海洋工程英语

海洋平台技术词汇 第 1 页 共 59 页 AB be subject to 经受 in duplicate一分两式 to be buttered 焊接的 长肉 to drive piles打桩 4 1 taperd transition bevel四比一过渡坡口 A A resulting form B由 B 导致 A A 60 fire doorA 60 级防火门 abrasive 喷砂用的 磨料 abrasive paper砂纸 AC generator交流发电机 AC motor 交流发动机 accelerated corrosion testing加速腐蚀试验 acceptance criteria合格准则 access hole for welding cope hole 焊接 工艺孔 accommodation and power platform APP 生活动力平台 according to in accordance with in line with as per in the light of 按照 acetylene gas乙炔 acid electrode酸性焊条 acid proof cement防酸水泥 additive添加剂 adhere to遵守 动词 adherence to遵守 名词 adjacent columns相邻立柱 adverse combination of loads荷载的不利组合 海洋平台技术词汇 第 2 页 共 59 页 adverse condition不利条件 aeronautical radio system航空无线电 AFC approved for construction 建造批准 aforementioned上述的 aft winch船艉绞车 agitator搅拌器 a hundred year return period百年一遇 air blower鼓风机 air compressor空压机 air driven pump气动泵 air hoister气动绞车 air manifold气包 air tight test气密性试验 aircraft obstruction beacon航空障碍灯 air hose风带 alarm buzzer报警蜂鸣器 alarm horn报警喇叭 aliphatic polyurethanel脂肪族聚氨脂漆 allowable working stress许用应力 Aluminum alloy anode铝合金阳极 Aluminum ingot铝锭 aluminum paint银粉漆 aluminum sheet铝皮 ambient air temperature环境气度 ambient temperature环境温度 anchor block地锚块 anchor bolt地脚螺拴 anchor ground 锚地 anchor pile锚桩 海洋平台技术词汇 第 3 页 共 59 页 anchor profile pattern涂桩表面的粗糙度 anchor rack锚架 anchoring buoy锚泊浮筒 angle of incidence入射角 angle of reflection折射角 angle probe method超声波斜射探伤 angle steel角钢 angle valve角阀 anode core阳极芯子 anode end face geometry阳极端面几何形状 anode life阳极寿命 anode potential阳极电位 anode stand off post支架式阳极的立柱 anodic resistance阳极电阻 anticorrosive paint防锈漆 anti electrostatic floor防静电地板 antipollution measures防污染措施 API specified requirementsAPI 规定的要求 apparent batter视斜度 applicable API specificationAPI 适用范围 approach departure sector直升飞机起落扇行区 appurtenance attachment accessory auxiliary 附件 arc air gouging碳弧气刨 arc cutting电弧切割 arc strike弧击 argon arc welding氩弧焊 argon arc welding machine氩弧焊机 articulated tower mooring system铰接塔系泊系统 海洋平台技术词汇 第 4 页 共 59 页 artificial island人工岛 as per按照 as built完工 as built dossier完工资料 as built drawing完工图 as built drawing完工图 as rolled轧制状态 assemble组装 动词 assembly组装 名词 associated gas伴生气 at the option of A按 A 的意愿 Atmospheric diving system unpressurized diving system 常压潜水系统 atmospheric vent放空管 attachments附件 auto fire alarm system火灾自动报警系统 automatic spraying system自动喷淋系统 B back chipping清根 back gouging反面气刨 backing weld打底焊道 backpressure regulator self contained 背压式调节阀 自力式 backwash return pump反冲洗回流泵 backwash surge tank反冲洗罐 backwash tank反冲洗水罐 Ball hardness布式硬度 ball valve球阀 bar 截面较小的 圆钢方钢六角 钢等 bar chart 统计用的柱状图 海洋平台技术词汇 第 5 页 共 59 页 barge bumper靠船件 barge strength and stability驳船强度及稳性 barrel 管件的 加厚段 base metal母材 基本金属 basic design基本设计 basic drawing基本设计图 basic electrode lime type covered electrode碱性焊条 battery room蓄电池间 beam depth梁高 beam path distance超声波发射程距 bearing strength of the ground地基承载力 bearing stress支撑应力 before welding is initiated始焊前 bending moment弯矩 bending stress弯曲应力 bevel坡口 bevel angle坡口面角度 beveling chamfering开坡口 bid tender