人教版八年级上册英语各章知识点归纳(框架)

1 人教版八年级上册知识点汇总与习题人教版八年级上册知识点汇总与习题 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation 短语归纳短语归纳 go on vacation 去度假 stay at home 待在家里 go to the mountains 去爬山 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp 去参观夏令营 quite a few 相当多 study for 为 而学习 go out 出去 most of the time 大部分时间 taste good 尝起来很好吃 have a good time 玩得高兴 of course 当然 in the past 在过去 feel like 给 的感觉 感受 go shopping 去购物 walk around 四处走走 because of 因为 one bowl of 一碗 the next day 第二天 drink tea 喝茶 find out 找出 查明 go on 继续 take photos 照相 something important 重要的事 up and down 上上下下 come up 出来 buy sth for sb buy sb sth 为某人买某物 taste adj 尝起来 look adj 看起来 nothing but 动词原形 除了 之外什么都没有 seem to be adj 看起来 arrive in 大地点 arrive at 小地点 到达某地 decide to do sth 决定去做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 try to do sth 尽力去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 forget to do sth 忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 want to do sth 想去做某事 start doing sth 开始做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth 继续做某事 Why not do sth 为什么不做 呢 so adj that 从句 如此 以至于 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人 不要 做某事 语法讲解语法讲解 1 go on vacation 度假 vacation 相当于 holiday 但 vacation 表示长的假期 4 something interesting 有趣的东西 1 something anything nothing everything 是指物的不定代词 somebody someone anybody anyone nobody everybody everyone 是指人的不定代词 somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere 是指地点的不定代词 2 当形容词修饰不定代词 不定副词时 放于其后 something special somewhere wonderful 3 不定代词 不定副词做主语时 谓语动词用第三人称单数 如 Is everybody here 大家都到齐了 吗 4 something somebody someone somewhere 用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中 anything anybody anyone anywhere 用于否定句 疑问句及条件状语从句中 如 Did you do anything interesting 你做了有趣的事吗 表疑问 Why don t you visit someone with me 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢 表建议 If anything happens please tell me 如果有事情发生 请告诉我 6 buy sth for sb 或 buy sb sth 如 buy some books for me buy me some books 7 提建议的句子 8 ride bicycles 骑自行车 What how about doing sth 如 What How about going shopping Why don t you do sth 如 Why don t you go shopping Why not do sth 如 Why not go shopping Let s do sth 如 Let s go shopping Shall we I do sth 如 Shall we I go shopping 13 辨析 get to reach arrive 都是 到达 的意思 get to 地点 reach 地点 arrive at 地点 小 arrive in 地点 大 注意 若他们后面要加地点副词 here there home 等 则不需要加介词 14 nothing but 意为 除 之外 只有 如 2 I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long 我整天除了看电视什么也没干 15 feel like 意为 感受到 摸起来 后跟宾语从句或名词 如 I felt like I was a bird 我感觉我是一只鸟 另外 构成短语 feel like doing sth 意为 想做某事 如 I feel like eating 我想吃东西 16 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做 乐意做 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 have fun have a good time 19 I wonder what life was like here in the past 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的 n 奇迹 令人惊讶的事情 如 No wonder 难怪 不足为奇 v 惊讶 如 wonder at sth wonder to do sth 感到疑惑 想知道 如 I wonder where they are going 20 few 与 little 的区别 肯定否定许多 可数a fewFewquite a few not a few 不可数a littleLittlequite a little not a little 如 There is little sugar in the bottle Can you get some Still no one seemed to be bored 仍然没有人感到烦闷 1 seem 意为 好像 似乎 看来 是个连系动词 构成的短语有 seem to do sth 好像做某事 如 They seem to wait for you 他们似乎在等你 seem to be adj 似乎 如 He seemed to be ill yesterday 昨天他似乎病了 It seems that 从句 似乎 如 It seems that he was ill yesterday 昨天他似乎病了 其他表示状态的系动词有 feel 觉得 keep 保持 stay 保持 look 看来像 smell 闻起来 sound 听起来 taste 尝起来 2 bored adj 意为 感到厌倦的 无聊的 其主语是某人 boring adj 意为 令人厌倦的 无聊的 其主语是某物 如 I got bored with the boring work 我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦 相类似的词语还有 interested tired excited amazed surprised interesting tiring exciting amazing surprising 22 decide v 决定 decide to not do sth make a decision not to do sth decision n decide on doing