应用电子技术教育专业中英文资料-TM卡单门控制系统设计

TM卡在本系统中(Touch Memory)卡作为首选卡型,该卡又称为信息纽扣。它是美国DALLAS公司的专利产品，它采用单线协议通讯，通过瞬间碰触完成数据读写,卡外形类似于一个 钮扣电池，采用直径17mm、厚3mm的纽扣状不锈钢外壳封装，可镶嵌于卡片、钥匙扣等物体上。无易 损 部件或易腐部件，具有携带方便、抗撞击、防水渍、耐腐 蚀、抗磁 扰、防折叠等显著特点，适用于恶劣的环境。1-Wire通信协议 使得卡存取数据极为方便，与触头轻轻一碰，瞬间即可完成数据信息的读写操作，其完善的保密存取方式，确保数据信息具有相当高的安全可靠性。卡种类繁多、性能多样。在本系 统中采用 DS1991AF3/F5型号的卡作为钥匙卡，此卡每一晶片上都刻有独一无二的64位二进制 ID号编码总数可达280万亿个具有不可伪造性， 在生产过程中用激光工艺永久刻在ROM上，并加了保护层，任何企图更改此号 码都会使CRC 校验过程出 错。极大的提高了系 统的安全性。iButton 产品历经数百万次的操作,仍然能保证精确可靠的 读写。它所具有安全、方便、耐用、先进性的特点,可广泛用于金融、电子收费、电子证件、电子安全系统以及资源使用授权等各种需要信息加密识别的领域。正是因为 iButton 具备磁卡、卡的功能而又有着明显的优势,它常常被制作成公交车月票卡、员工考勤卡、各种电子收费卡等等, 统称为卡。iButton是一个封装在 16mm 厚的不锈钢外壳内的计算机芯片。由于其采用独特的坚固外壳，可以将最新信息随人或目标物体携带到任何地方。实际 上由于钢制的 iButton 外壳足够坚固，可承受室内或室外的各种苛刻环境，使得 iButton 几乎可以安装在任何地方。iButton 十分的小巧轻便，可以附着在钥匙 链、戒指 环、手表或其他个人物品上，非常适合在日常生活中控制诸如建筑物及计算机、资产管理以及各种数据记录的访问权限。iButton 内的硅晶片最大限度的受到耐用材料 - 不 锈钢的保护。你可以将其扔在地上，踩 在脚下，或者随意刮擦。 iButton 经过磨损测试，具有 10 年的使用寿命。DS1990需要严格的协议来确保数据的完整传输,协议由四种类型的信号组成:由复位脉冲和应答脉冲构成的复位序列,写 0、写 1,读数据。除应答信号外,其余信号均被总线控制器初始化。所有与 DS1990的通 讯都由初始化序列开始。总线控制器( 这里指微处理器)发送(TX) 一个复位脉冲 (Trstl,至少 480s),然后释放总线并进入接收状态(RX),总线通过上拉电阻被置高。DS1990检测到数据端的上升沿后,进入短暂的等待状态(Tpdh,15-60s),然后发送一个应答脉冲(Tpdl60-240s),完成复位工作。DS1990A 准备好发送或接收数据。一旦总线控制器检测到应答脉冲,则发出一个 ROM 命令,的主要命令如: read,此命令允许总线控制器去读 DS1990A 的 8 位系列码,48 位序号码和 8 位 CRC 码。当命令被正确接受后,iButton 在总线上给出 ID 数据 Match ROM,此命令可用于总线上接入单个或多个 Touch Memory 器件的情况。1-Wire 总线仅 定义了一条信号线，所以让总线上每个器件都在适当的时刻运行是非常重要。为便于达到 这一目的，每一个接入 1-Wire 总线的器件都采用开漏连接或三态输出。DS1996 的 1-Wire 端口为漏极开路输出，多点总线在一条1-Wire 总线上挂接了多个从机器件。1-Wire 总线的最高标准数据传输率为16.3kbps。上拉电阻的阻值 取决于网络规模和负载条件，对于大多数应用，可选择 2.2k 的上拉电阻。1-Wire 的空闲状态为高电平，任何情况下需要暂停 1-Wire操作时， 总线必须置于空闲 状态，以便随后恢复 1-Wire 操作。如果没有进行上述操作，将总线置于低电平的 时间超过 120s，则总线上的一个或多个器件将被复位。1-Wire 所有设备 数据表共有二套命令。第一套命令指的是 ROM 作用命令，主要用来做设备鉴定和选择。第二套叫做记忆作用命令，但有时也包含其他 non-memory 的一些操作。ROM 作用命令被预先完成，因为每次设备选择时都会用到它。1-Wair APIs 由达拉斯半导体创造，并运用 这 些命令操作 1-Wair 设备。这些命令并没有固定的命名，这 个文件将当前命令与数据表对应起来作用 API 。那里特定的 API 是不可用的, 必须把它翻译成普通通信 API 来使用。此命令允许总线主机读取 DS1996 的 8 位家族码、唯一的 48 位序列 码和 8 位 CRC 校验码。此命令仅在总线上只有一个从机器件时可以使用。若总线上的从机超过一个，各器件同时发送数据时将会引发数据冲突（开漏输出将产生“线与” 的结果）。所得到的家族码和 48 位序列号将导致不匹配的 CRC。 TM-CardIn this system TM (Touch Memory) the card took first card this card also is called the information button is American DALLAS Corporations patent product, it uses the single track agreement communication, through instantaneous bumps touches completes the data read-write, T the M card contour is similar to a button battery, uses diameter 17 mm, The thick 3 6mm button shape stainless steel outer covering seal, may mount to the card, The key buckles and so in the object. The not vulnerable part or the easy spoiled part, to have carries Convenient, the anti- hit, water-damaged guards against, anti-corrosive, the anti- magnetic disturbance, guards against fold sand so on to be remarkable The characteristic, is suitable for the bad environment. 1 Wire correspondence agreement causes T the M card deposit and withdrawal data to be extremely convenient, gently as soon as bumps with the contact, instantaneous then Round number according to information read-write operation, its perfect security access mode, true Guarantees the data message to have the quite high security reliability. T M card type numerous Many, the performance is diverse. Uses DS1990A in this system F3/F 5 models the card to take the key card, on this card each chip all engraves has the unique 64 binary ID code total to be possible to reach 280000000000000 to have may not false Makes the nature, permanent engraves in the production process is with the laser craft on ROM, and Added the protector, any attempt changes this number all to be able to cause CRC to verify The regulation makes a mistake. Enormous enhancement system security. Touch Memory -Card because its shape resembles the button the size, takes one kind of