for 投标 bid ddrawing招标图纸 bid drawing招标图纸 bilge fire pump舱底污水 消防两用泵 bilge alarm system污水报警系统 blast cleaning喷砂除锈 blind flange盲法兰 blind spectacle flange快速盲法兰 blow count打桩的锤击数 blow out preventer system BOP system 防喷器系统 海洋平台技术词汇 第 6 页 共 59 页 blowdown vessel排放罐 blowhole gas pore气空 blowout preventer stack防喷器组 boat landing登船平台 bolt nut and washer螺栓 螺母及垫片 bolted connection螺栓连接 boom吊机扒杆 boom angle吊臂倾斜角 bore hole镗孔 boss with plug带有丝堵的管座 bottom echo底面回声 bottom sitting drilling platform坐底式钻井船 boundary condition边界条件 bow船艏 box beam箱形梁 box type joinnt箱形节点 brace拉筋 bracelet anode手镯式阳极 branch member支杆 breathing apparatus respirator防毒面具 bridge栈桥 bridge overhead crane天车吊 brittleness脆性 brush coating用毛刷涂漆 buckle fastener绑带 build up girder组合梁 bulb angle球扁钢 bulk head隔板 舱壁 buoyant turret mooring 浮筒转塔式系泊 burn through烧穿 海洋平台技术词汇 第 7 页 共 59 页 burner气焊工 burr and flashing飞边毛刺 business and management经营管理 butterfly valve蝶阀 butt welded seam对接焊缝 C cable layer敷缆船 cable rack tray电缆托架 caisson沉箱 caisson washing pump洗船泵 caisson type platform沉箱式平台 can 管件的 段 cantilever beam悬臂梁 cantilever jack up rig悬臂自升式钻井船 cantilever well module悬臂式井口模块 cap beam帽梁 capped steel半镇静钢 capsizing lever倾覆力臂 capsizing moment overturn moment倾覆力矩 carbon arc air gouging碳弧气刨 carbon dioxide cylinder二氧化碳气瓶 carbon equivalent碳当量 carbon dioxide CO2 arc welding二氧化碳气体保护电弧焊 cargo master system货油舱总监控系统 cargo tank cleaning machine洗舱机 carrier 搬运 小车 carry out perform conduct execute进行 执行 海洋平台技术词汇 第 8 页 共 59 页 catenary anchor leg mooring CALM 悬链锚腿系泊 cathodic protection阴极保护 cellar deck底甲板 cellar shutdown panel CSDP 井口系统关断盘 cement grout水泥浆 cementing vessel固井船 center line中心线 center of buoyancy浮心 center of floatation漂心 center of gravity重心 center punch冲子 central control room CCR 中央控制室 central processing platform中心处理平台 centrifugal pump离心泵 centrifuger离心机 ceramic fibres防火陶棉 ceramic tiles瓷砖 certifying authority第三方检验机构 chain block倒链 chair with arm rests带扶手的半软椅 chamfering开坡口 channel steel槽钢 charpy V notch energy夏比 V 形缺口韧性值 charpy V notch impact test夏比 V 形缺口冲击试验 chart datum海图基准面 check randomly抽检 check valve止回阀 checkered plate花纹板 chemical composition化学成分 海洋平台技术词汇 第 9 页 共 59 页 chemical injection package化学注入撬 chemical injection system化学药剂注入系统 chemical seal化学密封 chipping hammer敲渣锤 chisel风铲 chord member弦杆 Christmas tree采油树 circumference周长 circumferential weld环焊缝 classification survey入级检验 clean water injection pump清水注入泵 clean water surge tank清水缓冲罐 clearance间隙 client业主 顾客 close drain tank闭式排放罐 closed drain pump闭式排放泵 closed open circuit闭 开 路 closed drain tank闭式排放罐 clustered well heads丛式井口 CO2 cylinder unitCO2 气瓶组 CO2 extinguisherCO2 灭火器 coal tar epoxy paint含焦油环氧涂料 coaming档水扁钢 coating涂装 coating interval涂装间隔 coefficient系数 cold formed pipe冷卷管 cold shut冷隔 cold work冷加工 冷作 collapse ring加强环板 海洋平台技术词汇 第 10 页 共 59 页 column立柱 combustible gs detector可燃气体探测器 come along手搬葫芦 commercial blast cleaning普通级喷砂除锈 commissioning调试 compile and maintain a document编制和保存文件 complete penetration groove weld全熔透坡口焊 completion riser完井立管 complex with符合 名词 comply with符合 动词 composite