sth 决定做某事 如 Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing 李雷已经决定去北京 23 Because of the bad weather we couldn t see anything below 1 because of 名词 代词 名短 I had to move because of my job 因为工作的原因 because 从句 如 I do it because I like it 我做这件事是因为我喜欢 2 below 意为 在 下面 低于 其反义词为 above 意为 在 上面 高于 24 形容词 副词 enough 如 wet quietly enough 足够漂亮 enough enough 名词 如 enough umbrellas 足够的雨伞 足够 形 副 enough 名 to do sth 足够 去做 如 I have enough money to go to Beijing 我有足够的钱去北京 She is not old enough to go to school 她年龄不够 不能去上学 同义句 She is too young to go to school too to 太 而不能 She is so young that she can t go to school 25 so 形 副 that 从句 She is so popular that everyone likes her such such 名短 that 从句 She is such a popular girl that so that 从句 结果 为了 如 He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus 如此如此 以致于 结果 以致于 结果 wonder 3 26 反身代词 myself yourself itself herself himself ourselves yourselves themselves 如 The child herself usually wears the clothes herself 27 What a difference a day makes 一天的差异多大啊 make a difference in 对 有影响 1 What a an adj n 单 主 谓 或 What adj n 复不 主 谓 2 How adj 主 谓 联系动词 或 How adv 主 谓 实义动词 28 I just stayed at homemost of the time to read and relax Unit2 How often do you exercise 短语归纳短语归纳 help with housework 帮助做家务 on weekends 在周末 how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不 once a week 每周一次 twice a month 每月两次 every day 每天 be free 有空 go to the movies 去看电影 use the Internet 用互联网 swing dance 摇摆舞 play tennis 打网球 stay up late 熬夜 睡得很晚 at least 至少 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early 早点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动 be good for 对 有好处 go camping 去野营 not at all 一点儿也不 in one s free time 在某人的业余时间 the most popular 最受欢迎的 such as 比如 诸如 old habits die hard 积习难改 go to the dentist 去看牙医 morn than 多于 超过 less than 少于 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 How about 怎么样 好不好 want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事 How many 可数名词复数 一般疑问句 有多少 主语 find that 从句 发现 spend time with sb 和某人一起度过时光 It s adj to do sth 做某事的 的 ask sb about sth 向某人询问某事 by doing sth 通过做某事 What s your favorite 你最喜爱的 是什么 the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方式 语法讲解语法讲解 1 exercise v n 的用法 1 动 锻炼 如 He exercises every day 2 可数名词 操 练习 如 do morning eye exercises do math exercises 不可数名词 锻炼 运动 讲 如 We often do take exercise on weekends 2 How often do you usually go shopping Sometimes Twice a week 有时候 一周两次 1 go shopping 意为 去购物 Go v ing 表示进行某项活动 如 Go swimming shopping skating skiing fishing climbing hiking 2 频率副词 always all the time usually often sometimes at times hardly ever never 1 sometimes 有时候 sometime 某时 some times 许多次 倍 some time 一段时间 2 hardly adv 几乎不 硬的 困难的 严厉的 勤奋的 a hard writer 努力地 猛烈地 study rain hard 3 how often 表示 多久一次 是对动作的频率进行提问 其回答通常有 频率副词 always usually often sometimes hardly ever never how often 次数 时间段 如 once or twice a week every 时间段 every day 每天 区别 everyday 每天的 日常的 注意 表示 一次或两次 时 一般用 once 和 twice 表示 如 once a month 一个月一次 而表示 三次或以上 时 则用 数词 times 结构 如 five times a year 一年五次 4 由 how 构成的疑问词组的用法 how many 可数名词复数 如 how many programs how much 不可数名词 如 how much coffee 多少多少 hard 感叹句的结构感叹句的结构 4 但 how much what s the price of 还有 多少钱 的意思 如 How much are those pants how many times 多少次 其答语表示次数 如 once twice three times 等 How old 询问年龄 如 How old are you I am five 4 多久 时间 常用 for two days for three hours 等回答 多长 某物的长度 如 How long is the river 10 kms 5 how soon 用来询问过多久 多久以后 其答语是 in two hours in three days 等 如 How soon wil he come back In an hour 3 空闲的 Are you free tonight 4 at least 至少 at most 最多 be free 自由的 a free country freedom n 5 stay up 熬夜 免费的 work for free 6 junk food 垃圾食品 5 满的 饱的 be full of The bottle is full of water 瓶子里装满了水 忙的 busy He had a full life 6 She says it s good for my health 她说那对我的健康有益 1 be good for 对 有好处 如 Doing exercise is good for our health 2 be