高一英语人教新课标 必修3 UNIT4 导学案答案

Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 1 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars 单单 元元 学学 习习 目目 标标 导导 航航 类别 新课标要求掌握的项目 话 题 1 Talk about the science of the stars the development of life and space travel and gravity 2 Practise giving instructions and talking abut problems in study or life 单 词 astronomy atmosphere system violent solid explode carbon dioxide oxygen surface planet harmful development spread method depend exist presence telescope disappoint disappointed publish publishing gravity force gradually cheer float mass 词 语 词 组 solar system in time prevent from depend on cheer up now that get the hang of break out give birth to watch out block out carbon dioxide 功 能 1 Talk about the science of the stars the development of life and space travel and gravity Where do we come from How did the universe begin How will it end Why is the universe the way it was How much do you know about universe Do you know something about gravity about black holes 2 Giving instructions Please look at listen to Please check that You need Please pay attention to Don t forget to You d better Make sure you Watch out for You mustn t 3 Talking about problems in study or life My problem trouble is The difficulty question is My advice suggestion is What I think about it is The fact is 语 法 主语从句 What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down water began to appear on its surface 班级 姓名 小组 第一课时第一课时 warming up 气氛 环境 Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 4 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 We live in an atmosphere of freedom 我们生活在自由的环境中 He is fond of the atmosphere of peace and calm in the country 他喜欢乡间的和平宁静的气氛 巩固提高巩固提高 Completely lost in the exciting of the football match Tom didn t feel his pocket picked A scene B view C atmosphere D sight 4 What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down water began to appear on its surface cool down cool down 变凉变凉 冷却冷却 晒了一天的太阳之后 他喜欢在海水中凉快一下 After a day in the sun he liked to in the sea 他的话平息了她的怒气 His words her anger 5 What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas 很多科学家相信 由于地球上长期有水存在 它使得地球得以把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体和酸性物质很多科学家相信 由于地球上长期有水存在 它使得地球得以把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体和酸性物质 溶解在海洋里 溶解在海洋里 1 What believe 是主语从句 what 在主语从句中作宾语 2 presence n 存在 出席 到场 反义词 absence She was so quiet that her was hardly noticed 她一声不响 几乎没人留意到她在场 相关链接相关链接 in one s presence in the presence of sb 在 面前 当着 的面 3 harmful adj 有害的 伤害的 Your smoking can be harmful to the health of your children 你吸烟会危害到你小孩的健康 We should wipe out harmful insects 我们应该消灭害虫 归纳拓展 harm n she is tall and her mother is very short 5 Efficiency 效率 would be m several times Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 5 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 6 Wide differences of character 存在 even in children of the same family 7 The 气氛 of the meeing is very friendly 8 She asked them not to discuss the matter in her 在场 9 One cannot e without air 二 单项选择 1 The custom of arranged marriage still in many countries A appears B lays C lives D exists 2 China is a country but America is a country A developing developing B developed developed C developing developed D developed developing 3 he can pass the entrance examination is quite uncertain A If B Whether C That D What 4 makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services A What B Who C Whatever D Whoever 5 What we used to think impossible now does seem possible A is B was C has been D will be 6 As the busiest woman in Norton she made her duty to look after all the other people s affairs in that town A this B that C one D it 班级 姓名 小组 第三课时第三课时 reading 自主学习学案自主学习学案 7 Many millions of years later the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water 好好 几百万年以后 水的表面开始出现了极小的植物 几百万年以后 水的表面开始出现了极小的植物 million n 使使 诞生诞生 Mary gave birth to a healthy baby girl 玛丽生了个健康的女婴 Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 6 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 She died shortly after giving birth 她生下孩子后不久便死了 10 Thus they have in their turn become the most important animals on the planet 于是 它们接着成为这个行星上最重要的动物 于是 它们接着成为这个行星上最重要的动物 in one s turn 轮到某人 接着轮到某人 接着 相关拓展相关拓展 B 级级 It is was one s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事轮到某人做某事 in turn 反之 反过来 反之 反过来 依次相继地依次相继地 take turns to do take turns doing sth 轮流做某事轮流做某事 by turns 轮流轮流 11 Finally about 2 6 million years