英语学习虚拟语气.ppt

虚拟语气 语气是表示说话者对动词所表示的动作或状态的态度 是一种动词形式 英语中的语气有三种 1陈述语气用来陈述一个事实 或提出一个想法 有肯定 否定 疑问或感叹等形式 JapanliesontheeastofChina 2祈使语气 用来表示请求 邀请 命令 警告或劝告等 Don tbeworry 3虚语语气 表示说话人的一种愿望 建议 命令 要求 有时是一种非真实的假设 料想 或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望 IwishIwereabird 1 表示与现在事实相反条件状语从句中的谓语动词用 过去式 be动词的过去式用were 而主句中的谓语动词 would should could might 动词原形 IfIwereaboy Iwouldjointhearmy 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworldwar burst outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth were wouldtake burst wouldhappen I Fillintheblanks c Ifthepoliceman benot inthatroom it be verydangerous d IfI be inyourposition I ask forteacher shelp were wouldask werenot couldbe IfIhadalotofmoney I IfIhadalotofmoneynow Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld IfIhadalotofmoney Iwouldbuyavilla 2 与过去的事实相反 从句的谓语用had 过去分词 构成IfI we you he they had 过去分词的形式 主句的谓语用would could mighthave 动词过去分词 IfIhadknownityesterday Iwouldhavepreparedforit Ifhe drive morecarefully he nothave thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad IfI learn howtoswim I trappedonthatisland wouldnothavebeen hadlearnt 3 与将来事实相反 从句的谓语用IfI we you he they 动词过去式或weretodo或shoulddo形式 主句谓语用would could might 动词原形 Ifitweretosnow shouldsnow snowed Iwouldsleepallday What happen ifyou getup toolatetomorrow c IfRobots control theworldsomeday there be nofriendship wouldhappen shouldgetup gotup weretogetup PRACTICE Fillintheblanks weretocontrol controlled shouldcontrol wouldbe 过去时 were would could should might do 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 过去完成时 haddone would could should might have done 1 过去时2 should V 3 weretodo would could should might do Ididn tseeyoursisteratthemeeting Ifshe come shewouldhavemetmybrother 2 IfI know German Iwouldreadthebookintheoriginal 3 Ifsheweretocometomorrow I tell himthenews 4 WereIyou I nothelp him 5 Hadyouworkedhard you get agoodresult hadcome knew wouldtell wouldnothelp wouldhavegot 1 Ifit fortheheavyrain we theSongshanMountainsyesterday A werenot couldhaveclimbedB werenot couldclimbC hadnotbeen couldhaveclimbedD hadnotbeen couldclimb2 forthefreetickets Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften A IfitisnotB WereitnotC HaditnotbeenD Iftheynot 3 HadIgottotheairportearlier I you A mightnotmisstoseeB wouldnothavemissedtoseeC shouldnotmissseeingD wouldnothavemissedseeing4 Iwouldgoswimmingifit finetomorrow A shouldB weretoC wereD was 过去时 were would could should might do 过去完成时 haddone would could should might have done 1 过去时2 should V 3 weretodo would could should might do 有时句子中虚拟的条件不是以if引导的条件状语表示 而是用butfor without otherwise or等短语或上下文语气暗示 Withoutelectricity life be quitedifferenttoday Butforthedoctor shelp he die Heinformedmeofyourbirthday orI forget it Iwasverybusyyesterday otherwiseI come tothemeeting wouldbe wouldhavedied wouldhaveforgotten wouldhavecome Butforthedoctor shelp hewouldhavedied Ifithadn tbeenforthedoctor shelp he Butforwater noplantcouldgrow Ifitweren tforwater noplantcouldgrow Ifitwerenotfor Ifithadn tbeenfor 若不是 若没有 句中从句与过去事实相反 主句与现在事实相反Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday youwouldknowwhattodonow 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 这叫做混合条件句 句中从句与过去事实相反 主句与现在事实相反Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday youwouldknowwhattodonow 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 这叫做混合条件句 如果医生不全力救你 你现在就不会站在这里了 2 如果昨天你努力工作的话 你现在会很累 Ifthedoctor hisbesttosaveyou you standinghere Ifyou hardyesterday You verytirednow hadn ttried wouldn tbe hadworked wouldbe It shardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI inlove attheageofseven withthelibraryinmyhometown wouldn thavefallenB shouldnotfallC hadn tfallenD werenottofallIfhe quietlyasthedoctorinstructed hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow A liesB layC hadlainD shouldlie 1 It ssuggestedthatthemeeting putoff tillnextweek2 Governmentdemandedthatpeople notuse plasticbags 常见动词 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求 1 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose4 demand require request desire这些动词后的所有从句都要使用虚拟语气 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 should beputoff should notuse 虚拟语气其他句型 Myadviceisthathewaittillnextweek 2 Hersuggestionisthatweshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart 3 WeallagreetohisproposalthatwegototheHappyValleyforanouting 4 Ordercamethatthesoldiersbesenttotheborder 1 Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe be satisfiedwithourwork 2 Themaninsistedthathe notsteal themoney was hadnotstolen 当suggest表示 暗示 表明 insist表示 坚持认为 时 不用虚拟语气 2 用在Itisnecessary important strange natural surprising that从句中 从句用 should 动词原形 1 Itisnecessarythatthecustomsofallnationalminorities should berespected 2 Itisstrangethathe should havesaidso 1 HowIwishI be abirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky IwishI notmake somanymistakesinthelastexam 3 HowIwishit become warmtomorrow were hadnotmade wouldbecome 过去时过去完成时would could might v 原形 wish 现在相反过去相反将来相反 用于ifonly引导的感叹句中 IfonlyIhadthekeytothedoor IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice ifonly要是 就好 sbdid were现在sbhaddone过去 1 Shestaredatherhusbandasifhe 他是一个陌生人 2 Hetalksasifhe theworkhimself butinfactTomandIdidmostofit A haddoneB didC woulddoD wouldhavedone3 Itseemsasifit be goingtorain wereastranger is asif though 现在 过去 过去时 过去完成时 1 ThestyleofWesternarthaschangedmanytimes whileChinesearthaschangedlessoften 2 Artisinfluencedbythewaysoflifeandbeliefsofthepeople andChinaunlikeEurope hasfollowedasimilarwayoflifeforaverylongtime 3 Concentrateyourselfonyourstudy thatis youshouldnotattempttogotothecyberbar 4 Itisevidentthatthepaintinghangingonthewallisinfluencedbytraditionalartofchina 5 IfIcouldhelpyou IwouldintroduceyoutoprofessorZhang 6 IfIwereyou Iwouldnotthinktheplaceworthavisit Iwouldrather that sb did were现在和将来haddone过去 1 Whomwouldyourather withyou 2 Whowouldyourather withyou havegoB wentC havetogoD go A A B 我宁愿你现在去 我宁愿他没那样做 I dratheryouwentnow I dratherhehadn tdonethat Itis high time that you go toschool It stimeyou do somethingaboutit went did 1 Youdidn tletmedrive Ifwe inturn you sotired A drove didn tgetB drove wouldn tgetC weredriving wouldn tgetD haddriven wouldn thavegot2 HowIwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden A hasB hadC willhaveD hadhad3 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken IfI be you I leave forShanghaitomorrow 2 Ifhehadgotupearlier he notmiss thetrain 3 IfI have enoughmoney Iwouldbuymyparentsalargehouse 4 Shoulditbefine I go tohaveapicnic were wouldleave wouldnothavemissed had wouldgo 1 如果他早点出发 他现在已到家了 Ifhe earlier he homenow 2 Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadta