毛概暑期社会实践论文-关于大学生亲子关系的调查研究

交 通 大 学社 会 实 践 报 告课 程 名 称: 思想政治理论课社会实践 题 目: 关于大学生亲子关系的调查研究 学院 直属系 : 外国语学院 班 级: 学 生 姓 名 : 学 号 : 完 成 时 间 : 2012/8/20 目 录关于大学生亲子关系的报告1.Introduction 简介: 31.1 Background 背景介绍: 31.2 Purpose 目的: 31.3 Scope and limitation 调查范围和限制: 41.4 Method 调查途径: 42. Survey Findings 调查结果 52.1 Respondent Profile 被调查者数据 5: 性别差异 5：年龄差异 5: 家乡发展程度差异 62.2 Family Background 家庭背景情况 6 父母受教育水平 6： 家庭平均月收入 7： 家庭孩子数量 8:是否为单亲家庭 82.3 Intimacy level 亲密程度调查 9：打电话的频率 9：孩子对待父母的态度 10：当孩子犯错，父母的态度调查 112.4 Generation gap 是否有代沟的调查 12：是否有相同的兴趣爱好 12 是否认为和父母有代沟 133. Discussion 调查结果分析 133.1 Analysis the phenomenon and reasons 现象分析和理由 133.2 Influences to children and parents 父母与孩子关系的不同带来的影响 163. 3 Solutions and suggestions 解决办法和建议 174. Conclusion 结论 185. Related websites: 20参考文献 20注：为了将此次实践活动与我们英语专业的专业知识相结合，我们将此次的调查报告写成了中英双语版。以便使调查报告更加完善。 关于大学生亲子关系的报告柳玉婷 赵茜1.Introduction 简介:1.1 Background 背景介绍:In the past few years, the relationship between parents and children has become more and more serious. The children are not satisfied with what their parents do for them while parents can not stand what their children have done. The relationship between parents and children are becoming tenser and tenser. More and more people want to improve the relationship and to build a harmony family. 随着经济的发展，人们的思想观念逐渐地发生着变化。社会在不断发展着，作为社会主体的家庭也在变化着。而父母与孩子关系在各个时期的不同，无疑验证了这一点。然而，正是因为父母与孩子关系在各个社会发展时期都不同，所以，我们的这个研究有其存在的意义。不论是在什么时候，我们关于父母与子女关系的研究都永不会过时。在 21 世纪的今天，由于父母与孩子间的距离变化了，亲密程度变化了，代沟变化了，导致其他问题产生了。孩子们变得越来越不满足，父母们则表示很困惑，不知道到底要怎么做才能够使他们的孩子快乐。父母和孩子的关系问题变得越来越严重。所以人们探索怎么正确处理好父母和孩子关系的道路，永不停息。1.2 Purpose 目的:The purpose of this report is to analyze the level of intimacy between parents and children and also some aspects influencing the relationship. Then find out some solutions to improve the relationship.我们本次调查报告旨在调查影响父母和孩子关系的影响因素。探究到底是什么使得父母和孩子间的亲密程度不一，以及对应的解决办法。1.3 Scope and limitation 调查范围和限制: The report focuses on the identifying the level of intimacy between parents and children. In addition, we analyze the aspects which influence the relationship between parents and children, such as the background. Furthermore, we also analyze the similarities and differences between parents and children. Finally, we come up with some solutions about the problems to improve the relationships. 本次调查的范围我们锁定在不同层面，不同年龄的父母和孩子。从家庭背景，孩子与父母是否有相同的兴趣爱好，以及父母教育孩子的方式等方面来进行研究。我们一旦要研究父母和孩子的关系，我们就必须拥有不同的案例，我们的调查就得从各个层面深入。从孩子们出生，到踏入学校的大门，再到上大学，一个个的阶段都在继续着，关系却在改变着。不同的社会背景，不同的学习环境都有可能造成影响。除此之外，由于男女生理和心理等方面的发展特点，在调查过程中，我们也特意将男女区分开来进行研究。力求做到各方面都考虑到。1.4 Method 调查途径: A survey was conducted of 125 people in the Nanchang City, 74 males and 51 females. The survey was carried out between 11th of June 14, 2012 and 15th of June 14, 2012. The questionnaire contains 18 questions, which were about the level of intimacy and aspects influencing the relationship.为了更好地开展工作研究，我们拟了一张问卷，目的是通过问卷方式得到被调查对象直接的回答。我们也在发放问卷过程中对其进行情况的了解。调查结果，我们利用现代网络科技的发达，制成了图表，以加强理解。这次调查在南昌市内进行。共有 125 位群众接受调查。上到花甲老人，下到学龄前儿童，我们都进行了调查。其中有 74 位男士，51 位女士。调查时间为 2012 年 8 月份至 2012年 9 月份。我们的问卷共设计了 18 个问题。每几个问题为某一方面服务。比如调查亲密程度方面的原因，我们设计了三四个不同的问题。关于家庭背景等，都有相应的题目。被调查者填写问卷的时间虽然很短，但我们可以从中看到很多。2. Survey Findings 调查结果2.1 Respondent Profile 被调查者数据 : 性别差异51 women and 74 men were interviewed for this research. 共有 51 位女士和 74 位男士参与到了我们的调查当中。Figure : Gender 图：: 性别：年龄差异There are 9 respondents aged from 3-10, 38 of them aged from 10-19, 63 people aged from 20-29, 15 aged from above 30.参与调查的人员中，年龄在 3-10 岁的有 9 人，10-19 岁的青少年有 63 人，20-29 岁的有 63 人，是我们这次调查的主体，同时 30岁以上的也有 15 人。涉及到了大部分年龄层面的人。Figure : Age 图 : 年龄: 家乡发展程度差异There are 63 people from cities and towns while 62 from countryside. 125 人中，有 56 人来自城市家庭，69 人来自农村家庭。Figure : Hometown ： 家乡2.2 Family Background 家庭背景情况 父母受教育水平Figure : Education level of parents 图 ： 父母受教育水平调查From the chart, we can know that there are about 10.4% respondents uneducated, about half of them educated from primary school to middle school, about 29 percent of them educated in Polytechnic school, about 9 percent of them getting Bachelors degree or above. Most of them are in primary school to middle school. Few of them get Bachelors degree or above. 第一个我们考虑到的有关家庭背景方面的就是家长的受教育水平。从以上统计表格，我们可以看出有 10.4%的家长没有接受过任何教育，50%左右的家长则接受过小学到初中教育，29%左右的家长上过专科院校，而只有 9%左右的家长上过本科大学。我们力图从各个方面来分析影响因素，所以家长的受教育水平也不容忽视。： 家庭平均月收入Figure : Average household income ：家庭平均月收入From the pie chart, we can come to the conclusion that about half of them have the average income from 2000 to 5000, some 35 percent of them with income from 1000 to 2000. The percentage of income from 0 to 1000 and above 5000 is the same, about 9 people. We can know that most of the family get the average household income from 2000 to 5000.第二个我们考虑到的因素是家庭收入方面的原因。从上述表格我们可以看出，家庭收入在 1000 元以下的占到8%，而 1000-2000 的占到总调查人口的 34.4%，2000-5000 的家庭数量占到 48.8%，超过 5000 元的家庭只有 8.8%。不同的家庭收入下的家庭，父母与孩子的关系也是不同的。： 家庭孩子数量Figure : The number of children图：： 孩子数量The chart shows that most families have two children, then one child. Very few family has more than three children. There are about 38 percent of the respondents with two children in family. Some 32 percent of them are from the family with only one child. About 24 percent of them live in the family with three children. There is about 6 percent of them the family with more than 3 children.第三个我们考虑的因素是家庭孩子数量方面的影响。从表格我们可以看出，是独身子女的家庭数目占到 6%，大部分都是有两个孩子，占到 41.6%，而有三个孩子的也有 22.4%，超过三个孩子的家庭是 6%左右。调查人们家庭孩子的数目可以知道是否孩子的数量也会影响父母与孩子的关系。:是否为单亲家庭Figure : Single-parents family or not 图：：是否为单亲家庭We can know that 38 people are from the single-parent family while 73 do not come from single-parent family. Most of the respondents have both father and mother around them.第四个我们调查的因素是是否为单亲家庭。从表中数据可以看出，有大概 20%多的家庭是单亲家庭，有接近 70%的家庭是个完整的家庭。调查显示，单亲家庭和非单亲家庭中父母与孩子关系也是不同的。2.3 Intimacy level 亲密程度调查：打电话的频率F: The frequency of the call ：打电话频率From the pie chart, we can easily see that 54.05 percent of people phone their parents once or twice a week. Then, 17.12 percent of people ring up their parents everyday while the same number of people call them only once a week. What is worse, there are 11.71 percent of people who seldom or never make phone call to their parents. Thankfully, most of the people call their parents once or twice a week.为了调查父母与孩子的亲密程度，我们第一个调查的就是打电话的频率。这一点主要针对不在同一个地方的父母和孩子。从图表我们可以看出，父母和孩子间每天都通话的占到 15%左右，一周一次或者两次的占到 59%左右，一个月只打一次电话的有 16%，而从来就不打或者很少打电话的也占了 10%。从打电话的多少，我们也可以看出其亲密程度。：孩子对待父母的态度F: relationship between children and their parents图：： 孩子对待父母的态度As we can see, 9.6 percent of people believe that the relationship between their parents and them are respectful while 14.4 percent of people think it is inhospitable.To our delight, most of them have a natural or friendly relationship with their parents. More than one third of people think the relationship between the two generations is friendly and 37.5 percent of people have a natural relationship with their parents.