ago some small clever animal now with hands and feet appeared and spread all over the earth 最后 大约 最后 大约 260 万年前 一些小而机灵的 现在有手脚的动物出现并遍布了整个地球 万年前 一些小而机灵的 现在有手脚的动物出现并遍布了整个地球 spread vt 使伸展 延伸 vi 消息等 传开 流行 spread spread spread Mum spread a new cloth on the table when we had dinner 我们吃饭时妈在桌子上铺铺上一条新桌布 The news spread through the school quickly 消息很快传遍学校 The fire spread from the factory to the house nearby 火从工厂蔓延至附近的房舍 巩固提高巩固提高 Papermaking began in China and from here it to other countries A spread B grew C carried D developed 12 They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which prevents heat escaping from the earth into space 它们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中 这使得地球上的热量不能释放到太空中 它们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中 这使得地球上的热量不能释放到太空中 1 too much 太多 可在句中作主语 表语 定语和状语 作定语时只修饰不可数名词 若修饰可数名词复 数 须用 too many 作状语时 只修饰动词 He was often ill because he ate and drank too much 他曾因饮食过量而常常生病 This washn t the first time Linda had taken too many pills 琳达吃药过多这已不是第一次了 相关链接相关链接 too much 的中心词为 much 过于 太多 作定语 后接不可数名词 还可单独用作主语 表语 状语等 much too 的中心词为 too 极其 非常 后接形容词或副词 如 The problem is much too difficult for me to work out 这道题非常难 我算不出来 I m afraid the gift may be much too expensive 恐怕这个礼物太贵了 You are asking too much 你问的太多了 I m afraid I ve put you too much trouble 我怕太麻烦你了 巩固提高巩固提高 Allen had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home A much too heavy B too much heavy C heavy too much D too heavy much 2 prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 from 可省略 但用于被动语态时 from 不能省略 Nothing can prevent us from going 什么也阻挡不了我们去 I was prevented from starting by the bad weather 坏天气使我不能动身 巩固提高巩固提高 He had a best way price from keeping A preventing raising B to prevent raising C preventing rising D to stop rising 相关链接相关链接 阻止某人做某事 阻止某人做某事 keep sb from doing sth 此处的 from 不能省略 阻止某人做某事 stop prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 注意注意 在被动语态中 三个短语中的 在被动语态中 三个短语中的 from 都不能省略 都不能省略 短语拓展短语拓展 protect from 表示 保护 不受 侵袭 挡住 防御 from 后接能带来伤害或损害之物 巩固提高巩固提高 1 All the visitors were stopped prevented kept from entering the building 所有参观者都被阻止进入那座大楼 2 An umbrella will protect you from the rain 雨伞可以保护你不至于淋雨 3 We must take measures to stop the river from by the factories A being polluted B polluting C polluted D been polluted 13 So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved 因此 因此 生命能否再在地球上延续几百万年将取决于这个问题能否被解决 生命能否再在地球上延续几百万年将取决于这个问题能否被解决 1 depend on 取决于 决定于 Your success d depends on whether you work hard or not 你的成功取决于你是否努力工作 Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 7 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 The price d depends on the quality 价格得依质量而定 依赖 依靠 不用于进行时 Children d depend on their parents for food and clothing 小孩依赖他们的父母供给衣食 Good health d depends on good food exercise and getting enough sleep 良好的健康依赖良好的食物 运动和充足的睡眠 He depends on his pen for living 他靠笔杆 写作 为生 信任 信赖 He is a man to be depended on 他是个靠的住的人 his coming I depend on 我相信他会来 it that he will come 归纳拓展归纳拓展 that depends it a11 depends 单独使用或置于句首 视情况而定 I may help him but that depends 我也许会帮助他 但那得视情况而定 It depends how you deal with the problem 那要看你如何应付这问题而定 2 本句中有两个 本句中有两个 whether 引导的从句 第一个是引导的从句 第一个是主语主语从句 第二个从句则作介词从句 第二个从句则作介词 on 的的宾语宾语 Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen 究竟对我们有害还是有利究竟对我们有害还是有利 还要等着瞧 还要等着瞧 I don t know whether you like flowers or not 我不知道你是不是喜欢花 我不知道你是不是喜欢花 课堂小测 一 单词拼写 1 The illness is spreading through the village 2 What puzzles 使迷惑 me is why they did not show up 3 Every night he observes the space through a telescope 4 By the time they reached the top of the mountain they were exhausting 精疲力尽 5 There is a big underground railway system 系统 in London which is good for travelers 6 Zhang Heng was one of the most famous Chinese astronermer in the world 7 The mammals multiplied 繁殖 when the animals harmful to them disappeared 二二 翻译下面短语翻译下面短语 15 分分 1 太阳系 solar system 2 及时 总有一天 in time 3 阻止 制止 prevent from 4 依靠 信赖 depend on 5 感到高兴 cheer up 6 既然 由于 now that 7 一般而言 generally speaking 8 熟悉 掌握 get the hang of 9 突发 爆发 break out 10 与 不同 be different from 11 冷却 cool down 12 全球变暖 global warming 13 二氧化碳 carbon dioxide 14 在表面上 on the surface 15 好象 as if 三 用以上短语的正确形式填空用以上短语的正确形式填空 10 分分 1 It was almost midnight that a fire broke out in the neighborhood 2 Now that you are here why not have a drink 3 Did you catch your plane Yes we got there just in time 4 The dish tastes good after it cools down 5 Will you go fishing this afternoon Well it all depends on the weather 6 