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WELCOME Haven tseenyouforsometime 罗定市中等职业技术学校李金梅 会计英语AccountingEnglish WhydowelearnAccountingEnglish WhatarethelearningobjectivesofAccountingEnglish IsAccountingEnglishdifficult Suggestionsforstudy Previewingthetextisveryimportant AnEnglish ChineseDictionaryofAccounting 英汉双解财会词典 UNIT1 AnIntroductiontoAccounting LearningObjectives Explainthedefinitionofaccounting Understandthebasicfunctionofaccounting Ascertaintheusersofaccountinginformationandknowwhytheyneedtheinformation Understandthetypesofaccountinginformation Haveageneralideaoftheprofessionalfieldsofaccountingandtheirduties Learntheaccountingtermsinthischapterandusetheminthetranslationtask Account账户assetaccount资产账户Accounting会计 学 Imajoredinaccounting Accountancy会计工作 会计学Accountant会计师Iwanttobeanaccountant BeanCounter数豆子的人Differentexpressionsabout 企业 inEnglishBusinessEnterpriseFirmCompanyCorporation ReadPartIandanswerthefollowingquestions 1 Accountingisaspecial ofbusiness 2 Whatisthepurposeofaccounting 3 Whoaretheaccountingusers 使用者 4 Whatarethreebasicaccountingelements StepOneLead inthenewlesson 1 WhatisAccounting Accountingisaspecial ofbusiness language 会计是一种特殊的商业用语 Thepurposeofaccountingistoprovideusefulinformationfordifferentusersinordertomaketheirdecisions 作出决定 providesth forsb 为某人提供某物Eg Ourschooloftenprovidesdeliciousfoodforus inorderto目的 为了Eg Westudyhardinordertomakeacontributiontothesociety 2 Whatisthepurposeoftheaccounting 3 UsersofAccountingInformation 会计信息的使用者 Owners业主 managers经理 creditors债权人 governmentsagencies政府机构 customers 顾客laborunions工会 andcompetitors对手 Revenue收入Expenses费用Profits利润 Assets资产Liabilities负债Owner sequity业主权益 所有者权益 4 Threebasicaccountingelements 会计的三个基本要素 Theyexistineverybusinessentity 4 Threebasicaccountingelements 会计的三个基本要素 5 Accountingequation 资产 负债 所有者权益 equal plus minus Assets Liabilities Owner sequity Assets Liabilities Owner sequity Netassets Owner sequity 1 Express表示2 Equityaredividedintoliabilitiesandowner sequity divideinto把 分成 eg Wewilldividethestudentsintothreegroups 3 thethirdcanbecalculate compute 计算出来 6 Usefulexpressions 4 Underthebusinessentityprinciple在企业实体原则下 5 theaccountingelementsareaffected 相互影响 byeachother 6 Theaccountingequationmustbeinbalance 平衡 7 Readthephrasesandtext 8 Dosomeexercises CtoEorEtoCasset liability equity speciallanguage usefulinformation makedecision accountingelement 资产 权益 特别的言语 会计要素 有用的信息 作出决策 负债 2 Completethefollowingsentences 1 Accountingisa ofbusiness 2 Thepurposeofaccountingistoprovide tomake 3 Therearethreebasicaccountingelements and 4 Atalltimes theaccountingequationmustbein 5 Equitiesaredividedinto and speciallanguage usefulinformation decisions assetsliabilities owner sequity balance liabilitiesowner sequity Step4 Sumup 1 Theaccountingpurposeandelements 2 UsersofAccountingInformation 1 FinishB ReadingPart1EX 1and22 Readthetextbyheart Step5 Homework UNITONEFinancialPositionandAccountingEquation Financialposition economicresourcesbelongingtoacompanyandtheclaims equities againstthoseresourcesatapointintime Economicresources equitiesEconomicresources creditor sequity owner sequityAccountingequation assets liabilities owner sequity fourtypesoftransactionsthataffectowner sequity Owner sinvestments Owner sequity revenues Owner swithdrawals expenses Part2 AccountingProcess Step1Review 1 Whoaretheaccountingusers 2 What sthepurposeofaccounting 3 Whatarethebasicaccountingelements Thefullformofaccountingequation Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity Revenue Expenses Owner sequity Definition theresidualinterestintheassetsofanentitythatremainsafterdeductingitsliabilities Owner sequity assets liabilitiesOwner sequity netassets Liabilities Definition probablefuturesacrificesofeconomicbenefitsarisingfrompresentobligationsofaparticularentitytotransferassetsorprovideservicestootherentitiesinthefutureasaresultofpasttransactionsorevents Kindsofliabilities currentliabilitiesandlong termliabilities Assets Definition probablefutureeconomicbenefitsobtainedorcontrolledbyaparticularentityasaresultofpasttransactionsorevents economicresourcesownedbyabusinessthatareexpectedtobenefitfutureoperations