高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础演练（三）3.doc

安徽五河县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解基础演练（三）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。The Renaissance，considered by modern scholars to have been the time between 1,300 and 1,600，was a period of European history when many new inventions and beliefs came into being.The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan，and Venice.In these cities businessmen started to spend their extra money on things like painting and education，and to consider new techniques of banking and systems of government.A new type of scholar，the humanist(人文主义者)arose.Humanism was concerned with humankind and culture.Latin and Greek，literature and philosophy，music and mathematics were among the subjects humanists studied.The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and sculpture.During the Renaissance，artists were no longer regarded as mere artisans(工匠)Many artists drew on mathematics in order to become more accurate in their measurements(度量)and to make sure an object was presented in realistic proportions.They also studied the way light hits objects and the ways our eyes perceive it.A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.The Renaissance affected all of the society.Many people became interested in politics，and the world outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.The effect on religion was especially strong.In the Middle Ages people were primarily concerned with serving the church and getting to heaven.But the increase in arts and education gave people things to look forward to in life，and made them lose interest in the church.The Renaissance produced many great minds.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.Among his many works of art were Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.He is also regarded as a great inventor，and is credited for coming up with the idea of the helicopter.1. According to the second paragraph，the Renaissance_.Aoccurred all over EuropeBstarted in ItalyCinfluenced art，finance，and physical educationDwas the most popular in Florence答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan and Venice.”可知，文艺复兴运动始于意大利，所以正确答案为B项。2Which of the followings took place during the Renaissance?APeople stopped going to church.BNew forms of painting emerged.COil paint became very popular.DThe humanists disappeared.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and sculpture.”及“A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.”可知，油画这种新的绘画形式在文艺复兴时期出现了，所以正确答案为B项。3We can learn from the passage that_.Aduring the Renaissance many explorers and mapmakers appearedBbusinessmen started the RenaissanceC peoples interest in education declinedDthe humanists took power during the Renaissance答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段及第四段的“Many peopole became interested in politics，and the world outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.”可知，在文艺复兴时期出现了许多探险家、商人和制图师，所以正确答案为A项。4Which of the following statements about Leonardo da Vinci is NOT true?AHe created The Last Supper.BHe was a great inventor.CHe was the first to imagine the helicopter.DMany people of his time considered him a genius.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.”可知，莱奥纳多达芬奇在他所生活的时代并没有被认为是天才，所以正确答案为D项。5What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?AThe Renaissance in Europe.BThe birthplace of the Renaissance.CThe effects of the Renaissance.DSome famous artists in Europe.答案：C主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了文艺复兴给整个社会所带来的影响，以及这个时期社会上所出现的新现象。2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe. Previous studies have linked high exposure to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problem, but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风）within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物）were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of “moderate” quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure. The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.1.The text mainly discusses the relationship between.Aheart problems and air quality Bheart problems and exercisingCheart problems and smoking Dheart problems and fatty food2.The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means.Arelatively high Bextremely lowCrelatively low Dextremely high3. What can we learn from the text?AEating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.BThe EPA conducted many studies on air quality.CModerate air quality is more harmful than smoking,DStricter regulations on pollutants should be made.4.Theauthorspurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto.A.informB.persuadeC.describeD.entertain参考答案14、ACDA 【北京市丰台区2014统一模拟】D Whether we should allow marine (海洋的) parks to stay open has been widely debated in our community recently. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about it. Smith, a sociologist, argued that dolphin parks provide the only opportunity for much of the public to see marine mammals. As this argument goes, most Australians live in cities and never get to see these animals. Marine parks allow the average Australian to appreciate our marine wildlife. However, in fact, there are many places where they can be seen in the wild. Moreover, these places do not charge an overpriced entry fee they are free. Dr. Alison Lane, the director of the Cairns Marine Science Institute, insists that we need marine parks for scientific research. She argues that much of our knowledge of marine mammals comes from studies which were undertaken at marine parks. The knowledge which is obtained at marine parks can be useful for planning for the preservation of marine mammal species. However, Jones, a zoologist, explains that park research is only useful for understanding captive animals and is not useful for learning about animals in the wild. Their diets are different, they have significantly lower life lengths and they are more likely to have a disease. In addition, marine mammals in dolphin parks are trained and this means that their patterns of social behaviour are changed. The Marine Park Owners Association holds that marine parks attract a lot of foreign tourists. This position goes on to state that these tourists spend a lot of money, increasing our foreign exchange earnings and assisting our national balance of payments. However, foreign tourists would still come to Australia if the parks were closed down. Indeed, surveys of overseas tourists show that they come here for a variety of other reasons and not to visit places like Seaworld. Tourists come here to see our native wildlife in its natural environment and not to see it in cages and concrete pools. They can see animals in those conditions in their own countries. In a word, perhaps an agreement cannot be reached now. However, a question does deserve our consideration: If we continue with our past crimes against these creatures, how will our future generations view us?67. Who support(s) the idea of closing marine parks? A. Most Australians. B. Alison Lane. C. Smith. D. Jones.68. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 3 ? A. The results from studies are valuable in animal preservation. B. Scientific research at the marine parks has its limitations. C. Captive animals have biology changes in marine parks. D. Human behavior causes harmful effects on the animals.69. Which is NOT the reason to keep marine parks? A. For entertainment purpose. B. For scientific research purpose. C. For economic purpose. D. For political purpose.70. The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by . A. pointing out the problems with keeping the marine parksB. using evidence he has collected at the marine parksC. discussing the advantages of animals natural homesD. questioning the way the animals are studied【参考答案】67. D 68. B 69. D 70. A 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2014模拟调研】 A Many of you should not own dogs. Its that simple. The reason is that, if you own a dog,you must train a dog, and many dog owners out there, it is safe to say, have little or no controlover their dogs, because they do not train them. Strong words? MaybeBut they are simple, honest words, as untrained dogs living inresidential neighborhoods bark at will, run loose, and visit and damage neighboring propertieswith their ownersblessings as they deliberately let them run. Take note of the fact that you, the dog owner, cannot control your dog causing a continual nuisance（麻烦事）that damages the quality of life in your neighborhood. Theres nothing more annoying to most people than a dog that barks and nothing more confusing than trying to understand the deficient（有缺陷的）mentality of the dog owner who allows his dog to do so.After all, the irresponsible dog owner hears the barking too, and so those who must put up with it are continually left wondering-what are they thinking, are they deaf? Many dog owners believe it is not possible for their dog to be trained, an indication that the owners themselves lack self discipline, and most likely have never really tried to apply discipline to other issues in their lives, not with consistency, or that they are simply lazy and inattentive to their own adult responsibilities at the expense of others. Irresponsible dog owners, though, do train their dogs. A dog is a reflection of its owner.Whatever a dog does (run loose, bark at will, jump on guests entering the front door, soilneighboring lawns) is a result of the decisions of the owner. The choice not to do something isindeed a choice. The good news is that with mere consistency, a dog can be trained rather quickly, in acouple of weeks if the owner takes his responsibility seriously. Again, that process will be areflection of the owners behavior, and the primary ingredient（要素）in that behavior is notallowing the dog, not even once, to repeat the bad behavior without consequences when told and directed not to. You can stop your dog from barking with simple firm voice commands, direct eye contact, and force of will in a relatively short time, provided you are consistent and a reasonably mature person. Dogs, what，s more, love this training because pleasing you, their owner, is what they arc all about. The upshot（结果，要点）will be that you have a more connected relationship with your dog, a better dog that is suited to its environment.56. Which is NOT the reason for dog owners to have little or no control over their dogs? A. They are lazy and unwilling to train their dogs. B. They think their dogs can act well without training. C，They lack self-control over many issues in daily life. D. They dont give enough attention to their responsibilities.57. Whats the authors attitude towards owners of untrained dogs? A. Prejudiced. B. Unclear. C. Disapproving. D. Curious.58. This article is mainly written to A. instruct dog owners how to train dogs B call on dog owners to train their dogs C. sing high praise for responsible dog owners D. analyze the relationship between dog owners and their dogs59. It can be concluded from the passage that A. responsible dog owners can put up with dogsbarking B irresponsible dog owners deliberately train their dogs to do something wrong C. we should not own dogs because they can damage the quality of our daily lifeD whether a dog can be trained properly may depend on the dog owners behavior【参考答案】56-59 BCBD 阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean，an Sshaped body of water covering 33 million square miles.The Atlantic has，in a sense，replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization.Unlike real inland seas，which seem strangely still，the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.“Storm at Sea”，a short poem written around 700，is generally regarded as one of mankinds earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.When the wind is from the westAll the waves that cannot rest To the east must thunder on Where the bright tree of the sunIs rooted in the oceans breast.As the poem suggests，the Atlantic is never dead and dull.It is an ocean that moves，impressively and endlessly.It makes all kinds of noiseit is forever thundering，boiling，crashing，and whistling.It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breathperhaps not so noticeably out in midocean，but where it meets land，its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach.It mimics(模仿)nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature.It is filled with symbiotic existences，too：unimaginable quantities of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony，giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat，a kind of subocean vitality.And it has a psychology.It has