新视野大学英语.ppt

Unit7 SectionA Valueofresearchintohumangenetics ByWenYubinCollegeEnglishFaculty 4 LeadIn Music GodBlesstheChild Wouldyoumindwhetheryouareblack white brown oryellow Don tbebotheredbythecolorofskin Letusallloveeachother Afterall the races areremarkablyalikeundertheskin Thelyrics GodBlesstheChild GodBlessTheChild Hallelujah hallelujah GodblessthechildwhosuffersHallelujah hallelujah GodblesstheyoungwithoutmothersThischildishomeless Thatchild soncrackOneplayswithagun whiletheothertakesabulletinhisbackThisboy sabeggar ThatgirlsellshersoulTheybothworkthesamestreet Thesamehellhole Hallelujah hallelujah GodblessthechildwhosuffersHallelujah hallelujah LeteverymanhelphisbrotherSomearebornaddictedandsomearejustthrownawaySomehavedaddieswhomakethemplaygamestheydon twanttoplayButwithhopeandfaithWemustunderstandAllGod schildrenneedisloveAndustoholdtheirlittlehands Thisboyishungry heain tgotenoughtoeatThatgirl scoldandsheain tgotnoshoesonherfeetWhenachild sspirit sbrokenAndfeelsallhopeisgoneGodhelpthemfindthestrengthtocarryonButwithhopeandfaithYea wecanunderstandAllGod schildrenneedisloveAndustoholdtheirlittlehands Hallelujah hallelujahLetusallloveoneanotherHallelujah hallelujahMakeallourheartsblindtocolorHallelujah hallelujahGodblessthechildwhosuffers Warmup Valueofresearchintohumangenetics Whatdoyouthinkisthevalueofresearchintohumangenetics Warmup Tips FindouttheriddleofourlivesFigureouthowmanygeneswehaveFindoutthecauseofmanyinheriteddiseasesFigureoutawaytofixdefectivegenesUnderstandhowDNAandproteinsworkHaveaclearerideaofhowwearerelatedtotheotherlifeformswithwhichweshareourplanet TheresearchbythescientistsofHumanGeneticProject 人类基因工程 bringsgreathopetohumanbeings Conclusion WarmingUp Writing TextAnalysis TextUnderstanding Vocabulary Exercises MainIdeaMatching FillintheBlanks Summary Para 1 Para 2 Paras 3 4 Paras 5 9 Para 10 d Themajorcontributionsofthemap c TheoreticalsignificanceofTheHistoryandGeographyofHumanGenes b Thesocialvalueoftheresearch e Thecreationofthefirstgeneticmap a Thedifficultiesencounteredintheresearch I MainIdeaMatching e d a c b Para 1 TheHistoryandGeographyofHumanGenes abookcontainingtheresultsofmorethan50yearsofresearchin arguesagainstthetheoriespushingthe ofanyonepopulationoveranother II FillintheBlanks Thesignificanceofthebook populationgenetics geneticsuperiority Para 2 Thebookcreatedthefirst oftheworldandtracedtheroutesofearlyhuman smigrationtofind geneticmap Creationofthemap theclosestthingwehavetoaglobalfamilytree Paras 3 4 Hardjob Todrawthetree informationshouldbecollectedfrom Scientistsassembledprofilesofmanyindividuals confiningthestudytogroupsthatwereintheir asof1492toensure humanblood presentlocation thepopulationswere pure Exampleofdifficulties Ancientpopulationsinremoteareaswereoftenafraidto orraise cooperate religiousconcerns Paras 5 6 Contributionsofthefirstgeneticmap AustraliansaremostdistantfromtheAfricansinthemap No difference despitethe difference existsbetweenEuropeansandAfricans genetic racial Thesamemap incombinationwithancienthumanbones confirmsthat Africawasthe birthplaceofhumanity Paras 7 8 Example1 Example2 Ageneralpoint Thegeneticmapsshednewlightontheoriginsofpopulation TheoriginoftheKhoisanpeopleinsouthernAfrica TheoriginoftheBasques Contributionsofthefirstgeneticmap Para 9 Geneticrawmaterialfromtheresearchcouldhavesomevalueinmaking medicines Contributionsofthefirstgeneticmap Para 10 Apartfromscientificvalueoftheresearch thesocialsignificanceisto ofracethatcauseracialprejudice Conclusions weakenconventionalnotions ThebookTheHistoryandGeographyofHumanGeneswaswrittenafterthe havespent16yearsexaminingthe betweenthepopulationsoftheworld Thiswasachievedlargelybytakingthebloodofhundredsofthousandsof fromallaroundtheworld andthenanalyzingtheir III Summary geneticsimilarities researchers individuals bloodproteins Scientificallythishasallowedthewriterstodiscoverthe takenbyearlypeoplemigratingaroundtheworldandalsotoshowthat weareallverysimilaronageneticlevel Theultimategoalofthestudy however isnotjust ithopestohavea effectbyprovingthatthereisnobiologicalbasicfor routes scientific social racialprejudice undertheskin