高中英语人教大纲第二册下：Unit14 Freedom fighters(第一课时).doc

Unit 14 Freedom fighters.Brief Statements Based on the UnitThis unit tells us about freedom fighters,who fight for the rights of blacks.Warming up shows us some information about two heroesMartin Luther King,Jr.and Nelson Mandela.In Speaking activity,students can express what they think with the help of the useful expressions given in this part.Students can improve their English,and at the same time learn the fine quality from them.Listening passage gives the students a good chance to improve their listening ability.The reading passage “I have a dream” gives us a lot of information about Martin Luther King,Jr.It describes the situation in the southern states in Kings time,especially gives us a detailed description about the struggle for equal rights of all blacks.The whites treated the blacks unfairly,which led to many nonviolent demonstrations against racial discrimination.The text shows us a hero and brave fighter.In the end,his struggle changed the whole society of the USA,and the blacks are treated with respect in the same way as the whites now.From this passage students can learn some useful words and expressions,and also they will improve their comprehensive ability.Language study helps us review some useful words and Grammar provides some sentences to let the students review the Passive Voice.Integrating skills is arranged to further improve the students reading and writing abilities.The students are sure to master many useful words and expressions.Meanwhile they are sure to improve their abilities to use the English language in the active,interesting and instructive activities.Teaching Goals1.Talk about civil rights and freedom fighters.2.Express logical relations.3.Review the Passive Voice.4.Practise argumentative writing.Background Information1.I have a dreamIm not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations.Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells.Some of you have come from areas where your first quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.You have been the veterans of creative suffering.Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.Go back to Mississippi,go back to Alabama,go back to South Carolina,go back to Georgia,go back to Louisiana,go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities,knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.Let us not water in the valley of despair.I say to you today,my friends,so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow,I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American Dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up,live out the true meaning of its creed:“We hold these truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal.”I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia,sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners,will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi,a state sweltering with the heat of injustice,sweltering with the heat of oppression,will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day down in Alabama,with its vicious racists,with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification,one day right down in Alabama our little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted,every hill and mountain shall be made low;the rough places will be made plain;and the crooked places will be made straight;and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.This is our hope.This is the faith that I go back to the South with.With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith we will be able to work together,to pray together,to struggle together,to go to jail together,to stand up for freedom together,knowing that we will be free one day.This will be the day,this will be the day,when all of Gods children will be able to sing with new meaning,“My country is of thee,sweet land of liberty,of thee I sing.Land where my fathers died,land of the Pilgrims pride,from every mountain side,let freedom ring.”And if America is to be a great nation,this must become true.So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleeghenies of Pennsylvania.Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.But not only that,let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi,from every mountainside.Let freedom ring and when this happens,when we allow freedom ring,when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet,from every state and every city,we will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children,black men and white men,Jews and Gentiles,Protestants and Catholics will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual,“Free at last,free at last,thank god almighty,we are free at last.”2.Dr Martin Luther King,Jr.It was December 1955,and Martin Luther King,Jr.had just received his doctorate degree in theology.He had moved to Montgomery,Alabama to preach(讲道) at a Baptist church.He saw there,as in many other southern states,that African-Americans had to ride in the back of public buses.Dr King knew that this law violated the rights of every African-American.He organized and led a boycott of the public buses in the city of Montgomery.Any person,black or white,who was against segregation(种族隔离) refused to use public transportation.Those people who boycotted were threatened or attacked by other people,or even arrested or jailed by the police.After 382 days of boycotting the bus system,the Supreme Court declared that the Alabama state segregation law was unconstitutional.African-Americans were not only segregated on buses throughout the South.Equal housing was denied to them,and seating in many hotels and restaurants was refused.In 1957,Dr King founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference(南方基督教领导会议) and moved back to his hometown of Atlanta,Georgia.This was the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement.In the following years,he continued to organize non-violent protests against unequal treatment of African-American people.His philosophy remained peaceful,and he constantly reminded his followers that their fight would be victorious if they did not resort to bloodshed.Nonetheless,he and his demonstrators were often threatened and attacked.Demonstrations which began peacefully often ended up in violence,and he and many others were often arrested.The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed.It was not the first law of civil rights for Americans,but it was the most thorough and effective.The act guaranteed equal rights in housing,public facilities,voting and public schools.Everyone would have impartial hearings(申诉的机会) and jury tirals.A civil rights commission would ensure that these laws were enforced.Dr Martin Luther King,Jr and thousands of others now knew that they had not struggled in vain.In the same year Dr King won the Nobel Peace Prize for leading non-violent demon strations.In 1968,Dr Martin Luther King,Jr. was assassinated while he was leading a workers strike in Memphis,Tennessee.White people and black