外科专业英语

酸碱平衡和水电解质紊乱酸碱平衡和水电解质紊乱 acid base disorders 酸碱失衡 acid base balance 酸碱平衡 acute chronic acidosis 急性 慢性酸中毒 acidemia 酸血症 acute chronic alkalosis 急性 慢性碱中毒 alkalemia 碱血症 simple acid base disorder 单纯性酸碱失衡 mixed acid base disorder 混合性酸碱失衡 buffer system 缓冲对系统 anion gap 阴离子间隙 delta gap 阳离子间隙 respiratory acidosis 呼酸 respiratory alkalosis 呼碱 metabolic acidosis 代酸 metabolic alkalosis 代碱 hypochloremia 低氯血症 hyperchloremia 高氯血症 hypoxemia 低氧血症 hyperoxemia 高氧血症 hypocalcemia 低钙血症 hypercalcemia 高钙血症 hypokalemia 低钾血症 hyperkalemia 高钾血症 hyponatremia 低钠血症 hypernatremia 高钠血症 magnesium deficiency 镁缺乏 magnesium excess 镁过多 hypomagnesemia 低镁血症 hypermagnesemia 高镁血症 hypophosphatemia 低磷血症 hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症 hypercapnia 高碳酸血症 posthypercapnic metabolic alkalosis 高碳酸血症后碱中毒 diabetic ketoacidosis 糖尿病酮症酸中毒 uremia 尿毒症 lactic acidosis 乳酸酸中毒 saline responsive alkalosis 盐水反应性碱中毒 saline resistant alkalosis 盐水抵抗性碱中毒 isotonic dehydration 等渗性缺水 hypotonic dehydration 低渗性缺水 hypertonic dehydration 高渗性缺水 edema 水肿 water intoxication 水中毒 休克休克 shock 休克 hemorrhagic shock 失血性休克 traumatic shock 创伤性休克 septic shock 脓毒性休克 shock lung 休克肺 shock kidney 休克肾 软组织感染软组织感染 furuncle 疖 paronychia 甲沟炎 erysipelas 丹毒 acute phlegmon 急性蜂窝织炎 acute lymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎 acute lymphadenitis 急性淋巴结 furunculosis 疖病 carbuncle 痈 abscess 脓肿 acute ulcer 急性溃疡 chronic ulcer 慢性溃疡 fistula cannulas 瘘管 sinus tract 窦道 felon 脓性指头炎 外科营养 肠外营养 parenteral nutrition 或 intravenous nutrition 肠内营养 enteral nutrition 代谢性并发症 metabolic complications 胆汁淤积 cholestasis 基础能量消耗 basal energy expenditure BEE 误吸 aspiration 腹泻 diarrhea 外科手术外科手术 手术刀 scalpel 刀片 blade 刀柄 hilt 手术剪 surgical scissors 止血钳 hemostatic forceps 直血管钳 straight clamp 弯血管钳 Kelly clamp 蚊式止血钳 mosquito forceps 有齿止血钳 kocher forceps 手术镊 forceps 组织钳 tissue forceps or allis forceps 持针器 needle holder 缝合针 suture needle 拉钩 retractor 巾钳 towel clip 环钳 ring forceps 不可吸收缝线 nonabsorbable suture 丝线 silk suture 切开 incision 剥离 dissection 止血 hemostasis 结扎 ligation 缝合 suture 剪线 cutting suture 拆线 removing suture 引流 drainage 骨科骨科 arthro 关节 articulo 关节 cranio 颅 osteo 骨 burso 囊 chondro 软骨 costo 肋骨 myelo 骨髓 spondylo 椎骨 thoraco 胸的 vertebra 椎骨 fascio 筋膜 teno tendo tendino 肌 kinesia 运 porosis 多孔 trophy 发育 malacia 软化 1 中轴骨 AXIAL BONES bone n 骨 rib n 肋 vertebrae n 椎骨 cervical vertebrae 颈椎 thoracic vertebrae 胸椎 lumbar vertebrae 腰椎 sternum n 胸骨 sacrum n 骶骨 coccyx 尾骨 sternal manubrium 胸骨柄 xiphoid process 剑突 atlas n 寰椎 axis n 枢椎 sternal angle 胸骨角 thoracic cage 胸廓 2 颅 SKULL skull n parietal bone 顶骨 frontal bone 额骨 occipital bone 枕骨 emporal bone 颞骨 sphenoid bone 蝶骨 ethmoid bone 筛骨 mandible n 下颌骨 hyoid bone 舌骨 vomer n 犁骨 maxilla n 上颌骨 palatine bone 腭骨 nasal bone 鼻骨 lacrimal bone 泪骨 zygomatic bone 颧骨 inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲 orbit n 眶 coronal suture 冠状缝 sagital suture 矢状缝 lambdoid suture 人字缝 cranial fontanelle 颅囟 2 附肢骨 TARSAL BONES AND EXTREMITAL BONES clavicle n 锁骨 scapula n 肩胛 humerus n 肱骨 radius n 桡骨 ulna n 尺骨 carpal bone 腕骨 metacarpal bone 掌骨 phalanges n 指骨 趾骨 hip bone 髋骨 ilium n 髂骨 ischium n 坐骨 pubis n 耻骨 femur n 股骨 patella n 髌骨 tibia n 胫骨 fibula n 腓 骨 tarsal bone 跗骨 metatarsal bone 跖骨 4 关节韧带 flexion n 屈 extension n 伸展 adduction n 收 medial rotation 旋内 lateral rotation 旋外 pronation n 旋前 supination n 旋后 circumduction n 环转 vertebral column 脊柱 temporal mandibular joint 颞下颌关节 articulation n 关节 ligament n 韧带 intervertebral disc 椎间盘 shoulder joint 肩关节 elbow joint 肘关节 radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节 pelvis n 骨盆 hip joint 髋关节 knee joint 膝关节 ankle joint 踝关节 arthrography n 关节造影 compacta n 骨密度 epiphysis n 骨骺 ossification n 骨化 synovial joints 滑膜关节 fibrous 纤维连结 syndesmosis 韧带连结 cartilaginous joints 软骨连结 articular surface cavity 关节面 腔 suture 缝 articular disk 关节盘 articular labrum 关节唇 articular capsule 关节囊 extracapsular ligament 囊外韧带 intracapsular ligament 囊内韧带 yellow ligament 黄韧带 fibrous layer membrane 纤维层 纤维膜 synovial layer membrane 滑膜层 滑膜 ynovial fold villi 滑膜襞 synovial fluid 滑液 circumduction 环转运动 vertebral joints 椎骨连结 ionterspinous ligament 棘间韧带 intertransverse ligament 横突间韧带 Intervertebral symphysis 椎间联合 interverbral discs 椎间盘 Fibrous rings 纤维环 Pulpiform nucleus 髓核 Anterior longitudinal 前纵韧带 Posterior longitudinal 后纵韧带 Zygapophysial joint 关节突关节 Lumbosacral joint 腰骶连结 Costovertebral joints 肋椎关节 Joint of costal head 肋头关节 Lambdoid suture 人字缝 Costotransverse joint 肋横突关节 Cranial suture 颅缝 Sternocostal joints 胸肋关节 Coronal sagittal suture 冠矢状缝 Synchondroses of cranium 颅结合 Temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节 joints of shoulder girdle 上肢带连结 coracoacromial ligament 喙间韧带 Coracoclavicular ligament 喙锁韧带 Acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节 Elbow joint 肘关节 Sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节 Shoulder joint 肩关节 Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节 Joints of hand 手关节 Humeroradial joint 肱桡关节 Radiocarpal joint wrist joint 桡腕关节 腕关节 Intercarpal joints 腕骨间关节 Carpometacarpal joints 腕掌关节 Carpometacarpal joint of thumb 拇指腕掌关节 Intermetacarpal joints 掌骨间关节 Metacarpophalangeal joints 掌指关节 Interphalangeal joints of hand 指骨间关节 Joints of pelvic girdle 下肢带连结 Pubic symphysis 耻骨联合 Interpubic disc 耻骨间盘 Obturator membrane 闭孔膜 Sacroiliac joints 骶髂关节 Pelvis 骨盆 Sacrotuberous ligament 骶结节韧带 Greater lesser sciatic foramen 坐骨大 小 孔 Terminal line 界线 Greater lesser pelvis 大小骨盆 Superior posterior pelvic aperture 骨盆上下口 Pubic arch 耻骨弓 Subpubic angle 耻骨下角 Pelvic cavity 骨盆腔 Joints of free lower limb 自由下肢连结 Hip joint 髋关节 Knee joint 膝关节 Transverse acetabular lig 髋臼横韧带 Ligament of head of femur 股骨头韧带 Medial lateral meniscus 内外侧半月板 Transverse ligament of knee 膝横韧带 Anterior cruciate ligament 前交叉韧带 Posterior cruciate ligament 后交叉韧带 Fibular tibial collateral ligament 腓 胫 侧副韧带 Ligament of patella 髌韧带 Tibiofibular joint 胫腓关节 Tibiofibular syndesmosis 胫腓连结 Crural interosseous membrane 小腿骨间膜 Joints of foot 足关节 ankle joint 踝关节 talocrural joint 距小腿关节 intertarsal joints 跗骨间关节 subtalar joint talocalcaneal joint 距下关节距跟关节 transverse tarsal joint 跗横关节 talocalcaneonavicular joint 距跟舟关节 tarsometatarsal joint 跗跖关节 transverse arch 横弓 intermetatarsal joints 跖骨间关节 metatarsophalangeal joint 跖趾关节 interphalangeal joints of foot 跖骨间关节 arch of foot tarsometatarsal arch 足弓 跗跖弓 medial lateral longitudinal arch 内 外 侧纵弓 其他 Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化 Chondromalacia 软骨软化症 