英语的人称代词

英语的人称代词 Personal Pronoun 有三种不同的人称形式 第一人称 First Person 指说话人自己 第二人称 Second Person 指说话的对象 第 三人称 Third Person 指说话人谈论的对象 三种人称又各有单 复数形式 第三人称单数还有阳性 阴性 中性的区别 这样 人称代词就具有下列诸种形 式 在上列人称代词的不同形式中 还包含了主格 Subjective Case 宾格 Objective Case 两种 格 的形式 这样 从 格 的形式来划分 英语的 人称代词又可归纳为 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 此外 还有所有格形式 属格 my mine your yours his her hers its our ours their theirs 属格又可分为两类 一类是形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our their 即本书所讲的 物主限定词 另一 类是名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers ours theirs 即本书中的 物主代词 主 格 宾 格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称单数 I me my mine 第二人称单数 you you your yours 第三人称单数 he she it him her it his her its his hers its 第一人称复数 we us our ours 第二人称复数 you you your yours 第三人称复数 they them their theirs 人称代词用法 1 人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语 例如 John waited a while but eventually he went home 约翰等了一会儿 最后他回家了 John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽 还真是她 说明 在复合句中 如果主句和从句主语相同 代词主语要用在从句中 名词主语用在主句中 例如 When he arrived John went straight to the bank 约翰一到就直接去银行了 2 人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语 但在口语中也能作主语补语 第 一人称在省略句中 还可以作主语 例如 I saw her with them at least I thought it was her 我看到她和他们在一起 至少我认为是她 her 做宾语 them 做介词宾语 her 做主语补语 a Who broke the vase 谁打碎了花瓶 b Me 我 me 做主语补语 It s me 说明 在上面两例句中 her 和 me 分别作主语补语 现代英语中多用宾格 在正式文体中这里应为 she 和 I 人称代词主宾格的替换 1 宾格代替主格 a 在简短对话中 当人称代词单独使用或在 not 后 多用宾语 I like English 我喜欢英语 Me too 我也喜欢 Have more wine 再来点酒喝吗 Not me 我可不要了 b 在表示比较的非正式的文体中 常用宾格代替主格 但如果比较状语的谓语保 留 则主语只能用主格 He is taller than I me He is taller than I am 2 主格代替宾格 a 在介词 but except 后 有时可用主格代替宾格 b 在电话用语中常用主格 I wish to speak to Mary 我想和玛丽通话 This is she 我就是玛丽 注意 在动词 be 或 to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定 I thought it was she 我以为是她 主格 主格 I thought it to be her 宾格 宾格 I was taken to be she 我被当成了她 主格 主格 They took me to be her 他们把我当成了她 宾格 宾格 物主代词的定义 物主代词实际上是人称代词的所有格形式 根据其句法作用 物主代词可以 分为形容词性和名词性两种 形容词性物主代词一定要后接名词 如 This is my book 这是我的书 名词性物主代词可以独立使用 无需后接名词 如 This book is mine 这本书是我的 物主代词的用法 1 物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用 例如 John had cut his finger apparently there was a broken glass on his desk 约翰割破了手指 显而易见 他桌子上有个破玻璃杯 名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的 s 属格结构 例如 Jack s cap 意为 The cap is Jack s His cap 意为 The cap is his 2 形容词性物主代词的句法功能 形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前 用作定语 限定该名词的意义 例如 My name is John Green 我叫约翰 格林 Excuse me is this your car 对不起 这是您的车吗 His parents are in England 他的父母在英国 They wash their faces every day 他们每天都洗脸 本句中的 their 无须译 出 3 名词性物主代词的句法功能 a 作主语 例如 May I use your pen Yours works better 我可以用一用你的钢笔吗 你的比我的好用 b 作宾语 例如 I love my motherland as much as you love yours 我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深 c 作介词宾语 例如 Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word not in yours 你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话 而不能按你自己的意义去解释 d 作主语补语 例如 The life I have is yours It s yours It s yours 我的生命属于 你 属于你 属于你 4 名词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词 名词 为避免重复使用名词 有时可用 名词性物主代词 来代替 形容词性物主 代词 名词 的形式 例 My bag is yellow her bag is red his bag is blue and your bag is pink 为避免重复使用 bag 可写成 My bag is yellow hers is red his is blue and yours is pink 练习题 一 写出下列人称代词的复数形式及宾格形式 I you she it he 二 填空 1 Let I help you 2 Let we go 3 I are students 4 I can t find they 5 Give he the book 三 选择 1 are in the same class A Her and me B She and l C Me and her D l and she 2 Here is a seat for A both us B us both C bothof us D B and C 3 Do you like these computers No I don t like A all them B them all C everyong D any 4 Tom found interesting to clinmb hills A it B it is C that D this 5 Our tercher think are right A ours B ourselver C We D us 6 have been inveted to the Party A HE I and you B I you and he C You I and he D You he and I 四 用括号中的适当形式填空 1 Are these you pencils Yes they are our 2 Whose is this pencil It s I 3 I love they very much 4 She is I classmate 五 代词练习 A 写出各个代词的对应项 I my myself You yours him herself it us yours their B 用代词的适当形式填空 1 Miss Gao teaches English at school and I teach at home 2 I need a new schoolbag so I would buy one for 3 This is not my coat is newer than this one Maybe is she 4 Here are some cookies Help you 5 Jim held a party last night All friends came and enjoyed 6 Lucy fell off bike hurt badly 7 The girl is too young can t dress so mother dresses every morning 8 Who cooks for when mother is out Nobody cook s 9 Bob s grandpa hurt parents took to the hospital They left Bob by so had to look after 10 This is not bike is broken Nobody can help to mend it so must mend it all by 六 英语代词语法练习 Exercise 3 1 Is this dictionary a you b yours c your d hers 2 It s a bird name is Happy a It s b It c Its d His 3 what color is your cat Is it a white a cat s b that c one d it 4 please give the key to a his b he c him d mine 5 house is yours a whose b where c How d which 6 whose room is that it s a my brothers b them c of my brother d theirs 7 I ve been expecting letters the whole morning but there aren t for me a some one b many a few c some any d a few none 8 You are hungry Why don t you have bread a little b any c some d few 9 Bob and his brother went on holiday with a nephew of a theirs b their c his d him 10 Our children can take care of now a their b themself c themselves d them 11 is that bike Is it Tom s a which b whose c who s d what a her and me b she and me c she and I d I and she 12 My parents love better than a my brother and my sister I b my brother and my sister s me c my brother and my sister mine d my brother and my sister me 131 Don t you think the thief to be a him b his c man d he 七 用所给词的适当形式填空 Shall we go to the zoo by bus or by bike Ms Ding teaches we maths Bob loves he mother very much Do they know they new teacher we new model plane can fly very high I have a lovely cat it name is Carl Jim is a very good boy We all like he The boy under the tree is Henry This is he bike She doesn t like she new dress at all Who bought 买 it for she Who is the man over there is we headmaster Is this red coat yours No is yellow 八 根据提示填空 1 Where are 我的 shoes 2 Are those 你的 shoes 3 他 looks up at 她 4 Could you come and play with 我 5 I can help 他 with 他的 English 6 Do you like 她 7 我们的 teacher asks 我们 to study hard 8 Why do you make 他们 sit there quiet 9 谁的 car is this It s 她的 10 This car is for you it s now 九 改错 判断下列句子中的代词是否有错误 如果有请改正 1 I like he 2 This cheese is your 3 We call they lions 4 Those toy planes are my 5 Can me help you 6 What is her doing 7 She is reading a book for they 8 It isn t her it s mine 十 请将下列单词分类 并写出汉语意思 It yours us her his me hers it them mine you our him ours her you my your his their theirs its 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 I me 我 my 我的 mine You 你 you 你 your 你的 yours He him 他 his 他的 his She her 她 her 她的 hers It it 它 its 它的 its We us 我们 our 我们的 ours You 你们 you 你们 your 你们的 yours They them 她 他 它 们 their 她 他 它 们的 theirs 十一 用所给词的适当形式填空 Shall we we go to the zoo by bus or by bike Ms Ding teaches us we maths Bob loves his he mother very much Do they know their they new teacher Our we new model plane can fly very high I have a lovely cat its it name is Carl Jim is a very good boy We all like him he The boy under the tree is Henry This is his he bike She doesn t like her she new dress at all Who bought 买 it for her she Who is the man over there He is our we headmaster Is this red coat yours No mine is yellow 十二 练习 1 This is not desk My desk is over there 2 Can you spell name Harry Sorry 3 Tom and Jack are brothers This is room 4 We are in the same class classroom is very nice 5 Mrs Green is my teacher I m student 6 That s a cat name is Mimi 7 Tom is in the room This is pencil box 8 Sam and Peter look at hands They are so dirty 9 Mike is this picture Yes it is 10 Can we put coats here Yes you can 11 Mum they are classmates Rose and brother David 12 Jack where are socks 十三 用括号中的适当形式填空 1 Are these you pencils Yes they are our 2 Whose is this pencil It s I 3 I love they very much 4 She is I classmate 5 Miss Li often looks after she brother 6 Are these they bags No they aren t their They are we 十四 英语代词练习 1 Which of textbooks is yours A this B that C these 2 is mine is hers A It B This C Those D That 3 The area of Shanghai is larger than of Suzhou A this B those C that 4 The bicycles made in Tianjin are much better than made in Beijing A that B these C those 5 will spend the summer vacation in Qingdao A He you and I B You he and I C I you and he 6 Who is singing there is Li Ming s sister A She B This C It 7 She is an old classmate of A me B my C mine 8 Take care of A myself B you C yourself 9 My brother knows just very English A few B a little C little 10 The weather is very wet because there had been rain this summer A many B much C a few 11 The radio is almost the same as A She s B her C hers 12 How English phrases do you think you have learned this term A much B many C any 13 Dr Bethune worked devotedly for the Chinese revolution but he never thought of A his B his own C himself 14 The commune members built the big dam A them B themselves C theirs 15 Practice in is learning A himself B itself C herself 16 The Yugoslav people deeply mourned great leader Tito A theirs B they C their 17 One should do bit on the new Long March A oneself B one s C ones 18 task will be completed soon A Ours B Ourselves C Our 19 You had better ask the mother about good deeds A hers B her C oneself D herself 20 We should be strict with in study A myself B our own C ourselves 21 During the examination no one is allowed to ask questions A some B any C each D all 22 How did the coat cost you A many B much C money D much yuan 23 I bought a nice skirt for A she B her C herself 24 Mr Zhang praised for progress in studies A he B him C his 25 Do you need coffee A some B any C many 26 Will you have sweets A any B some C much 27 of us want to go swimming in a cold day A no B none C so D such 28 Some like physics like chemistry A the other B others C the others 29 There are four dictionaries on the bookshelf One is French are English A the other B another C the others 30 The children don t like this story Please tell them A the other B another C the other s 31 My parents are cadres A all B both C either 32 These cups are ours Those are A others B others C other s 33 The Beijing Library is larger than library in China A any B any other C the other 34 China is larger than country in Europe A any B any other C all 35 Do you have any books on atomic physics Yes I have A a few B few C a little 十六 选择填空 1 These are pens and are pencils that this those 2 Tom was sick yesterday is why he missed school That Those These 3 Which of shirts are Tom s These this that 4 This desk is mine is hers those this that 5 The map of Beijing is better than of Tianjing this that these 6 He Her His mane is Jack She He His is a cook 7 I My Mine aunt is a nurse She He Her works very hard 8 Please show me I mine the way 9 The books aren t my mine I They It Its may be her hers your 10 Let I me mine tell her she hers how to do it 11 Help you your yourself to some fish pleas