Kindsofassets currentassets fixedassetsandintangibleassets Economicresourcesarereferredtoasassetsandcreditors equitiesarereferredtoasliabilities Equities creditor sequityandowner sequity Currentassets cash accountsreceivable inventories Fixedassets land buildings andequipmentIntangibleassets patent trademarkandbrandname copyright franchise Currentliabilities 流动负债 accountspayable应付账款 salariespayable应付薪金 taxespayable应付税金 Long termliabilities长期负债 bondspayable应付债 CLASSROOMEXERCISES Indicatebelowwhethereachaccountisanassets A liabilities L orapartofowner sequity OE Cash SalariesPayable AccountsReceivable Johnson CapitalLand AccountsPayable Supplies Land Supplies OE A A A A L L A OE A A A A L L A Classroomexercises 1 Identifythefollowingtransactionsbytypeofowner sequitytransactionbymarkingeachaseitheranowner sinvestment I owner swithdrawal W revenue R expense E ornotanowner sequitytransaction NOE a Receivedcashforprovidingaservice b Tookassetsoutofbusinessfromapersonalaccount C Receivedcashfromacustomerpreviouslybilledforaservice d Transferredassetstothebusinessfromapersonalaccount e Paidservicestationforgasoline f Performedaserviceandreceivedapromiseofpayment g Paidcashtopurchaseequipment h Paidcashtoemployeeforservicesperformed Part2ILLUSTRATIVETRANSACTIONS Transactions1 Johnbeginshisbusinessbydepositing 50 000inabankaccountinthenameofShannonRealty investment Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity1 50 000 50 000Bal 50 000 50 000 2 Johnpurchasesalotfor 10 000andasmallbuildingonthelotfor 25 000withcash purchaseofassetswithcash Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 50 000 50 0002 10 000 land 25 000 building 35 000 cash Bal 50 000 50 000 3 Johnbuyssomeofficesuppliesfor 500oncredit Purchaseofassetsbyincurringaliability Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 50 000 50 0003 500 supplies 500 accountspayable Bal 50 500 500 50 000 4 Johnpays 200ofthe 500owedforthesupplies paymentofaliabilities Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 50 500 500 50 000 200 cash 200 accountspayable Bal 50 300 300 50 000 5 ShannonRealtysellsahouseandreceivesacommissionincashof 1 500 Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 50 300 300 50 0005 1 500 cash 1 500 revenue Bal 51 800 300 51 500 6 Johnsellsahousecallingforacommissionof 2 000 butJohnagreestowaitforthepayment revenueoncredit Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 51 800 300 51 500 2 000 accountsreceivable 2 000 revenue Bal 53 800 300 53 500 7 AfewdayslaterShannonreceives 1 000fromtheclient Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 53 800 300 53 5007 1 000 cash 1 000 accountsreceivable bal 53 800 300 53 500 8 JohnShannonpays 1 000torentsomeequipmentfortheoffice Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 53 800 300 53 5008 1 000 cash 1 000 expense bal 52 800 300 52 500 9 Johnpays 400inwagestoapart timehelper expense Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 52 800 300 52 5009 400 cash 400 expense Bal 52 400 300 52 100 10 Johnhasn tpaidthebillofutilityexpenseof 300 Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 52 400 300 52 100 300 accountspayable 300 expense Bal 52 400 600 51 800 11 Johnwithdraws 600incashfromShannonRealtyanddepositsitinhispersonalaccount Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity 52 400 600 51 80011 600 cash 600 capital Ba 51 800 600 51 200 Classroomexercises CharleneRudekfinishedlawschoolinJuneandimmediatelysetupherownlawpractice Duringthefirstmonthofoperationshecompletedthefollowingtransactions 1 Beganthelawpracticebyplacing 2 000inabankaccountestablishedforthebusiness 2 Purchasedalawlibraryfor 900cash 3 Purchasedofficesuppliesfor 400oncredit 4 Accepted 500incashforcompletingacontract 5 Billedclients 1 950forservicesrenderedduringthemonth 6 Paid 200oftheamountowedforofficesupplies 7 Received 1 250incashfromoneclientwhohadbeenpreviouslybilledforservicesrendered 8 Paidrentexpenseforthemonthintheamountof 1 200 9 Withdrew 400fromthepracticeforpersonaluse Onasheetofpaper listthenumbers1through10 withcolumnsforAssets