英语名词性从句专练

名词性从句 一 语法要点 名词性从句就是句子担任名词性的成分 如主语 宾语 表语 同位语 它包括主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 1 主语从句 1 What he said is true 2 When they will arrive is not known yet 3 That he succeeded in doing the experiment was encouraging 4 Whether he will accept the invitation remains a secret 5 It is important that we should learn English well 2 宾语从句 1 I don t know if he has done the work 2 Did he say that he liked football 3 They expected that they would be given another chance 4 The girl told me that she had longed to visit China 3 表语从句 1 The question is whether we have enough time to do the experiment again 2 His greatest wish was that someday he would become a general 3 His suggestion was that we should discuss the plan carefully 4 My question is when they can finish the work 4 同位语从句 1 You have no idea how eager they are to know the result 2 He made a suggestion that the work should be given to him 3 Have you heard the news that Premire Wen visited our school last Friday 4 The fact that he got full mark in the composition made his parents very happy 名词性从句主要从以下几点把握 1 语序 从句一定要是陈述语序 如 1 These pictures will show you what the village looks like now 2 How many guests will be invited isn t decided yet 2 时态 宾语从句的时态需要和主句进行协调 如主句是过去时 从句要用 相应的过去时 1 He told me that he had seen the film 2 They said they would spend their holiday in Hainan 3 Father said he was carrying out an important project 4 Did you know where the accident took place 3 连词 引导名词性从句的连词分为三种 连词 that whether if 在主语 表语 同位语从句中用 whether 不用 if 连接代词 who whom whose which what 等 连接副词 when where how why 等 1 Whether the team has won the game is not announced yet 主语从句 2 How many people will take part in the competition will be known soon 主语从句 3 My idea is that we should spend our holidays by the seaside 表语从句 4 My question is how they finished the work in such a short time 表语从 句 5 Many people are shocked at the news that there are so many SARS cases in Beijing 同位语从句 6 His suggestion that we should discuss the plan again has been received 同位语从句 7 I didn t know if they had seen the film 宾语从句 8 We haven t decided when we ll start the project 宾语从句 4 形式主语和形式宾语的应用 当主语从句比较长 主句比较短时 通常用形式主语it 而把从句放在后面 如 1 It is said that they have succeeded in working out the problem 2 It was important that we should make the plan carefully 3 It remains a secret how the animals came to live in the sea 当宾语从句后面有补语的时候 我们也需要用形式宾语it 而将宾语从句放在 补语之后 如 1 I found it very difficult that one learns several languages at the same time 2 He thinks it necessary that we should be given more time practising oral English 3 He made it clear that he would leave the office soon 5 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用 在 demand insist suggest command require request order propose 等表示命令 要求 请求 建议等意义的动词后 宾语从句要用虚拟语气 动词形式为 should do should 可省 直接用动词原形 如 1 He suggested that we should go outing this weekend 2 The Emperor ordered that the clothes should be made for him at once 3 He insisted that we should stay for lunch 这种虚拟语气也可以运用在其他的名词性从句中 从句内容不变 如 1 It was suggested that we should go outing this weekend 主语从句 2 He made a suggestion that we should go outing this weekend 同位语 从句 3 His suggestion was that we should go outing this weekend 表语从句 6 定语从句与同位语从句的区别 定语从句修饰前面的名词 而同位语从句说明前面名词的内容 引导定语从句 的that在从句中担任名词性成分 而同位语从句中的 that 不担任任何句子成分 如 1 Have you heard the news that was broadcast this morning 定语从句 2 Have you heard the news that we defeated the Japanese football team 同位语从句 3 What do you think of the suggestion that was put forward by Lily 定语 从句 4 What do you think of the suggestion that we should speak only English in class 同位语从句 7 几个容易混淆的连词 A whether 和 if whether可以用在所有的名词性从句中 而if 只能用于宾 语从句 另外 如果有介词的话 仍然用whether 1 Whether the advice will be accepted is not known 主语从句 不可 以用 if 2 I have no idea whether he will come 同位语从句 不可以用 if 3 The problem is whether we have enough time to do it again 表语从句 不可以用 if 4 He didn t tell me whether if he would accept my invitation 宾 语从句 两者都可以 5 Everything depends on whether we have enough manpower 介词之后 不用 if B what 和 that that 在名词性从句中不担任句子成分 what 在名词性从 句中做主语 宾语 表语等 通常译为 所 的 如 1 What we have done is very important what 做宾语 2 That they have done the work is good news that 无句子成分 3 I believe what he said what 做宾语 4 I believe that he told truth that 无句子成分 典型例题分析典型例题分析 1 there is life on another planet is almost impossible A Whether B Why C That D How 解析 解析 C 主语从句 从主句看 is almost impossible 从句的内容应该是确 定的 所以无需用表示疑问的连词 2 nothing to do with us A What he has done has B What he did do C What he has done D What he did is 解析 解析 A 主语从句 他所做的与我们无关 have nothing to do with 与 无关 3 You can not trust always tells lies A anyone B whoever C the person D who 解析 解析 B 宾语从句 whoever 相当于 any who 主句缺少宾语 从句缺少 主语 4 I have no idea he will accept my invitation A if B whether C where D how 解析 解析 B 同位语从句 I have no idea 说明从句内容不确定 if 不用于同 位语从句 从句中不缺少地点和方式状语 5 I will accept the gift is none of your business A Which B What C Whether D If 解析 解析 C 主句从句中不缺少句子成分 因此 A 和 B 不对 if 不用在主语 从句中 6 What does he want to express he really means is that he doesn t agree with us A What B That C Whatever D Whether 解析 解析 A 主语从句 what 做从句中的宾语 注意 that 在名词性从句中 不担任句子成分 7 no one likes his idea is not strange at all A What B How C When D That 解析 解析 D 主语从句 从主句看 is not strange at all 一点都不奇怪 从 句的内容应该是确定的 所以无需用表示疑问的连词 8 He always spends a lot time playing computer games That is he always fails his examinations A what B how C why D because 解析 解析 C 表语从句 上句说明现象 下句引出结果 why 引导的句子通 常表示结果 而 because 引导的句子通常表示原因 9 Your article is quite all right the organization is a bit loose A except B except that C except for D beside 解析 解析 B 宾语从句 Except 表示 除了 except that 后面跟从句 对 前面的内容进行修正 10 I can hardly recognize the village Oh it s no longer it used to be A that B when C how D what 解析 解析 D 表语从句 What 在表语从句中做 to be 的表语 11 She works even harder since she got the prize Yes She is never satisfied she has achieved A what B with what C with that D with which 解析 解析 B 宾语从句 句型 be satisfied with 对 感到满意 what she has achieved 她所取得的 12 Everyone has done something for the people in the flooded areas But we are still thinking about we can do more for them A what B that C how D where 解析 解析 C 宾语从句 从句中 do 已经有宾语 more 所以缺少的是状语 13 It is unknown to us they bought such fine clothes A that B what C where D who 解析 解析 C 主语从句 It 是形式主语 真正主语是 where 引导的从句 14 Does matter much if they will not come tomorrow A that B this C it D he 解析 解析 C 主语从句 it 为形式主语 代替 if 引导的从句 其他的词不可 以用作形式主语 15 makes mistakes must correct them A Who B Anyone C Whoever D Anybody 解析 解析 C Whoever 等于 Anyone who Anyone 做整个句子的主语 而 who 引导定语从句 who makes mistakes 模拟试题模拟试题 1 We haven t heard from Jane for a long time What do you suppose to her A was happening B to happen C has happened D having happened 2 No one can be sure in a million years A what man will look like B what will man look like C man will look like what D what look will man like 3 Go and get your coat It s you left it A there B where C there where D where there 4 the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet A Whenever B If C Whether D That 5 I t worried her a bit her hair was turning grey A while B that C if D for 6 he said at the meeting astonished everybody present A What B That C The fact D The matter 7 I remember this used to be a quiet village A when B how C where D what 8 Do you remember he came Yes I do he came by car A how B when C that D if 9 we can t get seems better than we have A What what B What that C That that D That what 10 we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather A If B Whether C That D Where 11 It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants A however B whatever C whichever D whenever 12 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week Is that you had a few days off A why B when C what D where 13 A computer can only do you have instructed it to do A how B after C what D when 14 It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today A that B when C what D how 15 I found strange she has not come yet A it that B that that C this D it 16 The difficulty lies we have no money A that B in the fact C in the fact that D in fact that 17 The reason why I burst into tears is I don t want to part my mother A that B which C D because 18 The problem we can master modern science and technology in a short time A is if B is that C is why D is how 19 came to see me A Who you think B Do you think who C Who do you think D Whom do you think 20 the lovely girl is A Do you know who B Do you know whom C Who do you know D Whom do you know 21 The old gentleman never fails to help is in need of his help A whom B who C whoever D whomever 22 puzzled the police most was how the murderer had been dead A The thing B That C What D Whatever 23 This is one of the examples of by telegraph A how are messages sent B that messages are sent C that are messages sent D how messages are sent 24 He seems different from he used to be A that B what C which D 25 some mammals came to live in the sea is not known A That B Since C Although D How 26 Won t you tell me what it is has been stolen A which B that C whether D what 27 we are doing has never been done before A That B Which C Whether D What 28 That is just they are mistaken A when B what C where D which 29 Take much you want and you want to A however when B whenever how C however whenever D however whoever 30 a strong storm took place in that country A Word that came B Word which came C Word came which D Word came that 31 She took it they would take her advice A for granting that B for grant that C for granted