Structure Translation Thebook however ismuchmorethananargumentagainstthelatestraciallybiasedtheory L8 morethan havinggreatervalueorimportancethansth else 2 Theprimemoverbehindtheproject LucaCavalli Sforza aStanfordprofessor laboredwithhiscolleaguesfor16yearstocreatenothinglessthanthefirstgeneticmapoftheworld L9 notinglessthan isusedheretoemphasizehowimportantorundesirablesomethingis What sthemainidea 3 AndthefactthattheyliveinaregionnexttofamouscaveswhichcontainvividpaintingsfromEurope searlyhumans leadsCavalli Sforzatothefollowingconclusion TheBasquesareextremelylikelytobethemostdirectrelativesoftheCro Magnonpeople amongthefirstmodernhumansinEurope L57 Normally whenyouclipthemodifiers 修饰语 youwillseethekeyidea Amodifiercanbeaclause prepositionalphrase adverbialphrase orindefinitephrase etc 4 Inadditiontotellingusaboutourorigins geneticinformationisalsothelatestrawmaterialofthemedicalindustry whichhopestousehumanDNAtobuildspecializedproteinsthatmayhavesomevalueasdisease fightingdrugs L62 Translation 除了揭示人种的起源以外 基因信息也是医学界可用的最新原料 医学界希望能用人类脱氧核糖核酸 DNA 制成特别的蛋白质 这些蛋白质具有某种抗病药物的价值 ChinesetoEnglish EnglishtoChinese OldtoNew WordUsing I OldtoNew changemakeknownbringtogetherfacebesimilartodividenotthesameunusualuseforprofit varyrevealassembleconfrontresemblesplitdistinctuniqueexploit II ChinesetoEnglish extensivesurveyscientificbasisremoteareasruralregionremarkablediscoveries 广泛的调查科学根据偏远地区乡下引人注目的发现 telladifferentstoryadapttocommercialpurposesultimateaimconventionalnotions 并非如此适应商业目的最终目的传统观念 III EnglishtoChinese familytreegeneticmakeuppotentialdonorsbloodsamplesgeneticvariation 家谱基因构造可能的供血者血样基因变异 racialdifferencesshedlightonbedirectlydescendedbreedinggroundbloodtyperacialprejudice 人种差异使 更容易理解直系后裔发生地血型种族偏见 IV WordUsing1 todate L3 untilnow keyThisishisfinestachievementtodate Translation这是他迄今为止最杰出的成就 2 discount L5 v thinkorsaythatsth isnotimportant TranslationHedoesnotdiscountthepossibilitythatthestresshewasunderaffectedhisdecision Key他没有忽视这种可能性 即当时他所受的压力可能影响到他的决定 2 discount L5 n anmountofmoneyofftheusualcostofsth TranslationStudentsgeta15 discountonsometheatretickets Key一些剧院的戏票 学生可以打八五折 3 beconfinedto L22 berestrictedorkeptwithincertainlimitsortime Translation旅游团只能进行计划内的活动 KeyThetourgroupisconfinedtotheplannedactivities Translation研究证实 妇女患这种疾病的风险较高 KeyResearchhasconfirmedthattheriskofthediseaseishigherforwomen 4 confirm L42 v toestablishthetruthof something 5 distinctive L54 v havingaqualityorcharacteristic Translation这幢建筑的最大特色是它那巨大的圆形屋顶 KeyThebuilding smostdistinctivefeatureisitsenormousdome shapedroof Translation他的人生使命就是帮助周围的人拓宽视野 KeyHismissioninlifeistoexpandthehorizonsofthosearoundhim 6 mission L68 n animportanttaskorpurpose 7 conventional L69 a followingwhatistraditional Translation这房子是用传统的材料建造的 但风格却是全新的 KeyThehousewasbuiltwithconventionalmaterialsbutinatotallynewstyle 1 IthinkIwasatschool IwasstayingwithafriendduringthevacationwhenIheardthenews A orelseB andthenC orsoD evenso2 Theybelievedthatthiswasnotthe oftheircampaignforequalitybutmerelythebeginning A climaxB summitC pitchD maximum III CheckYourself 3 Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthatasmanyas50percentofpatientsdonottakedrugs directed A likeB soC whichD as4 Thecommitteehasaconservative andrefusestoreform A viewB biasC thoughtD attitude 5 Hisnegligencewas criminal A morethanB nomorethanC nolessthanD nothinglessthan6 Wemustadaptourmethod thenewcircumstances A toB withC onD at 7 Sheclaimstobedescended royalty A withB afterC ToD from8 Aworkingpartyhasbeensetupto theproblem A lookinB lookupC lookintoD lookup 9 Thefirmisworkingonanewproductincombination severaloverseaspartners A inB withC toD from10 Hisachievementwasmore inthathehadcomefromsuchapoorfamily A popularB famousC understandableD remarkable Discussion Whatdoyouexpectgeneticsciencetodoforyouorushumanbeings Ihaveadreamthatoneday Betterourgenessothatwebecomecleverer Replaceourdeterioratinggenessothatwelivealongerlife Plantgenesofotherlifeformsintohumanbeingssothatwehaveextraordinaryabilities Createsuperiororgansforhumanbeings Tips StructureAnalysis YourTask Normally awriterstartswithageneralpointandthenpresentsanumberofexamplestosupporthispoi