高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解暑假选练42.doc

四川旺苍县2017高考英语阅读理解暑假选练2016高考模拟题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The British MuseumDescription: The British Museum is a museum in London, which is one of the worlds greatest museums of human history and culture. Its collections, which number more than 13 million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning to the present.The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane. The museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759 in Montagu House in Bloomsbury, on the site of the current museum building. Its expansion over the following two and a half centuries was largely a result of an expanding British colonial footprint and has resulted in the creation of several branch institutions. Until 1997, when the British Library （previously centered on the Round Reading Room）moved to a new site, the British Museum housed both a national museum of antiquities and a national library in the same building. The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored（赞助）by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Since 2002 the director of the museum has been Neil MacGregor.Admission and opening hours:The museum is open every day from 10am to 6pm （Fridays 10am to 5:30pm）and it charges no admission fee, except for loan exhibitions.How to get there:By train: 7:00-18:30 every day. By Underground: 8:00-18:30 every day. By bus: 7:30-18:30 every day. By coach: 7:00-19:30 every day. Nearest underground stations: Tottenham Court Road （500m） Holborn （500m） Russell Square （800m）1. When was the British Museum opened to the public for the first time? A. In 1753. B. In 1759. C. In 1997. D. In 2002.2. You are at the Museum at seven in the evening and you want to go back to Oxford. Which means of transportation will you choose?A. By coach. B. By bus. C. By train. D. By underground.3. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the text? A. The British Museum has collected more than 13 million objects. B. The British Museum is open from 10 am to 6 pm every day. C. The British Museum is a great museum of human history and culture. D. The British Museums expansion in the past was mainly because of an expanding British colonial footprint.参考答案13、BAB社会文化（阅读理解）由 (2013陕西,C)改编According to sociologists(社会学家),every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层).Class,power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.Class means a persons economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class,middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined,they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class,and 1% the upper class.Interestingly,a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning$50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously,people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power,but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand,however.For example,the governor of a state has great power,but he or she may not belong to a corresponding(相应的)economic class.Generally,however,there is a relationship between power and class.To our knowledge,there arent too many people who arent millionaires in the U.S.Senate!Status is the honor or respect attached to a persons position in society.It can also be affected by power and class,but not necessarily so.For example,a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.1.What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2?()A.People earning $50,000 a year belong to the middle class.B.Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class.C.People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.D.Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.2.According to the text,we know that .A.power and class do not always correspond with each otherB.status refers to a persons economic position in societyC.people with high status have a lot of control over othersD.class is less important in deciding a persons social rank3.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?()语篇解读:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代工业社会中的阶级、权力以及社会地位的不同含义及相互之间的关系。答案及剖析:1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class,and 1% the upper class.”可知,将近一半的美国人属于中产阶级。故B项正确。2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Power and class do not always go hand in hand”以及后面所举的例子可知,权力和阶级并不总是一致的。3.A篇章结构题。通读全文可知,文章首先在第一段总述了“Class,power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.”然后分别在第二、三、四段说明了class,power以及status的含义及划分,故文章为“总分”结构。故答案为A。【疑难词汇解读】 1.regard sb.as将某人认为是She is widely regarded as the current leaders natural successor.人们普遍认为她是现任领导的当然继承者。2.hand in hand密切关联Wealth and power go hand in hand in most societies.在大多数社会里,财富和权力都是密切相关的。【长难句子分析】 Interestingly,状语 a surgeon (earning$500,000 a year)后置定语并列主语 and a bus driver (earning$50,000 a year)后置定语both并列主语 regard谓语 themselves宾语 asthe middle class!宾语补足语有趣的是,年薪50万美元的外科医生和年薪5万美元的公交车司机都称自己为中产阶级。