rockwool ceiling复合岩棉天花板 composite rockwool panel复合岩棉板 concentric reducer同心大小头 conceptual design概念设计 conceptual drawing概念图纸 concrete platform混凝土平台 condensate drum冷凝液罐 condensing water冷凝水 conductor隔水套管 conductor guide套管导向 cone大小口 锥体 conform to stick to adhere to符合 遵守 connection节点 连接 consumption rate阳极消耗率 continuous beam连续梁 continuous double fillet weld双面连续贴角焊 continuous weldings连续焊 海洋平台技术词汇 第 11 页 共 59 页 contract合同 contraction stress收缩应力 contractor承包商 contractor 合同供方 control valve accessories handwheel 带手轮的控制阀 control valve assembly控制阀总成 coordinates坐标系 coordination协调 cope hole 焊接 工艺孔 corrective and preventive action纠正和预防措施 correlation curve相关曲线 corrosion allowance腐蚀余量 corrosion coupon腐蚀挂片 corrosion protection 防腐 corrugated plate interceptor斜板分离器 couplantUT 用的耦合剂 coupling连轴器 管箍 crack裂纹 crane barge crane vessel起重机 crane support吊机支撑 crater焊口 crawler crane履带吊车 criteria 验收 标准 cross angle交叉角 cross section横截面 crow bar撬杆 cruciform bollard单十字带缆柱 crude cooler原油冷却器 海洋平台技术词汇 第 12 页 共 59 页 crude filter原油过滤器 crude heat exchanger原油换热器 crude loading export pump原油外输泵 crude loading pump原油装载泵 crude oil drain tank原油排放舱 crude preheat exchanger原油预热器 crude suction strainer原油吸入滤器 crude transfer pump原油输送泵 cup support垫墩 curing time 油漆的 固化时间 current capacity 阳极的 电流容量 current density 阳极的 电流密度 current direction海流方向 curvature radius曲率半径 customer 比较 purchaser 客户 签合同后 客户变 需方 cut by torch以火焰切割 cut off割除 割除物 cutoff allowance切割裕量 cutting plan排版图 cutting sheet单件图 D DAC curves距离 振幅曲线 daily diesel filter日用柴油滤器 damage prone connection易破坏的节点 damper dampener减振器 DC generator直流发电机 ddry chemical extinguisher干粉式灭火器 Decibel dB 分贝 deck beam 甲板梁 deck cover甲板敷料 海洋平台技术词汇 第 13 页 共 59 页 deck crane甲板吊车 deck floor plate甲板板 deck water seal unit甲板水封装置 deep freeze compressor深冷压缩机 deepwater jacket深水导管架 defect default disconnection缺陷 deflection挠度 dehydration degassing vessel脱水除气器 dehydration preheater脱水预热器 dehydrator feed pump电脱水供给泵 delivery of materials材料交货 derrick barge回转式起重船 desander除砂罐 design basis设计基准 design drawing详细设计图 design parameters设计参数 detail详图 detail design详细设计 develop establish a document编制文件 dew point露点 DFT dry film thickness 干膜厚度 diagonal brace斜拉筋 dial gauge百分表 diaphragm隔板 diaphragm valve隔膜阀 die stamp钢印 diesel filter coalescer柴油过滤净化装置 diesel generator set柴油发动机 diesel oil daily tank with heater柴油日用罐 带加热器 diesel pump柴油泵 海洋平台技术词汇 第 14 页 共 59 页 diesel storage tank with heater柴油储罐 带加热器 diesel storage tank柴油储罐 diesel tank柴油罐 diesel transfer pump柴油输送泵 differential pressure control valve差压控制阀 diffuser布风器 dihedral angle二面角 dimensional checks 尺寸校验 direct alternating current arc welding直 交流电弧焊 direct current emergency supply直流应急电源 disassembling拆除 discontinuity缺陷 displacement oil tank置换油罐 distortion from welding焊接变形 distress signals遇险呼救信号 diver潜水员 diver support vessel潜水作业船 document approval and issue文件的批准和下发 documentation文件编制 dog组装用的刀把 dolphin 系缆柱 domestic sea water pump生活海水泵 double agent facility双介质灭火装置 double bevel grooveK 形坡口 double bollard双柱带缆柱 double groove双面坡口 double plate垫板 包板 海洋平台技术词汇 第 15 页 