高考英语一轮复习 完形填空文体技法讲解及选练（2）1.doc

2017高考英语完形填空文体技法讲解及选练（2）完形填空*文体技法归纳说明文是用说明的方式介绍人或事物、解释事理的一种文体。说明文体裁的完形填空的最显著的特点是：1开头点题做说明文体裁的完形填空时，要明确说明的对象是什么，是具体的实物还是理论性概念。因此，明确说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提。在近几年的说明文体裁的完形填空题中，作者一般在文章的首句直接点明要说明的对象。2结构清晰把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的写作一般按时间顺序(先后顺序等)，空间顺序(从局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外等)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次等)，认知顺序(由此及彼，由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质等)。在做说明文体裁的完形填空时，应当特别留意以下几点：1通过短文首尾句抓主旨通读全文，看它是属于说明事物的说明文还是说明事理的说明文；是单纯说明类的说明文还是说明加叙述类的说明文。而尾句往往是文章的结论或点睛之笔，由此可知，抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是很必要的。2关注段落间的内在联系由于说明文一般是针对某一个对象从不同的角度和侧面加以说明的，每一段都有侧重点，对这些内容要进行概括、总结，从而找出段落之间的联系，以便更深刻地理解文章的内容。3根据写作手法理解细节说明文中有些细节就是写作手法的体现，而完形填空往往就是针对这些细节进行考查的。所以，考生要学会逆向推理，从正确理解写作手法入手来把握细节。【由四川省成都市2014届高三英语摸底测试模拟试题（二）改编】完形填空。In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father still live. These things have come to represent, in fact, what I call _1_ and love.I dont remember my father ever getting into a swimming pool. But he did _2_the water. Any kind of _3_ride seemed to give him pleasure. _4_he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along.But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father did. I liked being _5_the water, moving through it, _6_it all around me. I was not a strong _7_, or one who learned to swim early, for I had my _8_. But I loved being in the swimming pool close to my fathers office and _9_those summer days with my father, who _10_ come by on a break. I needed him to see what I could do. My father would stand there in his suit, the _11_person not in swimsuit.After swimming, I would go _12_ his office and sit on the wooden chair in front of his big desk, where he let me _13_anything I found in his top desk drawer. Sometimes, if I was left alone at his desk _14_ he worked in the lab, an assistant or a student might come in and tell me perhaps I shouldnt be playing with his _15_. But my father always _16_and said easily, “Oh, no, its _17_.” Sometimes he handed me coins and told me to get _18_ an ice cream.A poet once said, “We look at life once, in childhood; the rest is _19_.” And I think it is not only what we “look at once, in childhood” that determines our memories, but _20_, in that childhood, looks at us.1A. desire B. joy C. anger D. worry2A. avoid B. refuse C. praise D. love3A. boat B. bus C. train D. bike4A. But B. Then C. And D. Still5A. on B. off C. by D. in6A. having B. leaving C. making D. getting7A. swimmer B. rider C. walker D. runner8A. hopes B. faiths C. rights D. fears9A. spending B. saving C. wasting D. ruining10A. should B. would C. had to D. ought to11A. next B. only C. other D. last12A. away from B. out of C. by D. inside13A. put up B. break down C. play with D. work out14A. the moment B. the first time C. while D. before15A. fishing net B. office things C. wooden chair D. lab equipment16. A. stood up B. set out C. showed up D. turned out17. A. fine B. strange C. terrible D. funny18. A. the student B. the assistant C. myself D. himself19. A. memory B. wealth C. experience D. practice20. A. which B. who C. what D. whose【参考答案】完形填空1-5 BDACD 6-10 AADAB 11-15 BDCCB 16-20 CACAB【议论文和说明文类】【2014广东卷】完形填空Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their childrens refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their childrens 9 . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who dont help their parents with the shopping dont find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions.Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. A. natural B. strongC. guilty D. similarA. interest B. argumentC. link D.knowledgeA. noisy B. crowdedC. messy D. lockedA. homework B. houseworkC. problem D. researchA. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacingA. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudesA. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful A. later B. deliberately C. seldom D. thoroughlyA. behavior B. taste C. future D. natureA. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrillsA. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsiderA. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trustA. reply B. attend C. attach D. talkA. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stopA. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising【答案】D B C B C A D A A C D A D B C C。考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。 根据：扔在地板上的衣服，可知房间很凌乱。 此处noisy喧闹的；crowded拥挤的；messy杂乱的；locked上锁的。故选C。B。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服等这些都是家务方面的事。此处 homework作业；housework家务；problem难题；research 研究，调查。故选B。C。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。另一方面，青少年认为父母因为仅仅是把浴室里的毛巾掉在地上等一些小事而责怪他们而不耐烦。此处washing 洗；using 使用；dropping 落下；replacing 更换，替代。drop the towel 把毛巾掉在地上。故选C。A。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。圣乔治大学的研究表明不同的父母对这些问题有不同的方法。此处approaches 方法，途径；contributions 贡献；introductions 介绍，入门；attitudes态度；看法。