2018高考英语大一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists

基础知识自测,重点词汇讲练,写作句型仿写,基础知识自测,一、单词拓展 (A)单词派生,1. _ n. 科学 _ n. 科学家 _ adj. 科学的2. _ vt. 分析 _ n. 分析,analysis,science,scientist,scientific,analyse,3. _ vt. 污染；弄脏 _ adj. 受污染的 _ n. 污染,pollute,polluted,pollution,4. _ vt. 命令；指示；教导 _ n. 指示；教导,instruct,instruction,5. _ vt. 结束 _ n. 结束; 结论6. _ n. 小心; 谨慎 _ adj. 小心的; 谨慎的,cautious,conclude,conclusion,caution,(B)灵活运用1. He needed more _ (science) experiments to support his theory.1. 形容词作定语。2. She has come to the _ (conclude) that he does not love her at all.2. 名词作宾语。,scientific,conclusion,3. He fell ill because of eating the _ (pollute) seafood.3. 形容词作定语。4. The _ (analyse) of the food showed the presence of poison.4. 名词作主语。5. Follow the _ (instruct) when you operate the machine. 5. 名词作宾语。,polluted,analysis,instructions,1. _ 提出2. _ 讲得通；有意义3. _ 使显露；暴露4. _ 将和联系起来,二、短语翻译,link .to .,put forward,make sense,expose .to,5. _ 除之外； 此外6. _ 对严格7. _得出结论8. _导致；引起,lead to,apart from,(be) strict with,draw a conclusion,9. _ 失去控制10. _受责备11. _ 在建设中12. _ 结束,come to an end,out of control,be to blame,be under construction,John Snow was a well-known physician in London in the 19th century. 1 _ famous was he that he even attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her 2 _ (baby). However，he decided to defeat cholera，a deadly disease at that time when he saw thousands of people 3 _ (expose) to it died every time there was an outbreak.,三、语篇填空,So,babies,exposed,In 1854 when cholera 4 _ (break) out，he began to gather information and marked on a map 5 _ all the dead people had lived. He found many people who had drunk 6 _dirty water from the pump died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera.,broke,where,the,He found a woman and 7 _(she) daughter who had the water delivered from the pump every day died of cholera after 8 _ (drink) the water. With this extra evidence John Snow announced that the polluted water was 9 _ (blame). He suggested the source of all water supplies 10 _(examine) and new methods of dealing with water be found. Finally，“King Cholera” was defeated.,be examined,her,drinking,to blame,四、语段改错,John Snow is a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria for her personal physician. But he becameinspiring when he thought about help ordinarypeople exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of their day.,Neither its cause or its cure was understood. Somany thousand of terrified people died everytime there was the outbreak. John Snow wantedto face the challenge and to solve this problem.He knew that cholera would never be controlleduntil its cause found.,1. is was 据上下文可知一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情。2. for as 表示“作为”。3. inspiring inspired 指人“感觉振奋的”，用inspired，而不能用inspiring (令人振奋的，激励人心的)。 4. help helping 在介词about后, 动词help要加上-ing。5. their its 指代前面的“the deadly disease”，用单数。,6. or nor 因neithernor (既不也不)是固定搭配。7. thousand thousands 因这里thousands of是非确切数，要加“s”。8. the an 指“每次霍乱一爆发”，没有特指，无需用the，outbreak以元音开头，用an。9. 去掉solve前面的to 因前半句已经有“to”了，故to无需重复。10. 在found前加上was 被动语态，一般过去时，故在found前加上was。,重点词汇讲练,1. cure vt. 治愈; 矫正 n. 治愈; 疗法；措施(for)原句 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源, 也不了解它的治疗方法。(B5P2),例句 Up till now, People have not found an effective cure for AIDS. 到目前为止, 人们还没有找到治疗艾滋病的有效方法。,cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的(疾病、坏习惯等)a cure for治疗的方法药物,搭配,运用 Her son was addicted to the computer games and she had to _ (使他改掉 这个习惯). The government is finding a cure _ the severe pollution.,cure him of the habit,for,原句 The second suggested that people absorb this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。