2010年中考英语定语从句专项指导练习整理9 新人教版

用心 爱心 专心 1 TheThe AttributiveAttributive ClauseClause 一 Teaching aims 1 Knowledge aims 1 What is attribute 2 What is the attributive clause 3 How to use relative pronouns and relative adverbs 2 Skill aims 1 Distinguish the attributive clause from other clauses 2 Can use the attributive clause to speak and write fluently 二 Key points 1 定语从句 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句 其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性 成分 一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面 2 关系词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词 关系代词有that which who whom whose as 等 关系副词有 where when why 等 关系词有三个作用 1 引导定语从句 2 代替先行词 3 在定语从句中担当一个成分 3 先行词 被定语从句修饰 限定的词或短语 称为先行词 4 定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 三 Warming up 1 比一比 看看谁想出的含有定语从句的句子最多 2 你能划出下面句子中的定语从句吗 As a Global Environmental Ambassador 大使 Gong Li urges the public to give up habits that are harmful to the environment 四 Teaching material 限定性定语从句限定性定语从句 一 关系代词引导的定语从句 1 w wh ho o 指人在从句中做主语 用心 爱心 专心 2 1 The boys who are playing football are from Class One 2 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way 2 2 w wh ho om m 指人 在定语从句中充当宾语 常可省略 1 Mr Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus 2 Mr Ling is just the man whom I want to see 注意 关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替 可省略 3 The man who whom you met just now is my friend 3 w wh hi ic ch h 指物在定语从句中做宾语时可省略 1 Football is a game which is liked by most boys 2 This is the pen which he bought yesterday 4 t th ha at t 既可代表事物也可代表人 关系代词在从句中作 主语时不能省略 而当关系代词 在从句中作 宾语时 常常省略 特特别别提提示示 1 关系代词做从句的主语时 从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致 2 如果 which 在从句中作 不及物动词 介词 的介词的宾语 注意介词不要丢掉 而且介词常 放在关系代词 which 的前边 但有的则放在它原来的位置 3 在带有下列词的句子中用 that 而不用 which 1 当先行词是 anything everything nothing none 等不定代词时 2 由 every any all some no little few much 等修饰时等 这时的 that 常省略 3 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 4 先行词是序数词或最高级时 5 先行词中既有人又有物时 6 句中前面有 which 时 5 w wh ho os se e 通常指人 也可指物 在定语从句中做定语 eg He has a friend whose father is a doctor whose 指物时 常用以下结构来代替 eg 1 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired 2 Do you like the book whose color is yellow Do you like the book the color of which is yellow 用心 爱心 专心 3 二二 关关系系副副词词 关系副词 介词 关系代词 why for which where in which when during which whose of which 1 where 是关系副词 用来表示地点的定语从句 2 when 引导定语从句表示时间 3 whose 是关系代词 修饰名词作定语 相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 它引导的从句可以修饰 人和物 当它引导的从句修饰物体时 可以与 of which 调换 表达的意思一样 关关系系副副词词引引导导的的定定语语从从句句 1 when 指时间 在定语从句中做时间状语 eg I still remember the day when I first came to the school 2 where 指地点 在定语从句中做地点状语 eg Shanghai is the city where I was born 3 why 指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语 eg Please tell me the reason why you are late 注意 关系副词引导的从句可以由 介词 关系代词 引导的从句替换 1 The reason why for which he refused the invitation is not clear 2 From the year when in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up 3 Great changes have taken place in the city in which where I was born 判判断断关关系系代代词词与与关关系系副副词词 方法一 用关系代词 还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词 不及物动词后面无宾语 就必须 要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词 而及物动词后接宾语 则要求用关系代词 例如 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year I ll never forget the days when I worked together with you 错 This is the mountain village where I visited last year 错 I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside 对 This is the mountain village which I visited last year 用心 爱心 专心 4 对 I ll never forget the days which I spent in the countryside 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where when 联系在一起 此两题错在关系词的误用上 方法二 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分 主 谓 宾 定 状 也能正确选择出关系代词 关系副词 例 1 Is this museum you visited a few days ago A where B that C on which 例 2 Is this the museum the exhibition was held A where B that C on which 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分 先行词在从句中做主 定 宾语时 选择关系代词 who whom that which whose 先行词在从句中做状语时 应选择关系副词 where 地点状语 when 时间状语 why 原因状语 Exercises 1 The man is standing there is my father A who B whom C which 2 Who was the man spoke to you just now A who B whom C that 3 Tom is the only person I can depend on A that B which C who 4 It is the best film she has ever seen A that B which C when 5 Beijing is the 29th city holds the Olympic Games A where B that C which D what 6 The football match I watched yesterday is fantastic A when B that C what D who 7 China is a country has a long history A who B which C where 8 The boy I talked with just now is my best friend A who B which C where 用心 爱心 专心 5 9 The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children isn t it Yes it has built many schools those children can study happily A where B when C which 10 We know Jackie Chan movies are very popular with the young A whose B that C who D which 非非限限定定性性定定语语从从句句 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明 通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗逗号号隔开 将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 在非限定性定语从句中 不能用关系副词why 和关系代词 that 而用 who whom 代表人 用 which whose 代表事物 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开 是先行词不可缺少的定语 不能删除 是对先行词的补充说明 删除后意思仍完整 翻译成先行词的定语 的 通常翻译成主句的并列句 关系词做宾语时可省略关系词不可省略 关系词可用 that 可用 who 代替 whom 关系词不用 that 不用 who 代替 whom 五 Homework 一 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1 The boys are playing football are from Class One 2 This is the book you want 3 The time we got together finally came 4 Mr Ling is just the boy I want to see 5 The man you met just now is my friend 6 This is the pen he bought yesterday 用心 爱心 专心 6 7 I once lived in a house window was broken 8 The house I lived ten years ago has been pulled down 9 I don t know the reason he looks unhap