下一句有approaches一词。故选A。D。考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。然而，一些方法比其他人的更成功。此处 complex 复杂的；popular 受欢迎的；scientific 科学的；successful成功的。接下来列举了一些成功的父母的做法。故选D。A。考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。例如，父母先因为孩子邋遢而大吼大叫，后来又为他们收拾房间。此处later后来；deliberately故意地； seldom很少；thoroughly彻底。这样的父母我们生活中不少见。故选A。A。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。例如，那些因为孩子邋遢而大吼大叫但是后来又为他们房间打扫的的父母有更少的机会改变他们孩子的行为。此处behavior行为；taste味道；future未来；nature自然。孩子不改变行为是因为父母责备了他们然后又帮他们收拾使孩子认为被批评了就可以不做了。自然行为得不到改变。故选A。D。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。父母应和子女交谈 ，但同时也应该听一听他们要说什么。此处reply回答；attend参加；attach 附加、系；talk谈论。talk to和交流。故选D。B。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。父母责备他们的孩子当他们的房间凌乱时，但他们也应该明白他们的房间是他们自己的私人空间。此处 hate讨厌；scold责备；frighten 吓唬；stop停止。代入四个词分析，只有B符合语境。故选B。C。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。沟通是一个双向的过程。它只有通过倾听和理解对方，父母与子女之间的问题才可以得到解决。此处 loving爱；observing观察；understanding理解；praising表扬。代入四个词分析， C更符合语境。故选C。2016高考完形填空选练 完型填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Looking at the checkout lines at the grocery, I quickly turned my cart to line number three. There were only two women there, and neither had kids or coupons(赠券) ! The store was my first 41 that morning, and I had a half dozen others on my 42 before meeting my husband for lunch. Two minutes turned into ten, and I watched as the other lines moved 43 . I moved my 44 0n the cart and dug for my wallet, trying to 45 . the cashier that it was time to get a move-on. Finally, after fifteen minutes, I took a breath and 46 . Then I heard the cashier tell the women in front of me : And just like that, he told me what she looked like and l 47 one hundred dollars here to 48_ her groceries. He said not to worry about the 49 , just give it to charity. The story she was 50 had taken place in the produce department. An older man had witnessed a(n) 51 mama in need. 52 for foods with kids around, she was sticking to her list and 53 the items on her calculator as she went. The gentleman said he had a little 54 0n him that day, so he left one hundred dollars t0 55_ her groceries and, just maybe, add a little wiggle room(回旋的余地) to her 56 . After hearing about the man who had . 57 served a fellow traveler in life, I realized that my hurry, 58 and general worries were 59 . Whats five extra. minutes in a line to hear a story of a man sharing his 60 ? Suddenly, I know I could wait. 41. A. delivery B. checkout C. journey D. stop 42. A. notebook B. list C. blessing D. admission 43. A. patiently B. clearly C. quickly D. similarly 44. A. items B. dealers C. prospects D. kids 45. A. remind B. debate C. order D. guarantee 46. A. laughed B. noticed C. appreciated D. sighed 47. A. left B. matched C. cost D. promoted 48. A. apply for B. pay for C. look for D. make for 49. A. privilege B. contribution C. change D. decision 50. A. adjusting B. booking C. reading D. sharing 51. A. well-dressed B. good-looking C. worn-out D. easy-going 52. A. Wandering B. Shopping C. Preparing D. Begging 53. A. supposing B. developing C. adding D. presenting . 54. A. principle B. time C. extra D. quantity 55. A. cover B. suit C. carry D. run 56. A. basket B. budget C. property D. response 57. A. rarely B. quietly C. obviously D. occasionally 58. A. anxiety B. happiness C. attention D. eagerness 59. A. treated B. respected C. benefited D. misplaced 60. A. notice B. mistake . C. content D. love参考答案41-45 DBCAA 46-50DABCD 51-55CBCCA 56-60BBADD完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。【2013北京卷】A Leap（跳跃）to HonorLeaping on a narrow balance beam（平衡木） is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it.To perfect her skills, Lola 36 for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls.Thats especially impressive. 37 she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly. She often sees double and cant 38 how far away things are.When she was little, her mom 39 that even though she couldnt see 40 , she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the 41 right away and gymnastics became her favorite.Though learning gymnastics has been more 42 for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit. She doesnt let her 43 stop her from doing anything that she wants to.She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest 44 is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to 45 your mind that itll take you where you want to go.” says Lola.To be a top-level gymnast, one must be brave. The beam is probably the most 46 for anyone because its four inches wide. At the state competition, Lola didnt fall 47 the beam. In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10-her highest score yet.Lola doesnt want to be 48 differently from the other girls on her team. At the competitions, the judges dont know about her vision 49 . She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know. Her mom is amazed by her 50 attitude.Lola never thinks about 51 . She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnast