新标准大学英语第四册第二单元第一篇课文

危险 书可能会改变你的人生Unit 2 Active reading 1 Danger Books May Change Your Life 刘易斯 卡罗尔书中的爱丽丝不小心掉 进了兔子洞里 但她在那里发现了一个 神奇的仙境 当我们打开一本书时 我 们也会像爱丽丝那样走进一个全新的世 界 我们能从一个年长者的角度 或通 过一个孩子的眼睛来观察生活 我们可 以周游世界 遍访现实生活中从没想过 要访问的国家和文化 我们可以体验 未曾经历过的事情 这些事情也许令人 困惑 也许引人入胜 可能是不愉快的 也可能是令人痛苦的 但无论如何都至 少能把我们从现实世界中解放出来 Like Lewis Carroli s Alice who falls into a rabbit hole and discovers a mysterious wonderland when we pick up a book we are about to enter a new world We become observers of life from the point of view of a person older than ourselves or through the eyes of a child We may travel around the globe to countries or cultures we would never dream of visiting in real life We ll have experiences which are new sometimes disconcerting maybe deeply attractive possibly unpleasant or painful but never less than liberating from the real world we come from How can reading be a painful experience It depends on the book and the readers personal experience or personality If you have the similar experience like being bullied it is easy to remind you of that experience when reading such a story Mysterious strange not understood not known 房屋里亮起了神秘的灯光 a light came from the deserted house Wonderland an imaginary world that exists in fairy tales 仙境 Disconcerting make you feel anxious confused embarrassed Unpleasant feel upset uncomfortable The smell was unpleasant 这味道很难闻 Painful make you feel sad and upset Liberating help people escape from something In what senses does reading liberate us from the real world In books we can do all sorts of wonderful or interesting things which would be impossible in the real world 英国诗人威廉 柯珀 1731 1800 说 变化是生活的调味品 它让生活变得 有滋有味 虽 然他没有说在什么地方 以及怎样才能找到变化 但我们知道他 说得对 我们知道我们生活在一个充满 变化与差异的世界里 我们知道人们的 生活各不相同 过日子的方式也不尽不 同 人们做不同的工作 有不同的信仰 The English poet William Cowper 1731 1800 said Variety s the very spice of life That gives it all its flavor although he neglected to say where or how we could find it But we know he was right We know we live in a world of variety and difference We know that people live various different lives spend their time in various different ways have different jobs believe in different things have different opinions different customs and Variety various vary People like to live a life full of variety 过丰富多彩的生活 A variety of people fail in exam for a of reasons He has a variety of interests Flavor taste of a food or drink Spice plant you put in food to give it flavor 调味品 香料 Something that makes life more exciting I like the flavor of chocolate 我喜欢巧克力的味道 持不同的观点 有不同的风俗习惯 操 不同的语言 通常 我们不知道这些差 异的大小 但一旦发生了不平常的事情 并引起了我们的注意 这种变化或差异 与其说是机会 毋宁说是威胁 speak different languages Normally we don t know the extent of these differences yet sometimes when something unusual happens to make us notice variety and difference appear more as a threat than an opportunity Neglect fail He was so busy that he neglected his health 他忙得连身体健康都无法顾及 He was dismissed for neglecting his duty 他因玩忽职守而被解雇 Extent degree 读书让我们能够安全地享受和庆贺这种 变化与差异 并为我们提供成长的机会 在家里安详平和的环境中与他人的生活 互动 这是阅读小说才享有的特权 我 们甚至感觉到 哪怕只是在一瞬间 我们和异文化读者的共同点或许要多 于我们和家门口随便碰到的一个人的共 同点 我们学会把目光移出我们周围的 环境 投向天边 去领略一下异域风光 Reading books allows to enjoy and celebrate this variety and differences in safety and provides us with an opportunity to grow To interact with other people s lives in the peace and quiet of our homes is a privilege which only reading fiction can afford us We even understand however fleetingly that we have more in common with other readers of books in other cultures than we might do with the first person we meet when we step out of our front doors We