统计软件SAS简介及程序示例ppt课件.ppt

统计软件SAS简介及程序范例 1 SAS2 试验统计方法 教材例题的SAS程序及运行结果 1 SAS简介 SAS StatisticalAnalysisSystem 统计分析系统 是当今国际上著名的数据分析软件系统 其基本部分是SAS BASE软件 20世纪60年代末期 由美国北卡罗纳州州立大学 NorthCarolinaStateUniversity 的A J Barr和J H Goodnight两位教授开始开发 1975年创建了美国SAS研究所 SASInstituteInc 之后 推出的SAS系统 始终以领先的技术和可靠的支持著称于世 通过不断发展和完善 目前已成为大型集成应用软件系统 SAS系统具有统计分析方法丰富 信息储存简单 语言编程能力强 能对数据连续处理 使用简单等特点 SAS是一个出色的统计分析系统 它汇集了大量的统计分析方法 从简单的描述统计到复杂的多变量分析 编制了大量的使用简便的统计分析过程 SAS系统运行的几个重要前提条件 一 SAS系统运行时要同时打开的文件较多 因此在微型计算机的系统配置文件CONFIG SYS中应指定或以上 二 SAS系统软件有时间租期限制 因此只有机器时间 DATE 在软件有效期内才能运行 时间租期取决于SAS出售版本日期 即所谓的SAS诞生日 BIRTHDAY 三 SAS系统应全部安装到硬盘的SAS子目录下 硬盘应至少有10M空间 SASforWindows的启动与退出 一 启动SASforWindows的启动 按如下步骤进行 开机后 直接用鼠标双击桌面上SAS系统的快捷键图标 自动显示主画面 即可进入SAS系统 二 退出当用完SASforWindows 需要退出时 可以单击 File 选择 Exit 或者 单击 关闭 按钮 立即显示 如果确认需要退出SASforWindows 单击确定按钮 如果需要继续使用SASforWindows 单击取消按钮 2 试验统计方法 教材例题的SAS程序及运行结果 t测验方差分析直线回归分析协方差分析 t检验 样本平均数与总体平均数的差异显著性检验配对试验资料的t检验非配对试验资料的t检验 样本平均数与总体平均数的差异显著性检验 例4 3 datatestt1 inputx differ x 27 5 cards 32 528 628 424 729 127 229 833 329 7 procmeansnmeanstderrtprt run 运行结果 TheMEANSProcedureVariableNMeanStdErrortValuePr t x929 25555560 862346833 93 0001differ91 75555560 86234682 040 0762 配对试验资料的t检验 例4 7 datatestt2 inputtreatx1x2 differ x1 x2 cards 12722 2951 422866 71417 032675 91275 342169 22228 552253 92462 662415 12715 4 procmeansmeanstderrtprt vardiffer run 运行结果 TheMEANSProcedureAnalysisVariable differMeanStdErrortValuePr t 675 4666667391 52539521 730 1451 非配对试验资料的t检验 例4 5 datatestt3 inputvarietyx cards 118 68120 67118 42118 00117 44115 95218 68223 22221 42219 00218 92 procttest classvariety varx run 运行结果 TheTTESTProcedureT TestsVariableMethodVariancesDFtValuePr t xPooledEqual9 1 920 0868xSatterthwaiteUnequal7 51 1 870 1001EqualityofVariancesVariableMethodNumDFDenDFFValuePr FxFoldedF451 660 5880 方差分析 单因素完全随机化试验重复数相等资料单因素完全随机化试验重复数不等资料两因素交叉分组试验单独观测值资料两因素交叉分组试验有重复观测值资料次级样本含量相等的二因素系统分组资料单因素随机区组设计试验资料拉丁方设计试验结果两因素随机区组设计试验资料两因素裂区设计试验资料 单因素完全随机化试验重复数相等资料的方差分析 教材 例5 3 dataanova1 inputvarietyx cards 11211011411611211828210212214212216314316313316310315416418420416414416 procanova classvariety modelx variety meansvariety duncan run 运行结果 TheANOVAProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesvariety41234Numberofobservations24 TheANOVAProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel367 166666722 38888893 430 0369Error20130 66666676 5333333CorrectedTotal23197 8333333R SquareCoeffVarRootMSExMean0 33951118 149392 55603914 08333SourceDFAnovaSSMeanSquareFValuePr Fvariety367 1666666722 388888893 430 0369 TheANOVAProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom20ErrorMeanSquare6 533333NumberofMeans234CriticalRange3 0783 2313 328 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNvarietyA16 66764ABA14 00063BABA13 66761BB12 00062 单因素完全随机化试验重复数不等资料的方差分析 教材 例5 4 dataanova2 inputvarietyx cards 121 5119 5120 0122 0118 0120 0216 0218 5217 0215 5220 0216 0319 0317 5320 0318 0317 0421 0418 5419 0420 0515 5518 0517 0516 0 procglm classvariety modelx variety meansvariety duncan run 运行结果 TheGLMProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesvariety512345Numberofobservations25 TheGLMProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel446 4983333311 624583335 990 0025Error2038 841666671 94208333CorrectedTotal2485 34000000R