good at 擅长于 如 He is good at playing football 3 be good to sb sth 对 好 如 The old woman is good to us 4 be good to do sth 适合 宜于 如 The water is good to drink 5 be good with 与 相处好 如 The teacher is good with his students 7 go online use the Internet 上网 8 Teenager magazine 青少年杂志 9 more than two hours over two hours 超过 10 go to the dentist 去看牙医 11 keep healthy stay healthy keep in good health 保持健康 12 ask sb to do 叫 做某事 Teacher asked me to clean the classroom Ask sb not to do sth 叫 不要做某事 Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom ask sb about sth 问某人某事 We asked our students about their free time activities ask sb for sth 向某人要求 如 ask teacher for help 13 help sb with sth 如 They help me with this problem 他们帮助你解决这个问题 help sb to do 如 They help you to solve this problem 他们帮助你解决这个问题 14 n 惊讶 to one s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地 surprise be surprised at sth 对 感到意外 v 使惊奇 意外 be surprised to do sth 惊讶做某事 be surprised that 从句 如 I was surprised at the news I was surprised to hear the news 15 fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的学生 16 swing dance 摇摆舞 17 although conj 尽管 虽然 表示转折关系 同义词有 though 不能与 but 同时使用 如 Although they re neighbors they don t play together They re neighbors but they don t play together 尽管他们是邻居 但是他们不在一起玩 18 maybe adv 也许 大概 Maybe he maybe knows it May v 原 也许 大概 He may know it 如 Maybe he is at home He maybe is at home He may be at home 19 It s good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows by He learns English by singing English songs 通过 方式 He went home by bus He went home on the bus He took the bus home through 通过 方式 名词 The best way to relax is through exercise 从 里面 穿过 Climb through the window 注意 横过 从一边到另一边 walk across the street how long full 5 20 such as like 名短 如 such as winning the game for example 句子 如 It s healthy for the mind and the body 21 Old habits die hard 恶习难改 die v 死亡 消失 death n 死亡 dead adj 死的 dying adj 垂死的 临终的 植 枯萎的 dying wish 遗言 21 You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together 度过 时间 如 spend the weekend with family 花费 时间 钱 如 He spent 20 yuan in buying the magazine 同义句 He spent 20 yuan on the magazine He paid 20 yuan for the magazine It took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine The magazine cost him 20 yuan Unit3 I m more outgoing than my sister 短语归纳短语归纳 more outgoing 更外向 as as 与 一样 the singing competition 唱歌比赛 be similar to 与 相像的 类似的 the same as 和 相同 与 一致 be different from 与 不同 care about 关心 介意 be like a mirror 像一面镜子 the most important 最重要的 as long as 只要 既然 bring out 使显现 使表现出 get better grades 取得更好的成绩 reach for 伸手取 in fact 事实上 实际上 make friends 交朋友 the other 其他的 touch one s heart 感动某人 be talented in music 有音乐天赋 be good at 擅长 be good with 善于与 相处 have fun doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 want to do sth 想要做某事 as adj adv 的原级 as 与 一样 It s adj for sb to do sth 对某人来说 做某事 的 语法讲解语法讲解 15 形容词和副词的比较级 一 含义 1 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best 2 比较级 表示两者 人或物 之间的比较 3 加 more most 的情况 部分双音节和多音节词 ed ing 结尾的词 adj ly adv 4 双写的词 一个大热天 一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服 汗湿了 很伤心 big hot fat thin red wet sad 二 比较级基本句型 连系动词 adj 比 如 Lucy is slower than Lily 1 主语 谓语动词 adj adv 比 than 对比成分 实义动词 adv 比 如 Lucy runs more slowly than Lily 2 主语必须与对比成分保持一致 Her hair is longer than yours your hair 3 as adj adv 原级 as 如同 一样 否定 not as so adj adv 原级 as 不如 一样 4 比较级 and 比较级 越来越 e g They talked more and more loudly 5 The 比较级 the 比较级 越 就越 The more exercise you do the stronger you ll be 6 Which Who is 比较级 A or B e g Which T shirt is nicer this one or that one 7 the 比较级 of the two 两者中较 的一个 Of the twins she was the more hard working 8 常用 the one 代单数可数名词 the ones those 代替复数名词 that 代替不可数名词 e g The book here is newer than the one on the desk 例如例如 spend 同级比较同级比较 6 The apples on the tree are fresher than those the ones in the box The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing 9 比较级前可用 数词 名词 表示确定的度量 e g I am 5 years older than him The room is 3 times as large as that one 注意 1 原级常与 very as so too quite pretty really 等连用 2 比较级常与 much even far than a little a bit a lot 等连用 3 Than 后的比较状语结构 e g He runs faster than me I do 16 You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win though 然而 你能看得出丽莎真的想赢 讲述 tell a story lie joke 1 tell 告诉 tell sb sth 不能为 it them tell sth to sb tell sb not to do sth 辨别 识别 Can you tell the differences between the twins 2 though 意为 然而 但是 表示转折关系 常放于句尾 用逗号隔开 而 however 可位于句首 句中或句末 常用逗号隔开 However You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win 17 I think friends are like books you don t need a lot of them as long as they re good 我认为朋友就像书 你不需要很多 只要好 就行 look like 看起来像 外貌 She is pretty tall be like 像 性格 外貌 He is outgoing serious 18 My best friend helps to brings out the best in me 我最好的朋友帮我激发出我最好的品质 使显现 使表现出 The dress brings out the color of her skin bring out 生产 出版 The factory brings out a new kind of car bring out the best worst in sb 激发出某人最好 最差的品质 19 I know she cares about me because she s always there to listen to me 我知道她关心我 因为她随时都能够听我倾诉 n 小心 谨慎 Take care 当心 保重 Cross the road with care 1 care 介意 在乎 mind I don t care what happens v care about 关心 在意 如 He doesn t care about anything people say care for 关心 照顾 take care of 或 look after 喜欢 想要 否或疑 如 Would you care for a cup of coffee 2 for sb 随叫随到 不离左右 如 Parents are always there for children to do sth 随时准备帮助 如 She is there to work out the problem 20 I don t really care if my friends are the same as me or different if 是否 如果 我真的不介意是否我的朋友与我一样还是不同 21 They both like sports 他们俩都喜欢运动 both 两个都 用在实动之前 其它动词之后 You are both too young They both speak English Both of 名词复数 如 Both of the flowers are beautiful 两朵花都很漂亮 both and 两者都 反义词组 neither nor 两者都不 注意 all 都 三者或三者以上 either 两者中任一个 every 每个 三者或三者以上 22 A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart 一个真正的朋友 在你需要帮助的时候 向你伸出手 触动你的心弦 到达 reach arrive at get to the school 伸手去拿 reach out one s hand for sth 与 取得联系 How can I reach you 延伸 The forest reaches as far as the river 森林延伸到河边 v 接触 触摸 Don t touch the paint 请勿触油漆 触动 感动 I was touched moved by his words 我被他的话打动了 be there reach touch 7 n 接触 联系 keep in losetouch with sb 与 保持失去联系 get in touch with sb 与 取得联系 23 She made me laugh and feel better laugh at sb 笑话 取笑某人 make let have sb do sth get sb to do sth 使某人做某事 make 宾语 形容词 使某人 某事怎样 如 His words make us happy 2 24 It s not easy for me to make friends make friends with sb 与 交朋友 It s adj for sb to do sth 某人做某事怎么样 It 是形式主语 to do sth 是真正主语 25 The most important thing is to learn something new and have fun 最重要的事情是学习新的东西和过的开心 26 That s why I like reading books and I study harder in class 那是我喜欢读书和在班上更努力学习的原因 Unit 4 What s the best movie theater 短语归纳短语归纳 movie theater 电影院 close to 离 近 clothes store 服装店 in town 在镇上 so far 到目前为止 10 minutes by bus 坐公共汽车 10 分钟的路程 talent show 才艺表演 in common 共同 共有 around the world 世界各地 全世界 more and more 越来越 and so on 等等 all kinds of 各种各样的 be up to 是 的职责 由 决定 make up 编造 故事 谎言等 play a role in 在 方面发挥作用 有影响 for example 例如 take seriously 认真对待 give sb sth 给某人某物 come true 梦想 希望 实现 达到 watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事 play a role in doing sth 发挥做某事是作用 在做某事方面扮演重要的角色 one of 可数名词的复数 之一 语法讲解语法讲解 形容词和副词的最高级 一 含义 1 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级 原级 比较级 最高级 badly worse worst 2 最高级 表示三者或三者以上 人或物 之间的比较 二 最高级基本句型结构 系动词 the adj 最 of 同类 of all us 1 主语 谓语动词 the adj adv 最 实义动词 the adv 最 in 范围 in China 如 Tara is the youngest of all Linda draws the most carefully in her class 注 1 副词的最高级前可省略 the 如 sit the most comfortably 坐得最舒适 2 最高级前有其它的限定词时 不加 the my best friend 2 Which Who the 最高级 A B or C e g Which do you like the best apples pears or oranges 3 one of the 最高级 形 名 复 最 之一 e g Jack Chen is one of the most famous actors in the world 4 the 序数词 最高级 形 名 单 e g Hainan is the second largest island in China 5 This is the 最高级 形 名 单 that 从句 e g This is the worst movie that I have ever seen 这是我曾经看过的最糟糕的电影 6 a 最高级 形 名 单 表示 非常 e g Spring is a best season 三 原级 比较级 最高级的相互转换 1 原级与比较级的转换 比较级 than not as so as e g He speaks more loudly than me I don t speak as so loudly as he him 8 2 比较级与最高级的转换 the other 名 复 在范围之内 the 最高级 比较级 than any other 名 单 e g Jim is the tallest student in our class Jim is taller than any other student in our class Jim is taller than the other students in our class Jim is taller than anyone else in our class 但 Jim is taller than any student the students in your class 21 That s up to you to decide 那由你决定 be up to sb to decide 由某人决定 be up to doing sth 胜任 适合 如 He isn t up to watching the flowers What up What wrong What s the matter 怎么哪 what s more 另外 还有 what s worse 更糟糕的是 22 How do you like the neighbor hood so far so far 迄今为止 到现在为止 同义句 1 How is the neighborhood 2 What do you think of the neighborhood 3 How do you feel about the neighborhood 23 Thanks for telling me thanks n 感谢 如 many thanks Thank you very much thanks for doing sth thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做某事 24 No problem 1 不客气 回答感谢 2 没关系 回答道歉 3 没问题 回答请求 25 How far is it from your home to the school 10 minutes by bus 乘车十分钟的路程 26 It s always interesting to watch other people show their talents 看其他人展示他们的才艺总是有趣 的 do sth 经常或已发生 doing sth 某次或正在发生 如 I often hear her sing 经常 I saw her come into the classroom 已发生 I saw them playing basketball yesterday 某次或正在发生 27 全世界 around the world in the world all over the world 28 All these shows have one thing in common 所有的这些节目都有一个共同之处 常见的 普通的 如 common knowledge 常识 common people 老百姓 共同的 公共的 如 common habits have sth in common with sb 与某人 在某方面有共同之处 In common with sb sth 与 一样 29 The cinema is the closest to my home 电影院离我家最近 v 关闭 封闭 close the door road closed adj 关闭的 不公开的 adj 近的 接近的 He is close to success 他快要成功了 亲密的 密切的 my close friend 我亲密的朋友 adv 接近 靠近 He sits close to the window 他坐在窗户旁边 30 When people watch the show they usually play a role in deciding the winner 当人们看节目的时候 他们通常扮演着决定获胜者的角色 play a role in 在 扮演角色 起作用 如 play an important role in the family play a role of 扮演 角色 如 play a role of a reporter play s role well 扮演 角色演得好 如 play Mulan s role well 31 The winner always gets a very good prize 获胜者总能得到丰厚的奖励 获得一等奖 win the first prize 获得最佳演员奖 win the prize for the best actor 奖项颁给 The prize goes to Jim watch see hear feel find notice 注意注意 sb common close role prize rize 9 32 Some think that the lives of the performers are made up 有些人认为表演者的身世是编造出来的 伪造 编造 I made up a story as I went along 我现场编了一个故事 为 化妆 打扮 The performers are making themselves up 组成 构成 Girls make up 45 of the students make up for 弥补 补偿 如 You should do something to make up for your mistake 33 One great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true 关于这类节目一个很好的事情是他们给人们提供了一个实现他们梦想的方式 1 give sb a way to do sth 给某人提供一个做 的方式 2 come true 梦想等 实现 Study hard your dream will come true one day 34 be talented in 在 有天赋 She is talented in music have a talent for doing sth 有 的天赋 He has a talent for painting 35 贫穷的 可怜的 如 She is such a poor girl that she can t buy a toy 糟糕的 质量差的 如 I m poor in English He is in poor health Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show 短语归纳短语归纳 think of 认为 learn from 从 获得 向 学习 find out 查明 弄清楚 talk show 谈话节目 game show 游戏节目 soap opera 肥皂剧 go on 发生 watch a movie 看电影 a pair of 一双 一对 try one s best 尽某人最大努力 as famous as 与 一样有名 have a discussion about 就 讨论 o one day 有一天 such as 例如 dress up 打扮 梳理 take sb s place 代替 替换 do a good job 干得好 something enjoyable 令人愉快的东西 interesting information 有趣的资料 one of 之一