高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解优练2（含解析）2.doc

2017广东罗定县高考英语（一轮）阅读理解优练阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(原创)People around the world are remembering Nelson Mandela, South Africas first black president. He died Thursday at the age of 95. South African President Jacob Zuma said, “The nation has lost its greatest son, and our people have lost a father. ”Mandela had been in poor health for several years. He was repeatedly treated in hospital, most recently for a lung infection. He became infected with tuberculosis(肺结核)many years ago while in prison. Nelson Mandela was the main leader in efforts to end white minority rule in South Africa. He spent 27 years in prison for his part in fighting apartheid(种族隔离)the nations policy of discrimination(歧视)against blacks. Many world leaders, past and present, are remembering Nelson Mandela. Frederick W. de Klerk was South Africas last apartheid leader. He freed Mandela from prison in 1990. Later, the two men won the Nobel Peace Prize. Mr. de Klerk said people will remember Mandela for the importance he placed on reconciliation(和解)being able to reach a settlement between conflicting sides. He said their relationship was, in his words, “often stormy”, but he said they were“always able to come together at critical(关键的)moments. ”In the United States, President Barack Obama called Mandela an influential, brave and profoundly good human being. Mr. Obama said Mandela will be remembered for leaving a free South Africa at peace. “I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration from Nelson Mandelas life. My very first political actionthe first thing I ever did that involved an issue, or a policy, or politicswas a protest against apartheid. I would study his words and his writings. ”In London, British Prime Minister David Cameron called Mandela a true global hero. In his words, a great light has gone out in the world. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了南非前总统曼德拉的去世及世界各国主要领导人对曼德拉的缅怀。1. Which is TRUE about Mandela? A. He seldom received treatment in hospital. B. He died in prison. C. A lung infection caused Mandelas death. D. He died when he was still president. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段He was repeatedly treated in hospital, most recently for a lung infection. 一句可知曼德拉因肺部感染去世。故选C。2. What does the underlined word“stormy”in Para. 6 mean? A. rainyB. fierceC. peacefulD. challenging【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据后句Mr. de Klerk说在关键时刻双方能够联合可知双方的关系有时很激烈。3. What can we learn from the passage? A. Frederick W. de Klerk is still an enemy of Mandela. B. President Barack Obama learned a lot from Nelson Mandelas life. C. Nelson Mandela fought for the independence of South Africa. D. Jacob Zuma called Mandela a true global hero. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration from Nelson Mandelas life. . . ”部分可知美国总统奥巴马从曼德拉身上学到了许多。4. The passage is most likely a part of. A. an advertisementB. a travel bookletC. a biographyD. a newspaper【解析】选D。文章出处题。本文介绍了曼德拉去世后世界各国举行哀悼的情况, 最可能出自报纸的新闻, 故选D。A项意思是“广告”; B项意思是“旅游手册”; C项意思是“人物传记”。【2016高考训练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Babies dont learn to talk just from hearing sounds. They are lip-readers too. It happens during the stage when a babys babbling (咿呀声) gradually changes from unclear voices into that first “mama” or “dada” . The baby in order to do like you has to figure out how to shape their lips to make that particular sound they are hearing, according to developmental psychologist David Lewkowicz of Florida Atlantic University, who led the study.Apparently it doesnt take them too long to absorb the movements that match basic sounds. By their first birthdays, babies start changing back to look you in the eye again. It offers more evidence that quality face-time with babies is very important for speech development more than, say, turning on the latest baby DVD.But Lewkowicz went a step further. He and his student Amy Hansen-Tift tested nearly 180 babies, groups of them at ages 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months. How? They showed videos of a woman speaking in English or Spanish to babies of English speakers. They found that when the speaker used English, the 4-month-olds gazed mostly into her eyes. The 6-months-olds spent equal amounts of time looking at the eyes and the mouth. The 8-and 10-month-olds studied mostly the mouth. At 12 months, attention started changing back toward the speakers eyes.But what happened when these babies accustomed to English heard Spanish? The 12-month-olds studied the mouth longer, just like younger babies. They needed the extra information to recognize the unfamiliar sounds. That fits with research into bilingualism (双语)that shows babies brains adjust themselves to distinguishing the sounds of their native language over other languages in the first year of life.The continued lip-reading shows the 1-year-olds clearly still are fit for learning. Babies are so hard to study that this is “a fairly heroic data set”, says Duke University cognitive neuroscientist Greg Appelbaum, who found the research so fascinating that he wants to know more.1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,babies_.A.mightgetitsvoice “mama” bylip-readingB.learntotalkjustfromhearingthesoundsC. liketofigureouthowtoshapetheirlipsD.communicatewithparentsthroughgestures2.Whatisnecessaryindevelopingbabies speechaccordingtoLewkowicz? A.PlayingbabyDVDnearby. B.TeachingbabiestoreadEnglish. C.Speakingwithbabiesfacetoface. D.Speakingdifferentlanguagesinfrontofbabies. 3. Which of the following shows the right change of babies eye gaze according to the text? Eye gaze 4 8 12 Month A.Eye gaze4 8 12 Month C.Eye gaze 4 8 12 MonthB.Eye gaze4 8 12 Month D. 4. What would be the best title of the text?A. Babies Have Different Methods to Talk B. Babies Try Lip-reading in Learning to Talk C. Babies Are Suitable to Learn Two Languages D. Babies Can Easily Accept Foreign Language 参考答案14、ACAB Brrriiinnng. The alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. You jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into your clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think. A stressful journey to work gets your blood pressure climbing. Once at the office, you glance through the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. In that sort of mood, who can get down to work, particularly some creative, original problem- solving work?The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open- minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when were unfocused. If you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening when you are relaxed. Sleepy peoples lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. By not giving yourself time totune into your wandering mind, youre missing out on the surprising solutions it may offer.The trip you take to work doesnt help, either. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons (神经细胞) , making inspirations less likely to occur. And while we all should read a lot about whats going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the days work is done.So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving? Wed set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. Wed stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. Wed take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic. And once in the officeafter we get a cup of coffeewed click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer.1. According to the author, we are more creative when we are.A. focused B. relaxedC. awakeD. busy2. What does the author imply about newspapers?A. They are solution providers.B. They are a source of inspiration.C. They are normally full of bad news.D. They are more educational than websites.3. By tune into your wandering mind” (in Para. 2) , the author means.A. wander into the wildB. listen to a beautiful tuneC. switch to the traffic channelD. stop concentrating on anything4. The author writes the last paragraph in order to.A. offer practical suggestionsB. summarize past experiencesC. advocate diverse ways of lifeD. establish a routine for the future【参考答案】40.BCDATwo friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why arent students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit? First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱) . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isnt in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict. Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) : stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name- calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy (策略) for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non- threatening questions to clarify the speakers position. Then the two people should change roles. Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesnt mean trying to figure out whats wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesnt, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution. There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesnt mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, “64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution i