高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习和答案

精品文档 1欢迎下载 虚拟语气 虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设 所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实 相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小 根据时间的不同 虚拟条件句可分为三种 即与现在 事实相反的虚拟条件句 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 具体情况请看下表 条件状语从句主 句 与过去事实相 反 had 过去分词 should would could might have 过去分词 与现在事实相 反 一般过去时 be 用 were would should could might 动词原 形 与将来事实相 反 一般过去时或 should were to 动词 原形 would should could might 动词原 形 例句 1 表示与现在事实相反 If I had enough money now I would lend it to you 2 表示与过去事实相反 If he had taken your advice he wouldn t have made such a bad mistake 3 表示与将来事实相反 I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow 1 虚拟条件句的倒装 在虚拟条件句中 为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性 或突出说话人的一种主观愿望 虚 拟条件句可用倒装结构 虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉 if 把条件从句谓语中的助动词 情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的 例如 Had I been If I had been in that situation I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money Should there be If there should be a drought what should we do at that time 2 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致 这时谓语动词的形式应根据 它所要表示的具体时间来确定 例如 精品文档 2欢迎下载 If we hadn t been working hard in the past few years things wouldn t be going so smoothly 3 含蓄条件句 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来 而是通过某个介词或介词短语 如 with otherwise without but for in that position 上下文或其它方式表现出来 这种句子称为含蓄条件句 例如 But for the help from you I would not have had the chance to go to college 二 虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用 在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气 表示愿望 建议或命令等 根据虚拟 语气的形式不同 虚拟语气可以分为 should 类 和 过去时态类 一 should 类 这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用 should 动词原形 体现出来的 should 可以省略 其具体运用体现在 1 在 suggest order demand propose command request desire insist 等表示建议 命令 要求 意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气 如 He suggests that she should leave the house at once The leader ordered that the task should be finished as soon as possible He proposed that we should deal with the problem by the view of development 2 与 suggest order demand propose command request desire insist 等动词 相对应的名词 suggestion order demand proposal 等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要 使用虚拟语气 如 The general sent the order that the battle should be held on until the complete failure of the enemy My proposal is that we should set a deadline for handing in the plan 3 在 It is was suggested ordered demanded proposed etc 结构以及 necessary essential important strange natural 等形容词后的主语从句中要使用 虚拟语气 如 It s requested that we should keep the stability of the society for the people s peaceful life It is necessary that the badly wounded man should be treated immediately 二 过去时态类 精品文档 3欢迎下载 英语中 还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子 也要使用虚拟语气 虚拟语气是通过 句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态 如 一般过去时 过去完成时等 来体现的 1 wish would rather 后的宾语从句 如 He wished he had never been involved in such affairs I would rather you could teach me again 2 as if as though 引导的从句 如 The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man He acted as usual as though nothing had happened 3 由 if only 要是 那该多好啊 引导的惊叹句 如 If only I had passed the test If only it stopped raining 4 It is about high time 后的定语从句 如 It is time we went out for a walk It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment 三 虚拟语气的其它用法 在英语中 一些表示建议 请求 劝告 愿望 祈祷 祝福或诅咒的句子 也需要使 用虚拟语气 如 Would you mind smoking here May you be lucky Long live the people of China God save me 高中英语虚拟语气练习题 二 选择题 1 If only he quietly as the doctor instructed he would not suffer so much now A lies B lay C had lain D should lie 2 How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden 精品文档 4欢迎下载 A has B had C will have D had had 3 You did not let me drive If we in turn you so tired A drove didn t get B drove wouldn t get C were driving wouldn t get D had driven wouldn t have got 4 it rain tomorrow we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A Were B Should C Would D Will 5 I suggested the person to be put into prison A refers B referring C referred D refer 6 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water it looks as if it A breaks B has broken C were broken D had been broken 7 I insisted to see a doctor but he insisted nothing wrong with him A on him to go should be B he went be C he go was D he should to is 8 Your aunt invites you to the movies today I had rather she me tomorrow than today A tells B told C would tell D had told 9 Would you have called her up had it been possible Yes but I busy doing my homework A was B were C had been D would be 10 I was ill that day otherwise I the sports meet A would have taken part in B took part in C had taken part in D would take part in 11 the clouds you would find the airplane in the sky easily A Had it not been for B If it were not C If it had not been for D Were it not for 12 If my lawyer here last Sunday he me from going A had been would have prevented B had been would prevent C were preventD were would have prevented 13 hard he would have passed the exam A If he were to workB Had he workedC Should he work D Were he to work 14 today he would get there by Friday A Were he to leave B If he had leftC Did he to leaveD Had he left 精品文档 5欢迎下载 15 Had you listened to the doctor you all right now A areB were C would be D would have been 16 I did not see your sister at the meeting If she she would have met my brother A has comeB did come C come D had come 17 He busy yesterday or he you with your experiment A was had helpedB was would have helpedC had been would have helpedD were would have helped 18 If it for the snow we the mountain yesterday A were not could have climbB were not could climbC had not been could have climbed D hadn t been could climb 19 Without electricity human life quite difficult today A isB will beC would have beenD would be 20 I am going to tell her the news I would as soon you her about it A didn t tellB don t tell C hadn t tell D won t tell 21 Mike s father as well as his mother insisted he home A stayedB could stay C has stayedD stay 22 It was requested that the play again A should put on B would put on C be put onD put on 23 She insisted that a doctor immediately A had sent forB send C be sent forD was sent 24 Did you scold him for his carelessness Yes but it A I d rather not doB I d rather not have doneC I should t doD I d better not do 25 If only I my car A hadn t lostB wouldn t loseC didn t loseD haven t lost 26 But for water it impossible to live in the earth A is B wouldC were D wouldn t be 27 I would rather you anything about it for the time being 精品文档 6欢迎下载 A do B didn t doC don tD didn t 28 The kind hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he their own son A is B were C had been D should be 29 How the old people wish that they young once more A wereB could become C had been D should be 30 It is high time that we a meeting to discuss this problem A holdB held C have heldD had held 31 The thief closed his eyes he dying A even if wasB though would beC even had beenD as if were 32 I wish that you such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert A had notB did not have hadC hadn t hadD hadn t have 33 The chairman insisted that we the question again A will discussB to discussC should discussD will be discussed 34 He requested that the students them get in crops A helpB to helpC helpedD helping 35 The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules A obeys B Obey C