Key Word New Energy Vehicles Future cars Hybrid Hybrid cars is hybrid electric vehicles which use more than one kind of energy provides power to drives the car Currently hybrid cars is the combination of traditional fossil fuels engin and electric motor The most prominent advantage of hybrid cars is its fuel economy The maximum power of the engin can determine by the average power so that the engin can work in less pollution and lower fuel consumption condition That makes hybrid cars save 30 50 fule compare with traditional cars and significantly reducing emissions at the same time Energy recovering from braking become easy too But the problem of hybrid car is it s high price and basicly no fuel saving at long distance high speed driving At present China s hybrid vehicle technology development fast some models have been in the 精品文档 3欢迎下载 period of practical Take the Roewe 750 of Shanghai Automotive Group for example it has already on sale In the world wild Toyota Prius hybrid car first introduced in Japan in 1997 and the other major automobile companies have launched their own hybrid products such as the Honda Insight GM Saturn VUE Ford Escape and so on With technical progress and expansion of production scale the cost has dropped significantly Pure electric vehicles is driven by electric motor which is powered by car carry battery and meet the requirements of traffic safety regulations Pure electric vehicle using a rechargeable battery and the basic structure is not complicated Electric generators and car batteries are one of the key components among which the most critical is battery Pure electric vehicles is not a new car the electric car was born more than 100 years At that time the electric car battery lifespan is short the mileage is not high also Then the electric car is relaced by the 精品文档 4欢迎下载 increasingly technology mature internal combustion engine car But in the 1970 s due to the stimulation of oil crisis all countries in the world began to look for other energy to replace oil The electric car is back in the line of sight of people And in recent years besides had the problems of energy environmental problem has become a social focus on major issues Again increased focus on electric cars Now the difficulty of promote puer electric car comes from the power storage technologies Currently energy storage in per unit weight of the battery is not enough for long term using the charge mileage is not ideal On the other hand The high performance battery lifespan is short Resulting in not froming economy scale cost of pure electric vehicle is too high to commercial operation Nevertheless pure electric vehicles are promoted in the U S Europe Japan in small scale and mainly use in government vehicle city bus Etc The forerunner of China s electric car company BYD launched E6 and also exported electric bus to 精品文档 5欢迎下载 Europe Fuel cell electric vehicle use a fuel cell as electric source to supply electric motor and the chemical energy of fuel is directly changed into electrical energy by the cell The energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell is 2 to 3 times higher than internal combustion engines and fuel cells do not produce harmful chemical reaction products and make lower noise In recent years although the development of fuel cell vehicles technology has made significant progress in the world wild but there are still some technical challenges such as the integration of fuel cells vehicle integration industrialization and commercialization It is worth mentioning that we are at the same level with developed countries in the field of fuel cell electric vehicle researching Hydrogen engine vehicle power by the engin which is transform from the existing automobile internal combustion engine In addition to the hydrogen engine car has the 精品文档 6欢迎下载 same advantages of less pollution lower emissions but also has other special advantages such as lower requirements for hydrogen high combustion performance engine technology is mature and so on But now hydrogen engine car facing with problems of preparation and storage of liquid hydrogen Ability to effectively solve these two problems in short time will determine the prospects for the development of hydrogen engine vehicles Natural gas vehicles to use natural gas as fuel According to the chemical composition and morphology of natural gas it can be classified as three kinds of it like Compressed Natural Gas CNG Liquefied Natural Gas LNG and Liquefied Petroleum Gas Because natural gas vehicles using natural gas as fuel so it has some feature like low pollution low cost and high security But natural gas vehicles have lower power performance not easy to carry compared with normal vehicle And once put into Large scale using we must build the appropriate station and pipeline It also relates to design urban planning funding and environmental 精品文档 7欢迎下载 safety and many other factors causing the high cost of using this kind of vehicle China is rich in natural gas resources and natural gas vehicle technology developed rapidly in these years For example some taxi Changsha use Compressed Natural Gas engin In addition to the above new energy vehicles as well as there is also a kind of vehicle using organic substance such as alcohol ether as fuel to power the car Ethanol fuel is ethanol automotive gasoline ethanol vehicle technology is relatively mature the traditional internal combustion engine can modification to adapt to different ethanol gasoline fuel The rapid development of ethanol cars happen in United States Brazil and other countries thanks to the rich ethanol resources while China is still in its initial stage DME car use DME as fuel of compression ignition engine Generally using in two ways Firstly using the dimethyl ether as an ignition promoting secondly dimethyl ether used as the direct combustion of liquid to get power 精品文档 8欢迎下载 Dimethyl ether automobile technology in China has made important progress such as Shanghai automotive group has successfully developed in dimethyl ether city bus and began the trial run Thanks to internal combustion engine technology is now very mature hybrid cars is ease of using sustainability reliability is better than that of other new energy cars but its still use gasoline diesel oil as a source of energy so the hybrid vehicle can t represent the future type of car And because the power can be obtained from a variety of one off energy do not worry about energy draining so pure electric vehicle has broad application prospects At the same time pure electric vehicles has no pollution makes lower noise is high efficiency These advantages make this type of electric car research and application is becoming a hot spot of the car industry and our country also take electric vehicles as the main orientation of auto industry strategic transformation Fuel cell vehicles with its efficient green cleaning and life advantage to get the attention of many 精品文档 9欢迎下载 countries to continuously invest devotion therefore the fuel cell car will also be important form of the cars of the future For other types of new energy vehicles because of the limitations of fuel supplying can t be used in the large scale all over the world And this kind of alternative fuel in the engine power performance corrosion storage and transportation difficulties such as obvious shortcomings This kind of new energy vehicles may will be the future regional auto supplement type Comparing the above list of various types of new energy vehicles pure electric vehicles will be the mainstream of future automobiles fuel cell vehicles will act as an important component in the future and a hy