非谓语动词表格形式

精品文档 1欢迎下载 非谓语动词 一 动词不定式 1 动词不定式的构成 to 动词原形 这里的 to 是不定式符号 本身无词义 否定 not to 动词原形 2 动词不定式的句法功能 功能例句说明 主语 To speak English is not easy for us It is not easy for us to speak English 作主语用的不定式 常常用 it 作形式 主语 而把不定式放在后面 其结构 为 It be adj for of sb 动词不 定式 表语 My work is to clean the room every day To clean the room every day is my work 多数情况下 不定式作表语 可转换 为作主语 宾语 What sports does he like to play He likes to play basketball 只能作某些动词的宾语 一般不做介 词的宾语 宾补 My mother made me play the piano all the time 在 make let see hear watch 等 使役动词后 不定式省略 to 定语 Have you got anything to say 不定式做定语 要放在所修饰词的后 面 状语 I m sorry to trouble you 不定式作状语 其逻辑主语要和句子 的主语一致 1 to do 作主语常用 it 作形式主语 例 To learn English well is useful It is useful for us to learn English well 注意注意 在 kind good nice clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后 不用 for 而用 of 2 一些表示命令 打算或希望的动词后只接动词不定式作宾语 would like like 想要 want wish hope decide plan except 等 例 Would you like too see a film this evening 3 在 find think 后跟动词不定式作宾语时 常用 it 代替 而将真正的宾语放在句末 例 I find it easy to read English every day 4 常见的一些不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语 Why not do why don t you do had better not do would rater do could would will you please not do 例 I would rather stay in the room 5 一些使役动词和感官动词用不定式作宾语 但 to 要省略 一感 fell 二听 hear listen to 三让 let make let 四看 look at see watch notice 五帮助 help 但变为被动语态是必须加上但变为被动语态是必须加上 to to 例 My friends werewere mademade toto work the whole night by the boss 6 不定式常和疑问词 what which when where how 连用 相当于一个宾语从句 二 动名词 精品文档 2欢迎下载 1 动名词的构成 动词原形 ing 2 动名词的句法功能 功能例句说明 主语 Eating too much is bad for your health 谓语动词用单数形式 动词 宾语 I like playing basketball very much 宾 语介词 宾语 Stamps are used for sending letters 表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常 性动作 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps Collecting stamps is his hobby 多数情况下 动名词作表语可装换 成做主语 定语 She is in the reading room 只表明它所修饰的词的用途 所属 关系等 至置于所修饰词之前 常跟动名词作宾语的词 完成实践值得忙 finish practice be worth be busy 继续习惯别放弃 keep on be used to give up 考虑建议不禁想 consider suggest can t help feel like 喜欢思念要介意 enjoy miss mind 三 分词 1 构成 动词 ing 动词 ed 2 分词的句法功能 功能例句说明 定语 Do you know the girl standing under the tree Please hand in your written exercise 现在分词作定语 其逻辑主 语就是它所修饰的词 过去 分词作定语 其逻辑宾语就 是它所修饰的词 状语 The students went out of the classroom talking and laughing Seen from the hill out school looks more beautiful 分词的逻辑主语是句子的主 语 表语 The situation is encouraging The boy is too frightened to move 现在分词表示主语的性质 特征 过去分词表示某种状 态 也就是我们常说的人用 ed 物用 ing 补足 语 Don t keep us waiting for a long time I heard him singing in the classroom He ll have his hair cut after school 现在分词作补足语 被补足 的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主 语 即主动关系 过去分词 作补足语 被补足的宾语或 主语是它的逻辑宾语 即被 动关系 精品文档 3欢迎下载 四 易混清单 1 动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 stop to do sth 停下来去做 stop doing sth 停止做 remember to do sth 记住要做某事 动作未发生 remember doing sth 记得曾经做过某事 动作已发生 forget to do sth 忘记做某事 动作未发生 Forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 动作已发生 try to do sth 努力去做某事 Try doing sth 试着去做某事 go on to do sth 做完一件事 接着去做另一件事 go on doing sth 继续不停地做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 regret to do sth 对要做的事感到遗憾 未做 Regret doing sth 对做过的事感到遗憾 后悔 已做 mean to do sth 打算 想做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 二 现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别 我们常见的动词有 see watch notice hear feel have 等 它们接不带 to 的动 词不定式作宾补 表示已经完成了的经常性的动作 接现在分词做宾补 表示动作正在进 行着 例 I heard him singing in the classroom 唱 这个动作正在进行 I heard him sing in the classroom 唱 这个动作已经结束 三 Need require want 做 需要 解时 后加动名词主动式等于加不定式的被动式 例 The window needs cleaningcleaning The window needs toto bebe cleanedcleaned want to be done want doing need to be done need doing require to be done require doing 四 现在分词与过去分词的区别 1 在语态上 现在分词表示主动 过去分词表示被动 修饰人用 ed 修饰物用 ing 例 the surprising news 令人惊讶的消息 a surprised man 一个感到惊讶的人 2 在时间上 现在分词表示正在进行的动作 过去分词表示已近完成的动作 例 the developing country 发展中国家 the developed country 发达国家 五 注意下列 to 是介词 不是动词不定式 精品文档 4欢迎下载 make a contribution s to 为 作贡献 devote to 献身 致力于 look forward to 期盼 