(B5P2),2. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引(注意力),例句 Dark clothes absorbed light easily. 深色衣服容易吸光。搭配 be absorbed in全神贯注于, 专心致志于,运用 当我进来时, 他正聚精会神地看小说。When I entered, he _ _ a novel. 我们可以从广泛的阅读中吸收许多有用的东西。We can _ from extensive reading.,absorb a lot of useful things,3. put forward 提出(建议); 提前; 被提名原句 Who put forward a theory about black holes? 谁提出关于黑洞的理论？(B5P1)例句 He often puts forward some useful advice. 他总能提出一些有用的建议。,put aside 节省;储蓄;储存;留出put away 放好;积蓄put off 延期, 推迟put out 熄灭;生产put up 举起;张贴;建立;提供食宿put up with 容忍, 忍受put through 接通电话;完成;使经受put down 放下;写下,联想,运用 写出下列句中put forward的含义(1) As for the problem you put forward in your last letter, I think it is a wise choice for you to buy a dictionary.,提出,(2) I think he is fit for the position, therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate.,推荐,(3) Put your watch forward; its five minutes slow. (4) They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.,拨快,将提前,用put短语完成句子。(5) Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every word her teacher says.(6) Encourage children to _ some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents. (7) I can _ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.,put up with,put down,put aside,4. make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通例句 See, your computer has broken down again！It doesnt make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 瞧！你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省一点钱买最便宜牌子的电脑毫无意义可言。,make no sense 没道理, 没意义make sense of 了解的意义, 懂得in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说common sense 常识There is no sense in (doing) sth. 做某事是没有道理的,联想,运用 用sense短语完成句子。It _ to work on the problem before it gets out of control.(2) Planning so far ahead _ so many things will have changed by next year.,makes no sense,makes sense,(3) What she says is true _, but not always.(4) Only after I read the poem a second time did I _ it.,make sense of,in a sense,5.be to blame(for sth)(为某事)应受责备承担责任例句 Mr. Smith was to blame for the accident史密斯先生要为事故负责。搭配 blame sb. for sth为某事责备某人,运用 完成下列句子或填入一个恰当的词。 我不怪你，我怪我自己。I do not blame you，but I _. 那次事故怪不得Tom,毕竟他还是个孩子。Little Tom was not _ for the accidentAfter all, he is only a child,blame myself,to blame, His mother blamed him _ his dishonesty,for,原句 Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提到的结构, 你还学了下列词组。(B5P4)例句 Apart from school work, I spend my spare time in singing and angling.除了学校功课外，我空余时间还唱歌和钓鱼。,6. apart from除了以外，都；除外，还,用法 apart from是短语介词, 既相当于besides /in addition to /as well as, 又相当于except (for)。运用 用besides，except，except for替代apart from。 Apart from the cost, time should also be considered.( _),Besides (In addition to), Apart from a few mistakes, it is a good composition.( _ ) Apart from the ending, its really a good film. (_ ),Except (Not including),Except for,7. be strict with sb. (in sth.) (在某方面)对某人严格要求原句 I need to be strict with 我需要对要求严格(B5P6)例句 You must be strict with yourself in study.你在学习上要对自己严格要求。,运用 填入一个恰当的介词。 Our English teacher is very strict _ us _ our homework. My mother is not only strict _ her work but also strict _ me.,with,with,in,in,8. have sth. done 让某人干某事; 遭遇某事,例句 Youd better have the machine repaired tomorrow.你最好明天找人来修机器。,运用 把下列句子译成英文。 明天我要去理发。I will _. 爸爸几天前去拔牙。My father _a few days ago.,have my hair cut tomorrow,had his tooth pulled,写作句型仿写,原句 To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了阻止这样的事再发生, 约翰。斯诺建议所有的水源都要检查。,1. suggest that sb. (should) do 建议某人做某事,例句 The doctor suggested he have a good rest. 医生建议他要好好休息。,提醒 没有suggest sb. to do sth.句型，但有advise sb. to do sth.句型。,仿写 把下列句子译成英文。 他建议我们工作后要好好休息。_ after