我们可以很清楚的看到，10 %左右的孩子对他们的父母是敬畏的，14%左右的孩子觉得是漠不关心的态度，而自然友好的关系为大多数孩子所拥有。从这种不同的态度，也将决定孩子与父母的关系。：当孩子犯错，父母的态度调查F：Attitude towards childrens mistakeFrom the chart, we can know that most of the parents often teach their children patiently when their kids make mistakes. 27.2 percent of people say that their parents often make a casual comment when they make mistakes. To our surprise, there is also 25.6 percent of parents pay little attention to their childrens mistake. What is worse, 6.4 percent of parents even beat and scold their children, which is bad for their children. It is not difficult for us to reach a conclusion that its hard for a parent to stand by and watch children make mistakes.从上述表格我们可以看出，当孩子犯错，大部分家长还是选择耐心教育，以免再犯同样的错误。也有少数家长只是稍微说几句，这种情况则有可能放纵孩子。更有甚者，还有一部分家长采取漠不关心的态度，这种做法无疑会增长孩子犯错的几率。当然，也不乏有的家长因为孩子犯了点小错就又打又骂，这是一种极其伤害孩子心灵的行为。从这里我们知道很少有家长会任由孩子犯错而什么也不管。2.4 Generation gap 是否有代沟的调查：是否有相同的兴趣爱好Figure Common hobbies 相同兴趣爱好From the chart, we can easily conclude that only a few people have lots of common hobbies with their parents. More than one half people have certain common hobbies with their parents while about one fourth of people say that they only have little common hobbies with their parents. Still, there are 6.96 percent of people have no common interests with their parents.表中显示了只有一小部分人可以清楚的告诉我们，他们和父母有相同的兴趣爱好。大部分人还是处于模棱两可的境地。觉得他们和父母有着少数的兴趣爱好。也有少部分人认为父母和自己根本就没有相似的爱好，自己和父母是两个世界的人。是否有相同的兴趣爱好，在一定程度上决定了父母和孩子能否一起聊天，谈心和共度空余时间。 是否认为和父母有代沟Figure Generation gap or not 图： 是否认为和父母有代沟The chart shows that the number of people who think a generation gap exists in their family is more than the number of people who do not think so. More than 62 percent of people think they have many different ideas with their parents which lead to the generation gap. Also, there are 37.39 percent of people believe that there is no gap between their parents and them. 这个表格可以告诉我们，认为他们和父母间存在代沟的人数远远多于认为没有的。大概有 62%的人认为代沟存在于他们和父母间。而 38%左右的，则认为他们和父母间没有代沟，他们可以和父母好好相处。3. Discussion 调查结果分析3.1 Analysis the phenomenon and reasons 现象分析和理由From the investigation, it is not hard to draw the conclusion that the problem of relationship between parents and children involves a lot. Parents with different background, different incomes and education level will have different relationship with their children. When children are at different ages, they tend to treat the relationship variously. Every family of parents and children has their own relationship, thus, there is no standard answer to why the relationship is like this, or how they can improve the situation. What we focus on is let you know the average phenomenon of the topic. Then we will briefly analysis the factors of the relationship differences. 从调查我们不难得出这样的结论:父母和孩子之间的关系问题涉及许多因素。不同的背景,父母不同的收入和教育水平都会导致他们和孩子的不同关系。当孩子们在不同的年龄阶段,他们会有和父母不同的关系。每个家庭的父母和孩子有其特有的关系,因此,没有标准的答案告诉我们什么样的关系是最好的，也不知道为什么是这样的关系,或者他们如何可以改善这种情况。我们的重点是让你们知道整个的大概水平。以下我们将简要地分析各类影响因素的差异。First of all, different family background makes different relationship. 1 .It is more likely to have a generation gap between parents and children when parents have lower income and received lower education. While in contrast, there is fewer generation gap between them when parents incomes between 2000-5000 and with bachelors degree. From this part, we can know that when parents receive higher education, they tend to pay more attention to childrens feelings and reaction, besides study. 