盼望 prefer to 两者间更喜欢 be used to 习惯 适应 1 Granny often tells us water in our daily life A saveB savingC to save D saves 2 Richard turned off the computer after he had finished the email A write B to write C writing D wrote 3 Before going to the History Museum our teacher told us the public rules A obeyB to obeyC obeyingD obeyed 4 James I m too tired Let s stop a rest A havingB haveC to havingD to have 5 We can use QQ to chat with other on the Internet Really Will you please show me it A how to useB what to useC how can I useD what can I use 6 Where s your brother now Bob I saw him in the street a moment ago and I told him A playing don t do soB playing not do so C play to do so 7 Hi Steve Our teachers told us an electric bike It s too dangerous I m sorry I won t do it again A to rideB not rideC not to ride 8 As teenagers we re old enough with housework We can help set the table wash the dishes and clean our own rooms A to help B helpingC helped 9 Mary dances best in our school I agree I ll never forget her dance for the first time A seeingB to seeC seeD seen 10 Chinese athletes did a great job in the Winter Olympics in Canada It can encourage post 90s 90 后 A work hard B worked harderC working harderD to work hard 11 Don t forget an umbrella you It s going to rain A to take toB taking to C to take withD taking with 12 Nancy is really a hard working student We often see her books in the classroom A readB to readC reads 精品文档 5欢迎下载 13 Are you going to the party at Smith s home this evening I will if I am free A holdingB heldC to holdD to be held 14 Mrs Smith made her students the compositions three times a week A write B to write C writtenD writing 15 Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby A to stop cryingB stop cryingC to stop to cry D stop to cry 16 We have two rooms but I can t decide A to live to choose which one B lived choose which one C to lived in which one to chose D live which one 17 The teacher told the students any food into the computer room A not to bringB not bring C don t bring D bring not 18 At least 300 million people are using QQ by Ma Huateng to chat on line A creat B creates C creating D created 19 The teacher asked Ben a difficult question in class A answer B answering C to answer D answered 20 You d better too much time playing computer games A don t spendB not to spend C to not spend D not spend 21 More and more young people are trying to do something the old A served B to serve C serveD serves 22 Is Jack in the library Maybe I saw him out with some books just now A goingB go C to go D went 23 Dad why should I stop computer games For your health my boy I m afraid you A to play must B playing have to C to play can D playing may 24 Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother Yes it s well worth It s moving that I ve seen it twice A seeing too B to see enoughC seeing so D to see such 25 Why not your teacher for help when you can t finish it by yourself A ask write B to ask writingC ask writing D asking writing 26 If people cutting down the forest they will have nowhere A keep to live in B will keep to live in C keep to live D will keep to live 27 His parents often encourage him hard A work B workingC to work D works 28 Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot him for his telephone number A ask B askingC and ask D to ask 29 Last weekend I went to the library some books on how to protect environment 精品文档 6欢迎下载 A to borrow B borrowC borrowed D borrowing 30 How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up It makes me very proud A felt B to feel C feeling D feel 31 The boy promised late for school again A to not be B not to be C not being D being not 32 It s very nice pictures for me A of you do draw B for you to draw C for you drawingD of you drawing 33 China will spend about 52 billion yuan new airports and old ones in the west of China in the 11th Five Year Plan period 时期 A repairing building B to build repair C building repairing D to repair build 34 There are so many kinds of pens here I can t decide A whe