people who had worked so hard for peace and civil rights were shocked and angry.The world was in deep sorrow at the loss of this man of peace.Dr Martin Luther King,Jr.s death did not slow the Civil Rights Movement.Black and white people continued to fight for freedom and equality.Teaching Time:Five periodsThe First PeriodTeaching Aims:1.Learn and master the new words and expressions in this period.2.Talk about civil rights and freedom fighters to improve the students speaking ability.3.Do some listening practice to improve the students listening ability.4.Learn about some freedom fighters.Teaching Important Points:1.Talk about a favourite topic to improve the students speaking ability.2.Enable the students to grasp the main points in a listening material.Teaching Difficult Points:1.Help the students to improve their listening ability.2.Help the students to express their own opinions and ideas.Teaching Methods:1.Talking method to improve the students speaking ability.2.Pair work or group work to make every student work in class.Teaching Aids:1.the multimedia2.the blackboardTeaching Procedures:CStep GreetingsGreet the whole class as usual.CStep Lead-in and Warming UpT:(Walk to one boy)Wang Bing,what do you usually do on weekends?S:I sometimes play basketball with friends.I like basketball very much.T:Then you must know this man.(Show the picture or play a short video program of Jordana famous basketball player who is a black man.)T:Do you know who he is?S:Of course I do.He is Jordan,my idol.He is the best basketball player in the world.I have many pictures of him.T:Yes,youre quite right.He is very famous and many people all over the world worship him.But do you know that it was not until about one hundred years ago that the blacks got their freedom and were treated as equal citizens?S:Yes,we learnt about this in our history classes.The blacks were first brought to America as slaves.They were treated badly and they had no rights.T:Thats right.But we all know that things are different now.Do you know how they could have the same rights as the whites?Ss:We dont know much about this.Please tell us more.T:OK.Many people devoted themselves to this.Some were put into prison and some even lost their lives.Look at the two pictures and read the notes about them.Then have a discussion in groups of four.Try to explain why they are great men and in which way struggle was an important part in the lives of these men.(Show the following pictures on the screen.)Martin Luther King,Jr.Born in 1929Graduation in 1955Worked in a churchOrganized his first actions in 1955Formed an organization for black leaders to work together in 1957Gave speech “I have a dream” in 1963Received the Nobel Prize in 1964Murdered in 1968Nelson MandelaBorn in 1918First actions while still at university in 1940Graduation in 1942Helped to found the ANC Youth League in 1944Led many peaceful actions during the 1950sPut in prison from 1962 to 1989Received the Nobel Prize in 1993Became the first black president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999(Give the students a few minutes to discuss the questions.Then ask some of them to say their answers.)T:Are you ready?Ss:Yes.T:Good.Now,who would like to tell us why these two men are great?S:Let me have a try.I think Martin Luther King,Jr. is great.He worked for the freedom of all the blacks.He was born in 1929.After he graduated in 1955,he worked in a church and he organized his first actions in the same year.Two years later,he formed an organization for black leaders to work together.In 1963,he gave the famous speech “I have a dream”.Because of his success in his work,he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.Unfortunately he was murdered in 1968.T:Very good.Now,who can tell us something about Nelson Mandela?S:He was the first black president in South Africa from 1994 to 1999.He was born in 1918.He worked for the equal rights for the blacks of South Africa for many years.As early as in 1940,while he was still at university,he took his first actions.In 1944,he helped to found the ANC Youth League.During the 1950s,he led many peaceful actions.He was hated by his enemies and he had been kept a prisoner from 1962 to 1989.But he never gave up the struggle for the freedom of all the blacks,so he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.After he left his office,he has done much for the poor,especially the children.He also works for the equal rights of all the people and he wants a world without hunger and war.T:Very good.You know a lot about them.Who can explain in which way struggle was an important part in the lives of them?Li Yan,would you like to have a try?S:OK.I think struggle for the equal rights of all the blacks was an important part in the lives of them.They both achieved their goals by peaceful revolution.T:Who knows how the situations are in their countries now?Has the situation been improved?S:Things are different now.In the USA,the blacks and the whites have equal rights.They can both be elected leaders of their country.T:Good.Who has anything else to say?S:The same is in South Africa.After Mandela,there is a second black president.No matter who breaks the law of the country,he will be punished or put into prison.CStep ListeningT:Well done.From the discussion we had just now,we know that in 1993 Martin Luther King,Jr. gave a famous speech“I have a dream”.Have you ever listened to it?Ss:No,weve only read about it in some magazines.T:What a pity!But now I will give you the chance to listen to it.Before you listen to the tape,you should go through the exercises on Page 25 and Page 26 first.(Allow the students a couple of minutes to prepare.)T:Are you ready?Please listen to the tape carefully when I play it for the first time.The second time I play it,you should write down the answers quickly.After that,check your answers when the tape is played a third time.Finally you may have a short discussion in pairs.Are you clear?Ss:Yes.T:OK.Lets begin.(Play the tape for students to listen and finish the exercises.At last,check the answers together with the whole class.)CStep SpeakingT:Just now,we talked about two great men,and now we will talk about two other famous peopleJohn Brown and Harriet Tubman.Please turn to Page 26 and read the notes about them.Work in groups of three.Discuss the lives of them and talk about the reason why certain things happened and how they changed history.The useful expressions will help you.(Write the following on the blackboard and allow the students enough time to practise their dialogues.Finally ask a pair to act out their dialogue.)Useful Expressions:What happened first was thathappened as a result ofYou could expectbecauseThat led toOne of the reason whyisis often followed bySample dialogue:(Astudent a;Bstudent b)A:Have you read about John Brown?B:Yes,I have.A:I have heard of him,but I know little about him.Please tell me something about him.I want to know more.B:OK.He was born in Connecticut and was brought up in Ohio.He hated slavery.What happened first was that he