Degenerated Joint Disease 变性关节炎 Bone graft 骨移植 Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折 Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折 Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏 Amputation 截肢 Matastatic Lesion 转移性损害 Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症 Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术 腹部脏器腹部脏器 Stomach 胃 Liver 肝 Small intestine 小肠 Colon 结肠 ascending transverse descending sigmoid Duodenum 十二指肠 Jejunum 空肠 Ileum 回肠 Pancreas 胰 Spleen 脾 Bile duct 胆管 Gallbladder 胆囊 Kidney 肾 Rectum 直肠 Cecum 盲肠 large intestine 大肠 vermiform appendix 阑尾 anal canal 肛管 辅助检查 Abdominocentesis 腹腔穿刺 Urinalysis 尿分析 Abdominal ultrasonography 腹部超声检查 Barium enema 钡灌肠 Barium swallow 钡餐 Liver biopsy 肝活检 Stool culture 粪检 Retrograde pyelogram 逆行肾盂造影 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 经内镜逆行性胆胰管 造影 Blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮 Urine culture and sensitivity 尿培养和敏感试验 Urinalysis 尿分析 内镜 Gastroscopy 胃窥镜 Enteroscopy 小肠内镜 Colonoscopy 结肠内镜 Cystoscopy 膀胱镜 ureteroscope 输尿管镜 术式 Highly selective vagotomy 高选择性迷走神经切断术 Gastrojejunostomy 胃空肠吻合术 Truncal vagotomy 迷走神经切断术 Laparotomy 开腹 Enterectomy 肠切除术 Appendectomy 阑尾切除术 Choledochectomy 胆总管切除术 Colectomy 结肠切除术 Cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术 Colostomy 结肠造瘘 Subtotal gastrectomy 胃大部切除术 Pancreatoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术 Right left hemicolectomy 右 左半结肠切除术 Abdominoperineal resection 腹会阴联合直肠癌切除术 Low anterior resection 直肠低位前切除术 Hepatectomy 肝切除术 Nephrectomy 肾切除术 Nephron sparing surgery 保留肾单位手术 Ureteroneocystostomy 膀胱输尿管吻合术 orchiectomy testectomy 睾丸切除术 ureterectomy 输尿管切除术 cystectomy 膀胱切除术 cysto urethral anastomosis 膀胱输尿管吻合术 partial or radical nephrectomy 局部 根治性肾切除术 PCNL percutaneous nephrostolithotomy 经皮肾取石术 ESWL extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy 体外冲击波碎石术 Surgical exploration 手术探查 心胸外心胸外 valve prosthesis 人工瓣膜 bicuspid 二尖瓣 tricuspid valve 三尖瓣 pulmonary valve 肺动脉瓣 aortic valve 主动脉瓣 ventricle 心室 atrium pl atrial 心房 interatrial 心房间的 atrioventricular 房室的 intrventricular 心室间的 atrial septum 房间隔 ventricuar septum 室间隔 angiography 血管造影 aortography 主动脉造影 pneumotharax aerothorax 气胸 tension pneumotharax 张力性气 胸 pleural effussion 胸腔积液 hydrothorax 胸腔积液 puncture 穿刺 thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺术 drainage 引流 closed thoracic drainage 闭式胸腔引流 mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄 rheumatic valve disease 风湿性瓣膜病 aortic stenosis 动脉硬化 mitral regurgitation 二尖瓣反流 valvuloplasty 瓣膜成形术 aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄 aortic regurgitation 主动脉反流 arteriosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化 intravenous 静脉内的 hemorrhage 出血 hematuria 血尿 angi o 血管 vas o 血管 vascul o 血管 aort o 主动脉 arter o arteri o 动脉 ather o 动脉 phleb o 静脉 ven o 静脉 thromb o 血栓 venule 微静脉 arteriole 微动脉 angiostenosis 血管狭窄 ischemia 缺血 vena cava 腔静脉 神外神外 大脑 cerebrum 间脑 diencephalon 脑桥 brain stem 中脑 midbrain 脑桥 pons 延髓 medulla oblongata 小脑 cerebellum 回 convolution gyri 沟 sulci 胼胝体 corpus callosum 横裂 transvers fissue 额叶 Frontal lobe 顶叶 Parietal lobe 颞叶 Temporal lobe 枕叶 Occipital lobe 蛛网膜 Arachnoid matter 蛛网膜下腔 Subarachnoid space Olfactory N 嗅神经 Optic 视