SquareCoeffVarRootMSExMean0 5448607 5656161 39358718 42000SourceDFTypeISSMeanSquareFValuePr Fvariety446 4983333311 624583335 990 0025SourceDFTypeIIISSMeanSquareFValuePr Fvariety446 4983333311 624583335 990 0025 TheGLMProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom20ErrorMeanSquare1 942083HarmonicMeanofCellSizes4 83871NOTE Cellsizesarenotequal NumberofMeans2345CriticalRange1 8691 9622 0212 062 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNvarietyA20 166761AA19 625044ABA18 300053BB17 166762BB16 625045 两因素交叉分组试验单独观测值资料的方差分析 教材 例5 5 dataanova3 inputfieldmethodx cards 117112731377219022902392315932703380417542804382516552605367618262866385 procanova classfieldmethod modelx fieldmethod meansfieldmethod duncan run 运行结果 TheANOVAProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesfield6123456method3123Numberofobservations18 TheANOVAProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel71576 555556225 22222213 970 0002Error10161 22222216 122222CorrectedTotal171737 777778R SquareCoeffVarRootMSExMean0 9072255 2221444 01524976 88889SourceDFAnovaSSMeanSquareFValuePr Ffield51435 111111287 02222217 800 0001method2141 44444470 7222224 390 0429 TheANOVAProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom10ErrorMeanSquare16 12222NumberofMeans23456CriticalRange7 3057 6337 8277 9518 033 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNfieldA90 66732ABA84 33336BBC79 00034CDC73 66731DDE69 66733EE64 00035 TheANOVAProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom10ErrorMeanSquare16 12222NumberofMeans23CriticalRange5 1655 398 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNmethodA80 50063ABA76 50062BB73 66761 两因素交叉分组试验有重复观测值资料的方差分析 教材 例5 6 dataanova4 inputdensityfertx cards 112712261331143015251129122513301430152511261224133014311526112612291331143015242130222823312432252821302227233124342529212822262330243325282129222523322432252731333233333534353530313332343333343435293134323433373433353131323235333534353530 procanova classdensityfert modelx densityfertdensity fert meansdensityfert duncan meansdensity fert lsd run 运行结果 TheANOVAProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesdensity3123fert512345Numberofobservations60 TheANOVAProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel14573 333333340 952381033 51Fdensity2315 8333333157 9166667129 20 0001fert4207 166666751 791666742 38 0001density fert850 33333336 29166675 150 0001 TheANOVAProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom45ErrorMeanSquare1 222222NumberofMeans23CriticalRange 7041 7405 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNdensityA33 2500203B29 5000202C27 7500201 TheANOVAProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom45ErrorMeanSquare1 222222NumberofMeans2345CriticalRange0 9090 9560 9871 009 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNfertA32 4167124AA32 1667123B29 7500121C28 8333122 TheANOVAProcedureLevelofLevelof x densityfertNMeanStdDev11427 00000001 4142135612426 00000002 1602469013430 50000000 5773502714430 25000000 5000000015425 00000000 8164965821429 25000000 9574271122426 50000001 2909944523431 00000000 8164965824432 75000000 9574271125428 00000000 8164965831433 00000000 8164965832434 00000000 8164965833435 00000001 6329931634434 25000000 9574271135430 00000000 81649658 次级样本含量相等的二因素系统分组资料的方差分析 