information product, often Is called iButton (information button abbreviation, Italy is information button). It is American Dalls the s Corporations patent produces (Sequence number which, on each iButton has which the different serial number, cannot be changed 64 ID laser interior carves , has only One may the understanding its code capacity reach 264 . Its core is uses the single track serial transmission agreement to touch the type memory 1- wire Touch Memory , seals in the button type in the stainless steel vessel. The typical characteristic lies in (passive) by a line realizes the data Reads, writes and the status the recognition, so long as with pokes head in gently as soon as to bump (touches), instantaneous completes completely operates .iBtton the n product has been through repeatedly several million operations Still could guarantee precise is reliable read-write. Its institute Has safely, is convenient, durably, the characteristic But widely uses in financial, the electronic charge, the electronic card Electron safety system as well as resources use authorization And so on each kind of need information encryption recognition domain. Is because iButton has the magnetism card, IC card function But also has the obvious superiority, it is frequently manufactured Becomes the public transportation vehicle bus permit card, the staff checks attendance the card, each kind of electricity Sub- charge card and so on, the general designation is the TM-card.The iButton is a computer chip enclosed in a 16mm thick stainless steel can. Because of this unique and durable container, up-to-date information can travel with a person or object anywhere they go. The steel iButton can be mounted virtually anywhere because it is rugged enough to withstand harsh environments, indoors or outdoors. It is small and portable enough to attach to a key fob, ring, watch, or other personal items, and be used daily for applications such as access control to buildings and computers, asset management, and various data logging tasks. The silicon chip within the iButton is protected by the ultimate durable material: stainless steel. You can drop an iButton, step on it, or scratch it. The iButton is wear-tested for 10-year durability.DS1990A needs the strict agreement to guarantee the data the integrity transmission, the agreement is composed by four kind of types signals: By the replacement pulse and the reply pulse constitution replacement sequence, writes 0, writes 1, reading according to. Besides answering signal, other signals by bus control unit initialization. All and DS1990A communication all by initialization sequence start. The bus control unit (here figure of microprocessor) transmits (TX) a replacement pulse (Trest, at least 480 mus), then releases the main line and enters the receive condition (RX), the main line pulls the resistance through on to set high. DS1,990A examines the data end the rise along after, enters the short waiting status (Tpdh: 15-60 mu s), then transmits a reply pulse (Tpdl: 60-240 mus), completes the replacement work. DS1990 A prepares to transmit or the receive data. Like chart 4 shows for the replacement and the reply succession. Once the bus control unit examines the reply pulse, then sends out RO the M order, T M major command for example: Lamda Read ROM, this order permission bus control unit reads DS1990A 8 series codes,48 forewords number and 8C the R C yard. After orders correctly to accept, iButton (produces I D data on the main line; Lamda M a t c h ROM, this order may use in on the main line to turn on individually or many Touch Memory component situation.The 1-Wire bus has only a single line by definition; it is important that each device on the bus be able to drive it at the appropriate time. To facilitate