共 59 页 double probe method双探头法 doulbe bed双层床 doulbe V groove 双面 V 形坡口 X 形坡口 down hill welding下向焊 drain pit排水池 draught gauge吃水标尺 drawing and specification图纸及技术规格书 drawing types图纸种类 dredger挖泥船 drift pin心轴 销子 drift test管流试验 管线试通 drill钻头 drilling module钻井模块 drilling platform钻井平台 drilling template钻井基盘 drillship drilling ship浮式钻井船 driving voltage驱动电压 dryer烘箱 dry type tree干式采油树 during the course of fabrication在制造过程中 during the life of structures结构寿命期间 dye penetrant inspection 着色检验 dynamic positioning rig动力定位钻井船 E earth lead地线 eccentric reducer 偏心大小头 echo height 回波高度 edge crimping 卷管的 压头 edge preparation坡口加工 effective throat thickness焊缝计算厚度 海洋平台技术词汇 第 16 页 共 59 页 elbow弯头 electric dehydrator电脱水器 electric desalter电脱盐器 electric drill手电钻 electric heater电加热器 electric submersible pump电潜泵 electrical connection 导电连接 electric hydraulic valve电 液操作阀 electrochemical property电化学特性 electrode电焊条 electrode covering焊条药皮 electrode holder焊把 焊钳 electrolyte电解质 electro slag welding电渣焊接 elevation EL 标高 立面图 elongation延伸率 emergency air compressor应急空压机 emergency ballast control system应急压载控制系统 emergency BOP recovery system防喷器紧急回收系统 emergency generator应急发电机 emergency light应急照明灯 emergency power station应急电站 emergency shutdown紧急关断 emergency shutdown system ESD 应急关断系统 emergency switch board应急开关柜 emergency switch room应急配电间 emery cloth金刚砂布 海洋平台技术词汇 第 17 页 共 59 页 emulsion transfer pump乳化油输送泵 engine room动力舱 机舱 engineering geotechnical vessel工程地质船 engineering vessel工程船舶 entire length全长 equal angle等边角钢 equation公式 equipment base设备底座 erection安装 ERW electric resistance welding 电阻焊 escape route 逃生路线 essential variable焊接基本参数 excess of weight超重 existing structure已有结构 explosion proof equipment防暴设备 exposure distance防火距离 extent of defect in 缺陷百分率 extent of inspection检验范围 extent of repair返修率 external surfaceof brace拉筋的外表面 extra margin of stress应力裕量 F fabricated wide flange shape焊接成的宽翼缘型钢 fabrication aids 制造辅助物 如临时吊点 fabrication design加工设计 fabrication drawing加工设计图 fabrication phase制造阶段 fabrication sequence制造顺序 fabrication yard制造场地 海洋平台技术词汇 第 18 页 共 59 页 face bend test表面弯曲试验 facsimile transceiver传真收发两用机 fastener紧固件 fatigue damage疲劳破坏 field assembly空间组队 现场组对 field mating point 海上对接点 如导管架与 组块对接点 field splice现场拼接 field weld现场焊缝 fiexed platform固定式平台 fiexed tower SPM塔系泊 fifty year return period 五十年一遇 file锉刀 filler metal填充金属 final fabrication tolerance最终制造公差 finish coat面漆 finished product成品 finite element analyses有限元分析 fire alarm siren火灾警笛 fire and gs detecting system火灾 可燃气探测系统 fire control panel消防控制盘 fire damper防火风闸 fire door closer fire proof door防火门 fire extinguishing system消防系统 fire fighting water fire water消防水 fire foam hadrant 消防泡沫拴 fire hose station hose box消防箱 fire monitor消防炮 fire panel火灾 可燃气报警显示盘 fire proof wall fire wall防火墙 海洋平台技术词汇 第 19 页 共 59 页 fire protected plastic tiles防火塑料地板 fire protection wall防火墙 fire station消防软管箱 fire waater hose rock消防水软管 fire water deluge system大水量灭火系统 fire water hydrant消防水拴 fire water jockey pump消防水增压泵 fire water lift pump消防水提升泵 fire water pump消防水泵 fire water foam monitor消防炮 