例5 7 dataanova5 inputplantleafx cards 1112 11112 11212 81212 82114 42114 42214 72214 53123 13123 43228 13228 8 procanova classplantleaf modelx plantleaf plant meansplant duncan run 运行结果 TheANOVAProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesplant3123leaf212Numberofobservations12 TheANOVAProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel5444 350000088 87000001720 06Fplant2416 7800000208 39000004033 35 0001leaf plant 327 57000009 1900000177 87 0001 TheANOVAProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom6ErrorMeanSquare0 051667NumberofMeans23CriticalRange 3933 4076 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNplantA25 850043B14 500042C12 450041 单因素随机区组设计试验资料的分析 教材 例10 1 dataanova6 inputvariety blockx cards A115 3B118 0C116 6D116 4E113 7F117 0D217 3F217 6E213 6C217 8A214 9B217 6C317 6A316 2F318 2B318 6D317 3E313 9B418 3D417 8A416 2E414 0F417 5C417 8 procglm classvarietyblock modelx varietyblock meansvariety duncan run 运行结果 TheGLMProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesvariety6ABCDEFblock41234Numberofobservations24 TheGLMProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel855 058333336 8822916751 75Fvariety552 3783333310 4756666778 76 0001block32 680000000 893333336 720 0043 TheGLMProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom15ErrorMeanSquare0 133NumberofMeans23456Criticalrange 5496 5762 5927 6039 6120 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNvarietyA18 12504BB17 57504FBB17 45004CBB17 20004DC15 65004AD13 80004E 拉丁方设计试验结果的分析 教材 例10 3 dataanova7 inputnd rowcolx cards C1110 1A127 9B139 8E147 1D159 6A217 0D2210 0E237 0C249 7B259 1E317 6C329 7D3310 0B349 3A356 8D4110 5B429 6C439 8A446 6E457 9B518 9E528 9A538 6D5410 6C5510 1 procglm classndrowcol modelx ndrowcol meansnd duncan run 运行结果 TheGLMProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesnd5ABCDErow512345col512345Numberofobservations25 TheGLMProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel1235 503200002 9586000010 880 0001Error123 263200000 27193333CorrectedTotal2438 76640000R SquareCoeffVarRootMSExMean0 9158245 8671500 5214728 888000SourceDFTypeISSMeanSquareFValuePr Fnd432 206400008 0516000029 61 0001row42 170400000 542600002 000 1594col41 126400000 281600001 040 4286 TheGLMProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom12ErrorMeanSquare0 271933NumberofMeans2345CriticalRange 7186 7522 7725 7860 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNndA10 14005DABA9 88005CBB9 34005BC7 70005ECC7 38005A 两因素随机区组设计试验资料的方差分析 例10 5 dataanova7 inputabblockx cards 32110 012111 021119 041117 022120 011112 031119 042111 022219 011213 041216 012210 03228 021216 04229 031218 041315 03237 021312 031316 011313 012313 022317 04238 0 procglm classabblock modelx abblocka b meansaba b duncan run 运行结果 TheGLMProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesa41234b212block3123Numberofobservations24 TheGLMProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel9332 625000036 958333317 06Fa398 791666732 930555615 200 0001b177 041666777 041666735 56 0001block220 333333310 16666674 690 0276a b3136 458333345 486111120 99 0001 TheGLMProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom14ErrorMeanSquare2 166667NumberofMeans234CriticalRange1 8231 9101 964 