2 .In addition, children who are from single-family and countryside are inclined to have bad relationship with their parents. This is mainly because they lack of the love from their parents when they are very young. Due to their different family education mode, children who are from the cities and towns then tend to keep a better relationship with their parents. So, the educational level, income and the area variation are the factors to the different kinds of relationships.首先，不同家庭背景早就不同的亲子关系。调查显示，父母收入水平较低和教育水平较低的家庭，亲子关系不太好。而相比之下,当父母的收入在 2000 - 5000 之间以及拥有学士学位的家庭有更少的代沟。从这部分我们可以看出，接受过高等教育的家长更加注重与孩子间的沟通和交流，在这种情况下，父母和孩子间的关系相对就比较好。除此之外，来自单亲家庭和乡村的家庭亲子关系不如城市家庭和非单亲家庭。这种现象出现的主要原因是由于孩子从小便缺少爱。来自农村的父母和孩子不太擅长表达自己的爱意，单亲家庭的孩子从小便缺少一部分的爱。由于他们家庭教育模式的不同，来自城镇的孩子们倾向于有着与父母更好的关系。因此，教育水平，收入和地区差异都是亲子关系不同的重要影响因素。Secondly, the intimacy level also counts a lot. Being more considerate and sensible, girls tend to keep better relationship with their parents than boys. Besides, different ages lead to different parent-child relationship. Here is a chart.Ages / Relationship年龄/关系 Good好 Bad坏 3-10 66.67% 33.33% 11-1936.59% 63.41% 20-29 39.19% 60.81% Above 30 50% 50%From the chart, we can see that when children are young, they can keep a good relationship with parents. This is because children usually do what their parents tell them to do, and will not oppose them. This period of time makes the best relationship. When children are between 11and 19, the rebellion time, the relationship has reached its tough time. Because children begin to have their own thoughts and find their parents annoyed. While when children are between 20 and 29, they are adults now, and they dont want to conflict with parents, even though their relationship is still a problem. However, when children grow up, the relationship is inclined to be better because of their maturity. 第二，其次,亲密程度也在一定程度上影响了很多。女孩由于生性敏感和体贴，因此相比于男孩，她们与父母更亲密。此外,不同年龄段导致不同的亲子关系。从图表中我们可以看到,当孩子还小的时候,他们可以与父母保持良好的关系。这是因为孩子们通常做他们的父母告诉他们的去做,也不反对他们。这段时间是最好的关系。当孩子们到了 11 岁至 19 岁时,叛逆期,这种关系已达到其艰难的时间。因为孩子们开始有自己的想法，并想尽办法表现自己长大了。这种情况下经常使他们的父母生气。而当孩子们到 20- 29 岁之间,他们是成年人了,他们不想与父母发生冲突,尽管他们的关系仍然是一个问题。然而,当孩子长大了, 因为他们的成熟，这种关系是倾向于更好。因此我们可以知道，孩子越大，越不好意思表达自己的爱意，但是也越来越懂事，所以更能体谅父母。Thirdly, generation gap is also an important factor. The picture shows us the impact of making phone call on friendly relationship. Children who call them parents everyday think there is no generation gap between them. And they make the call not because they are lacking in money or in trouble, but want to communicate them actively. While those who call their parents for money once a month lead a less friendly relationship with their parents. It tells us that active communication is also a significant factor to the parent-child relations.Whats more, children who will apologize to their parents after a quarrel feels better than those dont, which illustrates clearer to the generation gap. In other words, active and frequent communication will avoid generation gap, and make a friendly relationship.第三，是否有代沟也是一个重要的影响因素。这幅图向我们展示了打电话的影响。每天都打电话给他们的父母孩子们认为他们之间没有代沟。并且和他们打电话,不是因为他们没钱或者有麻烦,而是只是唠唠家常，想念他们。而那些一个月给父母打一次电话要钱的孩子则没有那么好的关系。这些数据告诉我们,主动打电话也是一个影响亲子关系的重要因素。除此之外，当和父母吵架后，会主动认错道歉的孩子比那些不这样做的人感觉更好，关系也更好。换句话说，与父母有着积极和频繁的交流的孩子，一般都与父母保持着更好的关系。