this, each device attached to the 1-Wire bus must have open drain or tri-state outputs. The 1-Wire port of the DS1996A multi-drop bus consists of a 1-Wire bus with multiple slaves attached. At standard speed the 1-Wire bus has a maximum data rate of 16.3kbps. The value of the pull up resistor primarily depends on the network size and load conditions. For most applications the optimal value of the pull up resistor is approximately 2.2k. The idle state for the 1-Wire bus is high. If for any reason a transaction needs to be suspended, the bus MUST be left in the idle state if the transaction is to resume. If this does not occur and the bus is left low for more than 120s, one or more devices on the bus may be reset.All 1-Wire device data sheets describe two sets of commands. The first set referred to as ROM Function Commands are used for device identification and selection. The second set is often called Memory Function Commands but may contain other non-memory operations. A ROM Function Command must be completed each time a device is selected to get it ready for a Memory Function Command. The 1-Wire APIs created by Dallas Semiconductor utilize these commands to do operations with 1-Wire devices. Sometimes it is not always obvious what commands are being called. This document will map the commands presented in the data sheets to the API functions. Where specific API functions are not available, a technique will be presented to translate the commands using the generic communications API functions.In the usual situation, T M and the microcomputer select two methods to carry on the data exchange. One kind is utilizes standard serial mouth COM1, COM2; Moreover uses the printer parallel mouth. This article carries on the introduction take the string mouth way as the example. In the microcomputer, by R S %D232 standard work COM, uses the negative logical 12 V work power source; This with T the M card connection level symbol, does not need to carry on the level transformation. Connection software with the great assembly or the Clanguage compilation, is restricted in the length only to introduce the principle of work: First initialization hypothesis microcomputer serial mouth baud rate; After that card is sending out the replacement pulse by the port to T the M, connects in parallel fashion is replied the information; When T the M card preparation will be ready later to be allowed to def to the order code to carry on the data transmission. The programming key question is, establishes the more accurate time series.This command allows the bus master to read the DS1996s 8-bit family code, unique 48-bit serial number, and 8-bit CRC. This command can only be used if there is a single slave device on the bus. If more than one slave is present on the bus, a data collision will occur when all slaves try to transmit at the same time (open drain will produce a wired-AND result). The resultant family code and 48-bit serial number will result in a mismatch of the CRC.er TM卡在本系统中(Touch Memory)卡作为首选卡型,该卡又称为信息纽扣。它是美国DALLAS公司的专利产品，它采用单线协议通讯，通过瞬间碰触完成数据读写,卡外形类似于一个 钮扣电池，采用直径17mm、厚3mm的纽扣状不锈钢外壳封装，可镶嵌于卡片、钥匙扣等物体上。无易 损 部件或易腐部件，具有携带方便、抗撞击、防水渍、耐腐 蚀、抗磁 扰、防折叠等显著特点，适用于恶劣的环境。1-Wire通信协议 使得卡存取数据极为方便，与触头轻轻一碰，瞬间即可完成数据信息的读写操作，其完善的保密存取方式，确保数据信息具有相当高的安全可靠性。卡种类繁多、性能多样。在本系 统中采用 DS1991AF3/F5型号的卡作为钥匙卡，此卡每一晶片上都刻有独一无二的64位二进制 ID号编码总数可达280万亿个具有不可伪造性， 在生产过程中用激光工艺永久刻在ROM上，并加了保护层，任何企图更改此号 码都会使CRC 校验过程出 错。极大的提高了系 统的安全性。iButton 产品历经数百万次的操作,仍然能保证精确可靠的 读写。它所具有安全、方便、耐用、先进性的特点,可广泛用于金融、电子收费、电子证件、电子安全系统以及资源使用授权等各种需要信息加密识别的领域。正是因为 iButton 具备磁卡、卡的功能而又有着明显的优势,它常常被制作成公交车月票卡、员工考勤卡、各种电子收费卡等等, 统称为卡。iButton是一个封装在 16mm 厚的不锈钢外壳内的计算机芯片。由于其采用独特的坚固外壳，可以将最新信息随人或目标物体携带到任何地方。实际 上由于钢制的 iButton 外壳足够坚固，可承受室内或室外的各种苛刻环境，使得 iButton 几乎可以安装在任何地方。iButton 十分的小巧轻便，可以附着在钥匙 链、戒指 环、手表或其他个人物品上，非常适合在日常生活中控制诸如建筑物及计算机、资产管理以及各种数