After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves 7 The fans cheered up when they saw the famous film stars arrive 8 Country life is quite different from city life 9 We should find some ways to prevent the harmful gas from spreading 10 Generally speaking women cry more easily than men 班级 姓名 小组 第四课时第四课时 Learning about Language Teaching Goals 1 To get Ss to know how to use new words and phrases 2 To help Ss to master some new words and expressions climate weather crash 1 Since the last ice age the climate of the earth has not changed very much 自上一个冰川季以来 地球上的气自上一个冰川季以来 地球上的气 候已经没有太大的变化 候已经没有太大的变化 句中的 since the last ice age 做时间状语 其中 climate 作名词 意思是 气候 This plant is already conditioned to the northern climate 这一作物已适应了北方气候 weather 是名词 天气 例如 What is the weather like 天气怎么样 Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 8 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 用 weather 或 climate 填空 1 The weather forecast said it would fine all day 2 Los Angeles has a warm dry climate 3 I m playing golf this afternoon weather permitting 4 These flowers will not grow in a cold climate 2 Other scientists believe that a comet crashed into the earth long ago and caused the disappearance 其他科其他科 学家相信 很久以前 一颗小行星撞击了地球 导致了恐龙的消失 学家相信 很久以前 一颗小行星撞击了地球 导致了恐龙的消失 1 本句是复合句 其中 that a comet crashed into the earth long ago and caused the disappearance 是由 that 引导的宾语从句宾语从句 2 句中的 crash vi 碰撞 倒下 坠落 并构成词组 crash into 撞入 坠入 闯进 Parts of the satellite crashed into the sea 部分卫星坠入了海里 班级 姓名 小组 Grammar 预习学案 第五课时 预习学案 第五课时 学习目标 学习目标 1 语言目标 Language aims Get the students to study noun clauses 2 能力目标 Ability aims Enbale students to use noun clauses correctly and properly 重点重点 key points How to use noun clauses as the subject correctly and properly 难点 difficult points How to use noun clauses as the object and the predicative correctly and properly 学习方法 learning method 根据学案所给例句认真阅读并理解掌握主语从句的用法 StepI 定义 在复合句中作主语主语 的从句叫主语从句 引导主语从句的连接词主要有 连接代词 who whom what 连接副 词 when where how why 及连词 that whether StepII 连接词的选用 that 和 what 的选用 that 和 what 都可引导名词性从句名词性从句 what 除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中充当某些成分可作从句的主 语 宾语或表语 而 that 在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 无词义 只起连接词作用 What he wants is a book 他想要的是一本书 That light travels in straight lines is known to all 众所周知 光线沿直线运行 if 和 whether 的选用 引导主语从句 不能用 if 只能用 whether 如 Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather 我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定 其它连接代词和副词的选用 根据主语从句的具体意义 选择 who which when where why how 等连接词 这些连接词既有疑问含义 又起连接作用 同时在从句中充当各种成分 如 When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear 还不清楚昨天谁打破了玻璃 Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference 你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别 whatever whoever 的功用 whatever whoever 在主语从句中不含疑问意义 它引导主语从句 并在从句中作主语 宾语 表语等 whatever anything that whoever anyone who 要注意和 whatever whoever 引导的让步状语从句的区别 B 级 Whoever breaks the law should be punished 主语主语从句 Anyone who breaks the law should be punished Whoever breaks the law he should be punished 让步状语让步状语从句 No matter who breaks the law he should be punished 2 it 构成的主语从句 由连词 that 引导的主语从句 为避免主语显得过长 在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面 而用代词 it 作形式主语 It is well known that the earth moves around the sun 众所周知 地球围绕太阳转 Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 9 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 C 级 需要注意的是 it 作形式主语代替主语从句时 要注意和 as 引导的定语从句的区别 比较 It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack 主语从句 有 that 无逗号 As was reported the US was under the terrorist attack 定语从句 无 that 有逗号 上两句意为 据报道 美国遭到恐怖分子的袭击 常见用 it 作形式主语的复合句结构 It is a fact a good idea a pity a shame no wonder good news that 如 It s a pity that you missed the film 你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了 B 级 It is reported well known hoped thought said believed suggested ordered that It is said that he was killed in the earthquake 据说他在地震中丧生了 C 级 It is necessary clear true strange important wonderful possible likely that 需要注意 的是 这类主语从句中谓语动词多为 should 动词原形 即要用虚拟语气 It is necessary that you should master the computer 你很有必要掌握电脑 It is important that a student learn English well 学生学好英语很重要 It s clear that they badly need help 很明显 他们急需援助 It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon 飓风很可能马上就要到达了 It seems happened appears doesn t matter makes no difference that 如 It seems that they will win the game 看起来他们好像会赢得这场比赛 It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not 