水或泡沫 fire fighting vessel fire boat 消防船 fireman box消防员箱 first aid kit急救箱 first coat底漆 first stage hydrocyclone一级水力旋转器 first stage separator一级分离器 fitter组装工 fit up坡口组对 fixed crude oil washing machine固定式原油清洗机 fixed drilling platform固定式钻井平台 flame arrester阻火器 flame cutting火焰切割 flame cutting droplets and debris 火焰切割形成的熔滴和料 头 flame cutting machine火焰切割机 flame cutting torch火焰割枪 flammability limits可燃度极限 flange冀缘 法兰 flare assembly火炬总成 海洋平台技术词汇 第 20 页 共 59 页 flare boom火炬臂 flare drum闪蒸罐 flare pilot gas火炬引燃器 flare scrubber火炬分液器 flare tower火炬塔 flat bar扁钢 flat plate anode扁阳极 flat position downhand welding 平焊 flat wekding平焊 flaw裂纹 flaw detectability缺陷检测灵敏度 flaw echo缺陷回声 flexible hose柔性软管 flexible riser挠性立管 floater controlled valve浮球控制阀 floating cargo hose浮式输油软管 floating loading hose浮式装油软管 floating oil production and storage unit FPSU 浮式生产储油装置 floating oil storage unit浮式储油装置 floating production storage and off loading tanker 浮式生产储油外输轮 floating production platform浮式生产平台 floating state漂浮状态 flooding注水 floppy disk软盘 flow chart流程图 flow indicator FI 流量显示器 flow quantity recorder FQ 累计流量计 flow swith流量开关 海洋平台技术词汇 第 21 页 共 59 页 flux焊药 flux cored arc welding FCAW 药芯焊 flux cored electrode管状焊条 flux cored wire药芯焊丝 foam extinguishing system固定 式泡沫灭火系统 foam monitor泡沫炮 foam station泡沫站 fog horn fog signal雾笛 folding bed折叠床 folding chair折叠椅 foot print被交位置 foot valve底阀 forecastle艏楼 foreman领班 forged steel FS 锻钢 fork lift铲车 叉车 forming压制成型 forming of plates into tubular由板卷成管 formula equation of carbon equivalent碳当量公式 four way valve四通阀 fracture toughness断裂韧性 frame structure梁格结构 free water knockout vessel流离水分离器 fresh water pressure vessel淡水压力罐 fresh water pump淡水泵 fresh water tank pump淡水罐 fresh water tank with electric heater淡水罐 带加热器 friction coefficient摩擦系数 海洋平台技术词汇 第 22 页 共 59 页 fuel gas compressor packge燃气压缩机撬 fuel gas heater燃料气加热器 fuel gas scrubber燃气洗涤器 fuel gas treatment package燃料气处理撬 fuel oil drain tank燃料油排放罐 fuel pump燃油泵 full coupling全螺纹的接头 full penetration weld全溶透焊缝 funnel shaped guide喇叭口状导向 furnace熔炉 加热炉 fusible plug异熔塞 fusion bond line熔合线 G gantry crane龙门吊 gap gauge间隙尺 gas bottle气瓶 gas cutting气割 gas cutting machine with magnetic wheels 磁轮式气割机 gas detector可燃气体探测器 gas injection module注气组块 gas metal arc welding熔化极气体保护焊 gas metal arc welding GMAW 熔化极气体保护焊 gas tungsten metal arc welding GTAW 钨极气体保护焊 gas tungsten metal arc welding GTAW 钨极气体保护焊 含氩弧 焊 gas turbine generator set燃汽轮机发电机组 gas turbine power generator燃汽轮机发电机 gas welding气焊 海洋平台技术词汇 第 23 页 共 59 页 gasket垫圈 gate valve闸阀 geophysical survey vessel物探船 girders and webs水平绗材和垂直绗材 girth weld环缝 global positioning system GPS 全球定位系统 globe valve normally clsoed 截止阀 常闭 glycerin甘油 gouging气刨 graphite crucible石墨坩埚 grating格栅 gravity damper重力风闸 gravity platform重力式平台 gravity type foundation重力式基础 grease黄油 润滑油 grind打磨 grinder砂轮机 grinding打磨 名词 grinding machine砂轮机 grit石英砂 grit blasting喷丸除锈 groove熔池 groove angle坡口角 ground flush磨平 gs export facility天然气外输设备 guard filter保护滤器 guide funnel导向喇叭口 guide structure导向结构 gusset节点板 筋板 海洋平台技术词汇 第 24 页 共 59 页 guyed