learn to look beyond our immediate surroundings to the horizon and a landscape far away from home Interact communicate talk share or exchange information with 互动 Privilege special right or advantage that only you have 特权 Fleeting lasting only for a very short time Have something in common with similarity more similar Look to 朝 看 目光投向 Beyond 超出 Immediate surroundings Surroundings next to you or very near you 目光移出我们的熟悉的 周围环境 we shouldn t just look at the surroundings we know 不能仅仅看我们周围熟悉的环境 Immediate Is there a gas station in the immediate area 附近有加油站吗 最接近的 go beyond limits limitation boundaries scope range confines reach to 超越 horizon and a landscape 天边异域山水 completely different things that we imagine to experience horizon 地平线 landscape 风景 如果我们怀疑读书是否能给我们力量的 话 我们就应该自己去一趟当地的图书 馆或书店 或者 如果我们足够幸运 的话 可以读一读家里书架上的书 我 们会惊奇于古今小说的标题所创造出来 的壮观景象 约翰 斯坦贝克的 愤怒 的葡萄 约翰 欧文的 第四只手 If we ever question the truth of the power of reading books we should take the trouble to go to our local library or bookshop or even if we re fortunate enough to the books on our shelves at home We should wonder at the striking vistas created by the titles of novels ranging from the classics to the most recent The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck The Fourth Hand by John Irving Cancer wonder at be surprised about striking very noticeable or unusual 惹人注目的 显著的 突出的 His striking good looks made him very popular 漂亮的相貌使他很受欢迎 vista a beautiful view 远景 He could see through the windows a vista of green fields 透过窗户他可以看到碧绿的田野风光 惊奇于壮观景象 小说标题创造出来的 亚历山大 索尔仁尼琴的 癌病房 欧内斯特 海明威的 丧钟为谁而鸣 格雷厄姆 格林的 哈瓦那特派员 奥黛丽 尼 芬格的 时间旅行者的妻 子 保罗 托迪的 到也门钓鲑鱼 一旦开始阅读 我们就应该思考一下我 们在书中读到的别样人生 Ward by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn For Whom the Bell Tolls by Ernest Hemingway Our Man in Havana by Graham Greene The Time Traveller s Wife by Audrey Niffenegger of Salmon Fishing in the Yemen by Paul Torday Then we should reflect on the other lives we ll meet once we begin to read classic well known books and considered to be of a high literary standard the classics 古典文学 wrath anger reflect on think deeply about something I have been reflecting on the matter 我一直在考虑这件事 每一本书都有自己的语言 方言 词汇 和语法 我们不见得总能理解其中的每 一个字 每一句话 但不管我们是痴迷 其中 还是觉得被排斥在外 我们的情 感被调动起来了 尽管在地理上有一定 的距离 但其他民族 其他文化未必就 离我们那么遥远 在书里我们可能遇见 生活在不同气候 有不同信仰 来自不 同民族的人 即便是住在同一条街上的 邻居 我们也可能对其一无所知 而只 能通过阅读结识 Every book will have its own language and dialect its own vocabulary and grammar We may not always understand every word or sentence but whether we re enchanted or whether we feel excluded our emotions are nevertheless stimulated Other people and other cultures are not always distant because of geography In a book we may confront people who live in a different climate have different religious beliefs or come from a different ethnic group Even our neighbors down the road may be strangers who we can only meet through books Dialect a form of language spoken in a particular area 方言 Enchanted you feel great delight or pleasure 痴迷 The boy was enchanted with the toy 男孩对这玩具着了迷 Nevertheless but Stimulated full of enthusiasm are encouraged 情感被调动起来 Distant very far away 不会因为地理上的距离而离我们遥远 Confront meet stand in front of 我们面临的困难似乎是不可克服的 the difficulties that confront usseem insuperable Ethnic relating to different racial groups of people 种族的 同一条街上的 living on the same road 对邻居一无所知 小时候 在我们刚刚能听懂别人说话的 时候 书就对我们的生活方式产生了很 大的影响 从父母给孩子读的睡前故事 一直到成年后家中摆满书柜的客厅 书 界定了我们的人生 英国作家 E M 福 斯 特 1879 1970 暗示书对我们具 有另一种更加神秘的支配力 他写道 我认为能影响我们的书籍是那些我们 As soon as we are able to listen books are supremely influential in the way we live From the bedtime