过去将来时态

一 过去将来时的基本概念 将来时 是表示在说话的时间以后将要发生的动作 过去将来时 是指在过去某个时间里 计划将来要 做的事 它仍然属于过去时间内的动作 例如 在去年的 2007 年 10 月份 你计划在 2007 年 11 月份去一 趟北京 这就是过去将来时 二 过去将来时的构成和用法 1 should would 动词原型 这是表示过去将来时最基本的结构 我们知道 一般现在将来时是用助动词 shall will 表示将来要做的事 那么 过去将来时 就用 shall will 的过去式即 should would 表示过去将来时 在英语中 第一人称 I we 用 should 其它人称或事物则全部用 would 但是在美国 甚至包括现代的 英国 有一种趋势是 所有的人称或事物都用 would 来表示过去将来时 过去将来时最基本的用法 就是表示在过去某个时间后将要发生的事 请看过去将来时的例子 She was sixty six In three years she would be sixty nine 她 66 岁了 三年后 她是 69 岁 We should not have the sports meeting if it rained 如果下雨 我们就不举行运动会了 I didn t know how to do it What would be their ideas 我不知如何去做 他们会有什么想法呢 The farmers didn t know whether they would have a good harvest 农民们不知道他们是否会有一个好收成 2 be going to do 这个短语可以用来表示将来时 在过去时中 应当将 be 改为 was were 即 was were going to 这个短语 的特点是 它通常在句子如带有一个 表示将来时间的状语 例如 Li Mei said that she was going to visit her grandma in the country the next Sunday 李梅说下星期天要去看望她乡下的祖母 Where did you go for your weekend 你周末到哪里去过了 Well 1 was going to the theatre but in the end I went to the cinema 哦 我本打算去剧院的 但后来却去了电影院 3 be to do 这个短语通常指计划 安排要做的事 例如 She said that they were to see their English teacher the next week 她说下个星期她们要去看她们的英语老师 4 be about to do 这种结构通常表示即将发生的事情 例如 The train was about to leave 火车马上就要开了 所以 这一结构与 when 连用时 通常表示正想做某事时 突然发生了另外一件事 例如 I was just about to go swimming when luckily our guide saw me and shouted at me 我刚要去游泳 幸好那时我们向导看到了我 向我喊叫 5 用一般过去时表示过去将来时 除了上面所讲的四种过去将来时的表示方法外 在时间或条件状语从句中 常用一般过去时表示过去将来 时 例如 They said that they were going to West Hill Farm if it didn t rain the next Sunday 他们说如果下星期天不下雨他们就去西山农场 The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up 老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么 6 用过去进行时表示过去将来时 对于像 go come leave fly drive arrive start 等动词 可以用过去进行时表示近期将要发生的动作 例如 She didn t say when she was coming again next time 她没说下一次什么时候会再来 Jim decided they were flying to England next month 吉姆决定他们下个月坐飞机去英国 Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years 没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事 We didn t know whether she was going to speak at the meeting 我们不知道她是否准备在会上发言 三 过去将来时的其它用法 过去将来时主要用于表示在过去某个时间内 将要发生的动作 即有的书上所说的单纯地表示 将来 上 面六点讲的都是这种用法 但是 过去将来时中 would 有个特别的用法 它可以用来表示过去习惯性的 动作 相当于中文的 总是 此时 不管什么人称 一律用 would 例如 This door wouldn t open 这扇门老是打不开 Whenever he had time he would do some reading 他一有时间 总是看书 I would play with him when was a child 当我还是孩童时 总是和他一起玩 二 过去将来时的表达法 一 would 动词原形 常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事 例如 He said he would come to see me 他说他要来看我 He told me he would go to Beijing 他告诉我他将去北京 二 was were going to 动词原形 常可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的事 例如 She said she was going to start off at once 她说她将立即出发 I was told that he was going to return home 有人告诉我他准备回家 此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事 例如 It seemed as if it was going to rain 看来好像要下雨 三 come go leave arrive start 等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时 例如 He said the train was leaving at six the next morning 他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开 She told me she was coming to see me 她告诉我她要来看我 四 条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时 例如 I didn t know when she would come but when she came I would let you know 我不知道她什么时候来 但她来了我会告诉你 The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn t work hard 老师说 如果我不努力学习的话 就很难取得进步 I 选择填空 1 What did your son say in the letter He told me that he the Disney World the next day A will visit B has visited C is going to visit D would visit 2 I hoped Tina to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday A to come B is coming C will come D was coming 3 Father said that he me to Beijing the next year A took B would take C takes D will take 4 We were not sure whether they more vegetables A are going to grow B were going to grow C will grow D have grown 5 She to work when the telephone rang A is going B will go C was about to go D is to go II 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1 Miss Zhang said she visit the Great Wall next summer 2 She told him that she not stay here fo