Liabilities andOwner sEquity Inthecolumns indicatewhethereachtransactioncausedanincrease adecrease ornochange NC inassets liabilities andowner sequity DuringthemonthofApril GrissomCo hadthefollowingtransactions 1 PaidsalariesforApril 1 800 2 Purchasedequipmentoncredit 3000 3 Purchasedsupplieswithcash 100 4 Additionalinvestmentbyowner 4 000 5 Paidforpartofequipmentpreviouslypurchasedoncredit 1 000 6 Receivedpaymentforservicesperformed 600 7 Billedcustomersforservicesperformed 1 600 8 Withdrewcash 1 500 9 Receivedpaymentfromcustomersbilledpreviously 300 10 Receivedutilitybill 70 Part3ProfessionalEthicsandAccountingProfession ProfessionalEthicsandtheAccountingProfession Revisions 1 Accountingequation2 Useaccountingequationtoanalyzethetransactions AccountingProfession EthicsManagementAccountingPublicAccountingGovernmentandotherNot for ProfitAccountingAccountingEducation EthicsEthicsistheapplicationofacodeofconducttoeverydaylife Itaddressesthequestionofwhetheractionsaregoodorbad rightorwrong Ethicsactionsaretheresultsofindividualdecisionsandyouarefacedwithmanyethicalsituationseveryday ManagementAccountinganaccountantwhoisemployedbyabusinessissaidtobeinmanagementaccounting Asmallbusinessmayhaveonlyonepersondoingthiswork thoughamedium sizeorlargecompanymayhavehundredsofaccountantsworkingunderachiefaccountingofficercalledacontroller treasurer orfinancialvicepresident PublicAccountingthefieldofpublicaccountingoffersservicesinauditing taxes andmanagementconsultingtothepublicforafee GovernmentandOtherNot for ProfitAccountingAgenciesanddepartmentsatalllevelsofgovernmenthireaccountantstopreparereportsthatofficialscanresponsiblycarryouttheirduties Not for Profitorganizationsarehospitals colleges universities andfoundations AccountingEducationTrainingnewaccountantsisachallengingandrewardingcareer andtodayinstructorsofaccountingareingreatdemand inmanyschoolsholdingtheCPA CMA orCIAcertificatewillhelpandinstructortoadvanceprofessionally Part4Accounts Revisions 1 Professionalethics2 Theclassificationoftheaccountingprofession Accounts Assets CashNotesReceivableAccountsReceivablePrepaidExpensesLandBuildingsEquipment Cash Cashisthetitleoftheaccountusedtorecordincreasesanddecreasesincash Cashconsistsofmoneyoranymediumofexchangethatabankwillacceptatfacevaluefordeposit Cash coins currency checks postalandexpressmoneyorders moneydepositedinabankorbanks cashonhand NotesReceivable Apromissorynoteisawrittenpromisetopayadefinitesumofmoneyatafixedfuturedate AccountsduefromothersintheformofpromissorynotesarerecordedinanaccountcalledNotesReceivable AccountsReceivable AccountsReceivableisincurredbyCreditSales orSalesonAccount CreditsalesincreaseAccountsReceivable PrepaidExpenses PrepaidInsuranceOfficeSuppliesPrepaidRentStoreSuppliesPrepaidTaxes Land Landaccountisusedtorecordpurchasesofpropertytobeusedintheordinaryoperationsofthebusiness Buildings PurchaseofstructurestobeusedinthebusinessarerecordedinanaccountcalledBuildings Althoughabuildingcannotbeseparatedfromthelanditoccupies itisimportanttomaintainseparateaccountsforthelandandthebuildings Equipment OfficeEquipment desks chairs officemachines filingcabinets andtypewriters StoreEquipment cashregisterscounters showcases shelves andsimilaritems MachineryandEquipment lathes drillpressesandotherequipment TrucksandAutomobiles Part6LiabilityandOwner sEquity 李海红 Revisions Assets CashNotesReceivableAccountsReceivablePrepaidExpensesLandBuildingsEquipment Liability NotesPayableAccountsPayableOtherShort TermLiabilitiesLong termLiabilities Owner sEquity CapitalAccountWithdrawalsAccountRevenuesandExpense NotesPayable NotesPayableistheoppositeofNotesReceivable Itisusedtorecordincreasesanddecreasesinpromissorynoteamountsowedtocreditorswithinthenextyearoroperatingcycle AccountsPayable AccountsPayableistheoppositeofAccountsReceivable ItcomesfromCreditPurchase OtherShort TermLiability WagesPayableTaxesPayableRentPayableInterestPayableUnearnedFeesCustomerDepositUnearnedRevenue CapitalAccount Whensomeoneinvestsinhisorherowncompany theamountoftheinvestmentisrecordedinacapitalaccount WithdrawalAccount Apersonwhoinvestsinabusinessusuallyexpectstoearnanincomeantouseatleastpartoftheassetsearnedfromprofitableoperationstopaypersonallivingexpenses RevenueandExpenseAccounts Revenuesincreaseowner sequity andexpensesdecreaseowner sequity CommissionsEarnedAdvertisingFeesEarnedWagesExpenseSuppliesExpenseRentExpenseAdvertisingExpense T AccountandDouble EntrySystem 李海红 Revisions AssetsaccountsLiabilitiesaccountsOwner sEquityaccounts T accountandDouble EntrySystem Evolutionofthedouble entrysystemTheT account 辽宁对外经贸学院精品课 高职课 会计英语主讲人 李海红讲师 DebitCreditforforDecreaseIncrease Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity DebitCreditforforDecreaseIncrease DebitCreditforforIncreaseDecrease Theaccountingequation ThebasicrulesofT account Assets Liabilities Owner sEquity JOURNALSandJOURNALIZING Journals generaljournal special purposejournalJournalizing theprocessofrecordingtransactionsinajournal H Examples ThefollowingtransactionsfortheJoanMillerAdvertisingAgencyhappenedinJanuary January1 JoanMillerinvested 10 000tostartherownadvertisingagency January2 Rentedanoffice payingtwomonth srent 800 January5 PurchasedofficeequipmentfromMorganEquipmentfor 3 000 paying 1 500incashandagreeingtopaytherestnextmonth January6 Purchasedoncreditartsuppliesfor 1 800andofficesuppliesfor 800fromTaylorSupplyCompany January19 PerformedaservicebyplacingseveralmajoradvertisementforWardDepartmentStores Thefeeof 2 800isbillednowbutwillbecollectednextmonth S Recordthefollowingtransactionsinthegeneraljournal January8 Paid 480foraone yearinsurancepolicywithcoverageeffectiveJanuary1 January9 PaidTaylorSupplyCompany 1 000oftheamountowed January10 Performedaservicebyplacingadvertisementsforanautomobiledealerinthenewspaperandcollectedafeeof 1 400 Homework January12 Paidthesecretarytwoweeks wages 600 January15 Accepted 1 000asanadvancefeeforartworktobedoneforanotheragency January25 JoanMillerwithdrew 1 400fromthebusinessforpersonallivingexpenses January26 Paidthesecretarytwomoreweeks wages 600 January29 Receivedandpaidtheutilitybillof 100 January30 Received butdidnotpay atelephonebill 70 GeneralJournal 111 311 2005 Jan 1 Cash 10 000 10 000 JoanMiller Capital Investmentinbusiness 2005 Jan 2 PrepaidRent Cash Paidtheofficerentinadvance 117 111 800 800 2005 Jan 19 AccountsReceivable AdvertisementFeesEarned Revenueearned tobecollectedlater 113 411 4 200 4 200 2005 Jan 5 OfficeEquipment Cash AccountsPayable Partialpaymentofofficeequipment 146 111 212 3000 1 500 1 500 2005 Jan 6 ArtSupplies OfficeSupplies AccountsPayable Purchaseofsuppliesoncredit 115 116 212 1 800 800 2 600 Year Month Day Thenameoftheaccountsdebitedandcredited Abriefexplanationofthetransactions Debitamount Creditamount Revisions 1 Posting2 Ledgers TheTrialBalance Theequalityofdebitandcreditbalancesintheledgershouldbetestedperiodicallybypreparingatrialbalance Thestepsinpreparingatrialbalancefollow 1 Determinethebalanceofeachaccountintheledger 2 Listeachledgeraccountthathasabalance withthedebitbalancesintheleftcolumnandthecreditbalancesintherightcolumn Accountsarelistedintheordertheyappearintheledger 3 Addeachcolumn 4 Comparethetotalsofeachcolumn JoanMillerAdvertisingAgencyTrialBalanceJanuary31 2005 TheMeasurementofBusinessIncome NetIncomeNetincomeisthenetincreaseinowner sequityresultingfromtheoperationsofthecompany Netincome initssimplestform ismeasuredbythedifferencebetweenrevenuesandexpenses Netincome revenues expenses Revenues inthesimplestcase theyequalthepriceofgoodssoldandservicesrenderedduringperiodoftime Expenses expensesarethecostsofthegoodsandservicesusedupinthecourseofgainingrevenues Oftencalledthecostofdoingbusiness expensesincludethecostsofgoodssold thecostsofactivitiesnecessarytocarryonthebusiness TheAdjustment 1 Apportioningrecordedexpensesbetweentwoormoreaccountingperiods deferrals PrepaidRentPrepaidInsuranceArtSuppliesandOfficeSuppliesDepreciationofPlantandEquipment 2 Apportioningrecordedrevenuesbetweentwoormoreaccountingperiods Unearnedartfees PrepaidRent RentExpense400PrepaidRent400 PrepaidInsurance InsuranceExpense40PrepaidInsurance40 ArtSuppliesandOfficeSupplies ArtSuppliesExpense500ArtSupplies500OfficeSuppliesExpense200Offic