story read by a parent to their child all the way through to the sitting room lined with books in our adult homes books define our lives The English writer E M Forster 1879 1970 even hinted at a more mystical power which books possess over us He wrote I suggest that the only books that influence us are those for which we are ready and When we are very young supremely very Influential have a lot of influence over people influence how we live 生活方式 From all the way through to an influential newspaper politician Lined with filled with full of Define 下定义 界定 influence affect greatly Hint at suggest in an indirect way She hinted that I should go 她暗示我应该去 Mystical 神秘的 involving spiritual power 已经准备要读的书 而且这些书在我们 已经选定的道路上走得比我们更远一些 合适的书好像自己就会在恰当的时候 找到我们 出现在我们面前 而不是我 们去寻找那本书 which have gone a little further down our particular path than we have gone ourselves It s as if the right book comes to seek us out at the right moment and offers itself to us it s not us who seek out the book Books have a mystical power over us 书对我们具有另一种更加神秘的支配力 那些我们已经准备要读的书 而且这些书在我们已经选定的道路上走得比我们 更远一些 此处指这些书籍的眼界比我们更高 对我们具有指导性 Higher than us can give us guidance help Seek try to obtain look for 美国修士 牧师及作家托马斯 默顿 1915 1968 曾经被记者一连串地问 了 7 个问题 说出 你最近读完的 3 本 书 你正在读的 3 本书 你打算要读的 书 对你有影响的书 并解释一下理由 一本你觉得每人都要读的书 并解释 一下理由 关于对他有影响的书 他列 出了威廉 布莱克的诗 集 古希腊思 想家和作家写的各种戏剧以及一些宗教 作品 当被问及这些书为何会影响他时 他回 答说 这些书 还有其他类 似的书籍 帮助我找到了人生的真谛 销售就是一切的文化培育了人们无止境 的需求和消极被动 生活充满了困惑和 空虚 而书籍则把我从这种困惑和空虚 中解脱了出来 1947 年 克利夫顿 法迪曼发明了 全垒打书籍 这个词 当一个棒球手 打出一个全垒打时 因为击球有力 打得远 他有时间跑完整个棒球场内的 Thoms Merton 1915 1968 the American monk priest and writer was once asked a series of seven questions by a journalist Name the last three books you have read the three books you are reading now the books you intend to read the books that have influenced you and why a book that everyone should read and why For the books which had influenced him he cited poetic works of William Blake various plays by ancient Greek thinkers and writers and a number of religious writings When asked why they had influenced him he replied These books and others like them have helped me to discover the real meaning of my life and have made it possible for me to get out of the confusion and meaninglessness of an existence completely immersed in the needs and passivities fostered by a culture in which sales are everything In 1947 Clifton Fadiman coined the term home run book When a baseball player hits a home run he hits the ball so hard and so far he s able to run round the four bases of the diamond and score points not only for himself but for the Monk 修道士 priest 牧师 A journalist asked this person seven questions Cite 引用 给出 quote or mention especially as an example or proof 诗歌 戏剧 思想家 宗教作品 找到人生的意义 真谛 解脱出来 Confusion 困惑 Meaninglessness 空虚 存在的空虚和困惑 immersed in 过去分词作定语 深陷于 这种空虚和困惑存在于 needs 需求和 pasivities 被动中 fostered 过去分词作定语 被 培育 文化 定语从句 销售就是一切 这些书帮我找到人生的意义 把我从需求和被动中的空虚和困惑中解脱出来 这种空虚和困惑是有销售就是一切培育出来的 销售就是一切培育了空虚和困惑 书能够把人从这种空虚和困惑中解脱出来 Coin the first person to say the term 硬币 创造 杜撰 发明 全垒打书 棒球运动员 全垒打 击球 垒 Diamond 棒球球场球场 内野 Score Mary scored the highest marks on the cultural exchange foster friendly relations nations Cultural exchange will help foster friendly relations between our two nations 四个垒 不仅自己得分 而且还能帮其 他各个垒的跑垒者得分 这是棒球赛里 最有趣和最开心的事情 同样 一本 全垒打书籍 指的不是儿童第一次读 书的经历 而是指他第一次读到一本给 他带来极大愉悦和满足感的书以至于让 他爱不释 手的经历 对世界上数以亿 计的儿童来说 全垒打书籍 的最典 型的例子就是 哈利波特 系列 故事 other runners already on a base It s the most enjoyable and satisfying event in a baseball game Likewise a home run book describes not the child s first reading experience but the first time they