3.2 Influences to children and parents 父母与孩子关系的不同带来的影响Parent-child relationship is the first kind of interpersonal relationship form in the life, and it is also the most basic and important relation in the family. So the influence of the relationship matters a lot.亲子关系是我们这个社会关系中最基本的一个，当然，这也是在家庭生活中最重要和最基本的关系。因此，亲子关系的不同影响面十分广泛。From one hand, the relationship do has great impact on the parents. Bad parent-child relationship can disappoint them. Once they become parents, they are proud that they can share their life experience with children. However, everything becomes nonsense if their parent-child relationship is not good. Their child will ignore what they say. In addition, it will also influence the parents daily life, such as work and family life. When the problem becomes increasingly serious, it may do harm to parents health as well.从一方面来说,对父母的有很大的影响。不好的父母与子女的关系可以让父母们失望。一旦他们成为父母,他们就会变得自豪,变得有担当。他们可以与孩子分享他们的生活经验。然而,如果他们的父母与子女的关系不是很好，一切都变得不那么如意。他们的孩子会忽略他们说什么，不会听他们说的任何事情。此外,它还会影响父母的日常生活中,如工作和家庭生活。当问题变得越来越严重,它甚至会危害父母的健康。From another hand, the relationship also influences the children a lot. If the children can not get along well with their parents, they will feel self-abased when other children talk about their parents gladly. Whats more, children can not get well-educated and cannot grow up healthily. Parents are the first teachers of children, it hard for them to adapt to the society if they do not listen to their “teacher”. With the rapid increasing of teenage crime, we must pay much attention to the problem.从另一个方面来说，亲子关系也在很大程度上影响着孩子。如果孩子们不能很好的处理和父母间的关系，他们会变得自闭，当其他孩子在滔滔不绝谈论自己家的父母的时候，他们会变得不讲话。更加严重的是，他们会厌学，不能快乐的成长。我们都知道父母是孩子最好的老师。如果他们连最初老师的话都不听的话，很难让他们去接受这个社会。随着青少年犯罪率的逐渐提高，我们应该更加关注这个问题。3. 3 Solutions and suggestions 解决办法和建议SocietyAs for society, we should set good example for children and parents. On the one hand, we should encourage children to follow their parents guide by setting students behavior standard. On the other hand, we should also set children protection law to prohibit children from being hurt in life. Children are always disadvantaged group. However, they are also our hope and future for not only a family but also a country. Thus, we should set law to protect them from being not only hurting, but also misleading. 对于社会来说，至于社会,我们应该为家长和孩子做好榜样。一方面,我们应该鼓励孩子们考虑父母的建设性的建议。同时我们应该设定学生的行为标准，不能让孩子们乱来。另一方面,我们也要拓宽各种保护法的普及面，以避免孩子在生活中受到伤害。孩子们总是弱势群体，我们一定要保护好他们。同时,他们不仅是家庭的希望，更是一个国家的希望和未来。因此,我们应该制定法律来保护他们，以免他们受伤害和被误导。ParentsAs for parents, they should improve their communication skill with the children because young people are always traitorous. Besides, parents should also respect their kids opinion and hobby. Everyone should have the right to make his or her own choice. One may grow up as soon as possible if he or she can deal with all affairs independently. On the contrary, if you shield them all the time, they will never grow up.对于父母来说，由于年轻人总是叛逆的。所以他们应该提高他们与孩子们的沟通技巧。除此之外,家长也应该尊重孩子的意见和爱好。每个人都应该有权利让他或她自己的选择。如果一个人能够单独处理好大部分事物的时候，就离他长大不远了，所以父母们应该放开手，让孩子们自己去拼搏。相反,父母们想永远保护他们，留他们在身边，他们将可能永远无法长大。ChildrenAs for children, we are ought to follow our parents advice because of their rich life experience and good intention. Everyone needs a guide in life in order to avoid making mistakes. Meanwhile, the best choice is none other than your parents. Whats more, we can never forget our parents hard work and care and we should never hurt our parents feeling. Be as mature as possible.对于孩子来说，我们应该尽量遵循我们的父母的建议,因为他们有着丰