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNaA17 166762B13 000063BB12 666764BB12 000061 TheGLMProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom14ErrorMeanSquare2 166667NumberofMeans2CriticalRange1 289 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNbA15 5000121B11 9167122 TheGLMProcedureLevelofLevelof x abNMeanStdDev11312 66666670 5773502712311 33333331 5275252321315 66666673 5118845822318 66666671 5275252331317 66666671 527525233238 33333331 5275252341316 00000001 000000004239 33333331 52752523 两因素裂区设计试验资料方差分析 教材 例10 6 dataanova8 inputabblockx cards 11139 811238 511339 112143 312243 512346 513155 913269 713363 814152 614257 514357 721127 521227 121326 822144 822248 822347 623148 723244 523348 624141 724237 224336 531126 531225 831326 332135 432234 532336 333142 033244 333343 634139 134239 634344 3 procglm classabblock modelx blockaa blockba b meansaba b duncan run 运行结果 TheGLMProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuesa3123b41234block3123Numberofobservations36 TheGLMProcedureDependentVariable xSumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel173765 737222221 51395433 39Fblock217 1372228 5686111 290 2991a21309 723889654 86194498 71 0001a block440 50111110 1252781 530 2368b31975 956667658 65222299 28 0001a b6422 41833370 40305610 61 0001 TheGLMProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom18ErrorMeanSquare6 634167NumberofMeans23CriticalRange2 2092 318 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNaA50 658121B39 983122C36 475123 TheGLMProcedureDuncan sMultipleRangeTestforxNOTE ThistestcontrolstheTypeIcomparisonwiseerrorrate nottheexperimentwiseerrorrate Alpha0 05ErrorDegreesofFreedom18ErrorMeanSquare6 634167NumberofMeans234CriticalRange2 5512 6762 756 Meanswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifferent DuncanGroupingMeanNbA51 23393B45 13394C42 30092D30 82291 TheGLMProcedureLevelofLevelof x abNMeanStdDev11339 13333330 6506407112344 43333331 7925772913363 13333336 9241124614355 93333332 8884828821327 13333330 3511884622347 06666672 0526405823347 26666672 3965252624338 46666672 8219378731326 20000000 3605551332335 40000000 9000000033343 30000001 1789826134341 00000002 86879766 直线回归分析 教材 例7 1 datareg1 inputxy cards 35 51234 11631 7940 3236 8740 2331 71339 2944 2 1 procregcorr modely x run 运行结果 TheREGProcedureCorrelationVariablexyx1 0000 0 8371y 0 83711 0000 TheREGProcedureModel MODEL1DependentVariable yAnalysisofVarianceSumofMeanSourceDFSquaresSquareFValuePr FModel1174 88878174 8887816 400 0049Error774 6667810 66668CorrectedTotal8249 55556RootMSE3 26599R Square0 7008DependentMean7 77778AdjR Sq0 6581CoeffVar41 99128 ParameterEstimatesParameterStandardVariableDFEstimateErrortValuePr t Intercept148 5493210 127794 790 0020 x1 1 099620 27157 4 050 0049 协方差分析 教材 例9 3 dataanaocov1 inputtreatxy cards 13689130801267412380126851306812073119681208011658228642278122773224672257722367220642186521759220573285533362326583225832366320553226032371318553174843252423584276442362427544285442055424444195141751 procglm classtreat modely xtreat solution meanstreat duncan lsmeanstreat stderrpdifftdiff run 运行结果 TheGLMProcedureClassLevelInformationClassLevelsValuestreat41234Numberofobservations40 TheGLMProcedureDependentVariable ySumofSourceDFSquaresMeanSquareFValuePr FModel43086 892991771 72