tower platform拉索塔平台 H half nipple一端带螺纹的接头 halogenated hydrocarbon cylinder卤化烃瓶 halogenated hydrocarbon cylinder local panel 卤化烃就地控制盘 halogenated hydrocarbon cylinder local panel 卤化烃就地控制盘 halogenated hydrocarbon fire extinguishing system 卤化烃灭火系统 hammer锤子 hand operated pump手动泵 hand winch手动缆绳车 handrail栏杆 hard hat安全帽 hardener固化剂 hauling to the front牵引至码头前沿 hazardous area危险区 heat affected zones HAZ 热影响区 heat detector热探测器 heat exchanger热交换气 heat medium drain tank热介质排放罐 heat number炉号 heat traced pipeline伴热管线 heat treater加热热处理器 heat treatment热处理 heater加热器 heater treater热处理器 heater treater feed pump热处理器供热泵 海洋平台技术词汇 第 25 页 共 59 页 heating medium boiler package热介质锅炉撬 heating medium circulating package热介质循环撬 heating medium collection tank热介质收集罐 heating medium diesel daily tank热介质从柴油日用罐 heating medium drain pump热介质排放泵 heating medium drain tank热介质排放罐 heating medium expansion vessel热介质膨胀罐 heating medium make up pump热介质再启动泵 heating medium oil thermal oil传热介质油 heating medium storage tank传热介质油储存罐 heating ventilation and air conditioning system HAV 采暖 通风 空调系统 heave wall section厚壁段 heavy can节点加厚段 heavy duty coating厚层防腐 heavy plate厚板 heavy wall pipe厚壁管 helideck直升机甲板 helmet安全帽 hex head bolt六角头螺栓 high low pressure switch PSHL 高 低压开关 high concentration gas alarm高浓度可燃气报警 high pressure condensate tank高压凝析油罐 high pressure flare 高压火炬 high pressure separator HP separator 高压分离器 海洋平台技术词汇 第 26 页 共 59 页 high strength steel高强度钢 high low错皮 histogram 统计用 直方图 hold待定 hold point 检验的 停点 holder焊钳 holiday detector气孔探测仪 horizontal distance水平距离 horizontal position welding横焊 horizontal welding横焊 hose软管 hose assembly软管总成 hose connection软管接头 hose handling crane软管起升吊机 hose reel软管轮 hot dip galvanizing热浸锌 hot water pressure vessel with electric heater热水压力罐 带加热器 hot work明火作业 H shapeH 型钢 human life and property人民生命财产 hydrant消火栓 hydraulic pile driving hammer液压打桩锤 hydraulic press液压机 hydrostatic hydraulic test水压试验 hyperbaric diving system pressurized diving system 高压潜水系统 I ice breaker破冰船 if when necessary若有必要 海洋平台技术词汇 第 27 页 共 59 页 ignitor点火器 immersion suit防寒救生衣 impact resistance耐冲击性 impressed current protection system外加电流保护系统 in accordance with按照 in any jacket plane在任意导管架平面内 in line with按照 in the light of 按照 inclined stair斜梯 include but not limited to包括但不限于 included groove angle坡口角度 inclusion夹杂物 incomplete fusion未熔合 incomplete penetration未焊透 inflatable liferaft气胀式救生筏 inlet gas generator package惰性气体发生器撬 inorganic Zine primer无机锌底漆 in process inspection工序间的检验 inside diameter ID 内径 inspection检验 inspection criteria检验标准 installation site安装现场 instrument air receiver仪表空气接受器 instrument capillary tube仪表控制管线 instrument master control room仪表总控制室 insulating flange绝缘法兰 insulation保温 insulation heat traced 保温加伴热 海洋平台技术词汇 第 28 页 共 59 页 intact damage stability interference 完整 破损稳性 杆件之间 的 相碰 打架 intergranular corrosion晶间腐蚀 intermediate strength steel中强度钢 intermittent welding断续焊 internal and external beveling内外坡口 internal diameter内径 internal quality audits内部质量审核 internal stress 内应力 interpass temperature层间温度 intersected pipe被