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东珠海市高三上期末质量监测】Once again, rumors are spreadingJudgement Day, this time, is set to happen on December 21st, 2012The date originated from the Mayan calendar, but actually gained popularity through the hit movie, 2012How will the world end? And how do we know the exact date? There are many theories: A meteoroid from outer space; a solar storm; a shift in the earths poles; bla bla blaThey all supposedly pointed to the date of December 21st, 2012Unfortunately, none of it is trueZhu Jin, director of Beijing Planetarium, said, For earth itself, the end will be billions of years away from nowAnd for us humans, there is a very small chance that we may be affected by some astronomical factorsHowever, we dont have the ability to foresee such events so farSo when someone tells you the world is going to end on an exact date, it must be fakeBut the truth hasnt stopped people from believingIn the sci-fi movie 2012, the director imagined the end of the world based on the Mayan calendarThe film earned nearly 770 million US dollars worldwide. Ning Hong, Hebei Province, saidThe movie 2012 did get one thing rightThere are arks eing made in China, But theyre not being built secretly inside the mountainsThey are constructed here in the courtyard of a factoryIn April, Liu Qiyuan quit his furniture business and devoted himself to developing these huge round ballsHe doesnt believe the end is near, but he wants to be prepared just in caseLiu Qiyuan, the Ark builder, said, The concept originated twenty years agoThe Tangshan earthquake had flattened our house, so I wanted to build a shelter that wouldnt fallThen in 2004, I saw the tsunami in Indonesia that killed so many peopleThen I realized it should be something that could withstand the earthquake and float on waterLiu is hoping to use his invention as a life boat on the seaHes planning to test his product on the water next year It turns out that rumour, though false, is good for businessDoomsday discounts and products are hot on many online storesWhile its surely attracted attention, many complain that it misleads consumersTheir purpose is to promote productsIf they believe the world is going to endwho would buy things? Money would be useless, too41The purpose of the movie 2012 was .Ato popularize scientific knowledge for the viewersBto make a profit from the viewersC to tell the viewers an interesting factual storyDto warn the viewers of a disastrous event【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据The film earned nearly 770 million US dollars worldwide.可知电影赢得了很大的收益，故选B。42The word fake in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to Aa joke Ba lie Cuntrue Dterrifying【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据none of it is true，2012年是世界末日是假的，故选C。43Liu Qiyuan quit his job and built his ark because _Ahe believed that the world was going to end on Dec21,2012Bhe was tired of making money from his furniture businessChe was almost killed in Indonesia in 2004Dhe wanted to make preparations for destructive natural disasters【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据The Tangshan earthquake had flattened our house, so I wanted to build a shelter that wouldnt fallThen in 2004, I saw the tsunami in Indonesia that killed so many peopleThen I realized it should be something that could withstand the earthquake and float on water这是为了抵御大的自然灾害，故选D。44Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?ARuinous were created by businessmen to promote their productsBThe movie 2012 was very popular and a great many people watched itCOne theory said that the earth was to shift its two poles on Dec21,2012DLiu Qiyuans ark was intended to survive earthquakes and terrible floods【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据The date originated from the Mayan calendar 及It turns out that rumour, though false, is good for business根据玛雅文化推出来的并非是生意人的谣言，但是受益的人却是生意人。故选A。45We can infer from the passage that _ATune and time again people spread rumours about the worlds end for one reason or anotherBThe Mayas prediction about the worlds end has failedCIn the movie 2012 big arks were built secretly inside the mountainsDLiu Qiyuan was bom before 1976 and is at least 36 years old【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。theyre not being built secretly inside the mountainsThey are constructed here in the courtyard of a factory电影中的方舟是在山里秘密进行制造的，故选C。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省三模】-ADutch treat is a late-nineteenth-century term, and it originally refers to a dinner where everyone is expected to pay for his own share of the food and drink. If people go “Dutch treat”, or simply “go Dutch”, it means that they will share the expenses of a social engagement. There are many other “Dutch” expressions in English, many of which were invented in Britain in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad, cheap and shameful. A “Dutch bargain” at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; “Dutch reckoning” was an unitemized account; and “Dutch widow” was slang for prostitute. Later centuries brought in “Dutch courage”, for bravery induced by drink; “Dutch concert”, for discordant music; “Dutch nightingale”, meaning a frog; and “double Dutch”, for incomprehensible language, or unintelligible talk. Some of the expressions are still in use today, but some are not. In fact, in American English, some “Dutch” expressions have nothing to do with the Dutch, but something with the German. It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German), when German immigrants came to America in the 1700s. For instance, “the Pennsylvania Dutch” refers to the German descendants, instead of the Dutch descendants, living in Pennsylvania