他是否会参加会议都无关紧要 StepIII 主语从句中应注意的几点 1 主语从句的语序 主语从句要求使用陈述语序陈述语序 而非一般疑问句语序 如 What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well 使我感到惊讶的是这个小女孩的小提琴拉得太好了 How he was successful is still a puzzle 他是如何成功的仍然是个谜 2 主句谓语动词的选用 从句作主语时 主句的谓语动词用单数形式单数形式 That Beijing is the capital of China is known to everyone 人人都知道中国的首都是北京 3 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首 It is said reported 结构中的主语从句不可提前 例如 It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said It happens occurs 结构中的主语从句不可提前 例如 It occurred to him that he failed in the examination That he failed in the examination occurred to him It doesn t matter how whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前 例如 It doesn t matter whether he is wrong or not Whether he is wrong or not doesn t matter 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时 主语从句不可提前 例如 Is it likely that it will rain in the evening Is that will rain in the evening likely 随堂小测 一 指出下列为何种从句 1 What he wants is a book 2 Please tell me who your monitor is 3 This is why he did it 4 Do you agree to the suggestion that we should have a trip in Tibet 5 That he wants a book is certain 6 I suggested just now we should take part in this competition 主语从句是 1 5 宾语从句为 2 6 表语从句为 3 同位语从句 4 二 单项选择 makes mistakes must correct them A What B That C Whoever D Whatever It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 10 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 A while B that C if D for When and why he came here yet A is not known B are not known C has not known D have not been known surprised me most was such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well A That what B What that C That which D What which 5 There is no doubt A that Mr Hansen is in good health B whether is Mr Hansen healthy C if Mr Hansen s health was returning D whether Mr Hansen in health 6 You can t imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents A how they were excited B how excited they were C how excited were they D they were how excited 7 is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language A There B This C That D It 8 we can t get seems better than we have A What what B What that C That that D That what 9 we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather A If B Whether C That D Where 10 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week Is that you had a few days off A why B when C what D where 11 Mary looks unhappy all the morning She seemed the bad news A to have told B to be told C to have been told D to having been 12 fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect A What B That C This D Which 13 It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out of the atmosphere today A that B when C what D how 14 makes the factory famous is more than 90 of its products have been exported abroad A What because B That because C That what D What that 15 has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever 16 It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants A however B whatever C whichever D whenever 17 you don t like him is none of my business A What B Who C That D Whether 18 in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e mail account A What is required B What requires C It is required D It requires 19 Is it true the rain stops it will be as hot as in the summer here A when B that when C whenever D that 20 It is generally believed teaching is a science A as B which C What D that 21 he said interested me greatly A What B That C It D As 22 is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language A There B This C That D It 23 parents say and do has a life long effect on their children A That B Which C What D As 班级 姓名 小组 第六课时第六课时 Using language 学学习习目目标标 1 语言目标 Language aims 1 重点词汇和短语 spaceship pull weight float cheer up now that break out 2 重点句子 When we get closer to the moon we shall feel its gravity pulling us but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth s P30 Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed P31 We watched amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship the earth s gravity increased P31 2 能力目标 Ability goals a Discuss the three ways in which gravity changed on the moon and some information about black holes b Discuss the questions about the passage Lost years are worse than lost dollar 一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金 寸金难买寸光阴 寸金难买寸光阴 Page 11 of 16 No day without its line 拳不离手 曲不离口拳不离手 曲不离口 How did gravity change on the moon Wha