2012高考英语 如何写好复合句教案

用心 爱心 专心1 20122012 高考英语书面表达专题 高考英语书面表达专题 1 1 如何写好复合句 如何写好复合句 在英语中 包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句 如果一个句子包含两个或更多的主谓 结构 其中有一个或更多的更多的主谓结构充当句子的某一个成分 这个句子就叫复合句 复合句分为名词性从句 定语从句 形容词性从句 和状语从句 副词性从句 其中 名词 性从句又分为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 一 名词性从句一 名词性从句 比较下列两组句子 1 Your explanation 主语 sounds 连系动词 reasonable 表语 只有一个主谓结构 简单句 What you said just now 主语从句 sounds 连系动词 reasonable 表语 主语包含一个主谓结构 复合句 2 I 主语 believe 谓语 your honesty 宾语 只有一个主谓结构 简单句 I 主语 believe 谓语 that you are honest 宾语从句 宾语包含一个主谓结构 复合句 主语从句 What you said just now 中的 What 宾语从句 that you are honest 中的 that 都是引导从句的关联词 从句的结构一般说来和简单句的一样 只不过从句前多了一 个关联词 了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键 引导名词性从句的关联词的词义的 用法见下表 类别词义在从句中的作用 连词 that无任何词义仅起连接作用 不做成分 连词 whether if意为 是否 起连接作用 不做成分 连接代词 what which who whom whose whatever whoever whomever whichever 有各自含义 连接从句 并在从句中充当 主语 表语 宾语 定语 连接副词 how when why where however whenever wherever 有各自含义连接从句 并在从句中充当 状语 如 1 That he didn t pass the examination disappointed his mother 用心 爱心 专心2 主语从句 that 没有意义 在从句中不充当任何成分 注 引导主语从句的 that 不能省略 如在上句中 如果省去 that 子结构混乱 是典型 的 汉语式英语 有了 that 就很容易看出 that 是连词 引导主语从句 That he didn t pass the examination 整个句子结构是 主语 谓语 宾语 2 The question is who will be elected president of the country 表语从句 who 意为 谁 在从句中作主语 3 You can give it to whomever you like 宾语从句 whomever 意为 任何人 无论谁 在从句中作宾语 4 I can t remember where I have read this article 宾语从句 where 意为 哪里 在从句中作状语 注注 名词性从句中有一个问题需特别注意 it 做形式主语 it 做形式主语 itit 做形式主语常用的句型 做形式主语常用的句型 It is 形容词 that It is 过去分词 that It matters doesn t matter that whether eg It 形式主语 is 系动词 necessary 表语 that you inform him of the date for the meeting at once 真主语 从句 It 形式主语 was said 谓语 that he used to be manager of a big company 真 主语 从句 It 形式主语 matters a lot 谓语 whether you can raise enough money for the project 真主语 从句 itit 做形式宾语的句型 做形式宾语的句型 主语 谓语 it 形式宾语 形容词 名词 宾语补足语 从句 真主语 不定式 eg We 主语 consider 谓语 it 形式主语 a great honour 宾补 that we can host the 2008 Olympic Games 真宾语 They 主语 found 谓语 it 形式主语 difficult 宾补 形容词 to communicate with the local people 真主语 名词性从句练习 名词性从句练习 一 用 that whether if what ever who ever whom ever whose which ever when why how where 填空 Everyone knew 1 Andy was a famous writer but no one knew 用心 爱心 专心3 2 she came from and 3 she was born in 1961 was still a mystery 4 they did know was 5 she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6 was in need of money Andy was generous and helpful but some people thought she was chasing fame Andy said she didn t understand 7 they were so narrow minded but it didn t matter 8 others would thought of her She just wanted to do 9 she thought was right I think that is 10 the meaning of life lies 二 将下列句子译成英语 然后分析每个句子的结构 1 这就是我们不同意你的方案的原因 2 他能考入北在下是我们意料中事 3 妈妈答应我她会好好照顾自己的 4 他们还没决定什么时候出发 5 很明显 他在撒谎 6 据报道 我们队夺得了金牌 7 真奇怪 他竟然这么粗鲁 8 我们规定每天练习一个小时的英语口语 二 定语从句二 定语从句 修饰名词或代词 用作定语的从句叫做定语从句 定语从句的特点是 从句前面有个 各词或代词 先行词 从句必须由关系代词或关系副词引导 关系代词有 who whom which that as 它们在从句中做主语或宾语 whose 在从句中做定语 whose 后必须有 一个名词 如 whose parents whose top 等 关系副词有 when where why 在从名中只能做状语 注 运用定语从句必须注意两点 由关系代词或关系副词所替代的成分在从句中不能重复 出现 定语从句与简单句一样 也要求句子结构既正确又完整 如 将下列每组句子连成一个含定语从句的复合句 并分析定语从句成分 1 The foreigner is from Canada He visited our class The foreigner who 主语 visited 谓语 our class 宾语 yesterday is from Canada 用心 爱心 专心4 2 Mrs Wang is the teacher Her son was admitted to Beijing University Miss Wang is the teacher whose 定语 son 主语 was admitted 谓语 whose 后 有 son who 代 her to Beijing University 3 Our teacher told us such a story It moved us all to tears Our teacher told us such a story as 主语 moved 谓语 us all 宾语 as 代 it 做主语 it 不重复出现 to tears 4 I will never forget the days We worked in that small town in those days I will never forget the days when we 主语 worked 谓语 in that small town 定语从句练习 定语从句练习 一 将下列每组句子连成一个含定语从句的复合句 并分析定语从句的成分 1 The noodles were delicious I cooked the noodles 2 The factory is in the west of the city His father works in that factory 3 They planted the trees The trees didn t need much water 4 I have a friend Her father is an engineer 二 把下列句子译成英语 1 他去年写的那本书深受读者欢迎 2 我妈妈教书的那所学校建于 1930 年 3 那个在会上做报告的人是我们的校长 4 她就是那个语音很好的女孩 三 状语从句三 状语从句 状语从句修饰主句中的动词 形容词和副词 由从属连词引导 可位于句首 也可位 于主句后 状语从句在句首时 往往有逗号使从句与主句隔开 引导状语从句的连词分类 状语从句连词 用心 爱心 专心5 时间 when whenever as while before after till as soon as hardly when no sooner than scarcely when each time every time the first time the minute the second the day immediately 地点 where wherever everywhere 条件 if unless providing provided that supposing suppose that as long as so long as on condition that in case only if if only 原因 Because as since now that seeing that considering that in fact in view of the fact 鉴于 让步 though although even if even though as while whatever whoever whenever wherever however no matter wh for all that granted whether or in spite of the fact that 比较 as than the same as not so as as as 方式 as if as though 目的 that in order that so that in case for fear that lest 结果 so that so that such that but that 在写好简单句的基础上 要写好含状语从句的复合句 掌握引导每种状语从句的连词 是关键 因为状语从句内的结构与简单句相同 我们需要什么状语从句 只需在句前加上 相应的连词既可 当然我们还需要分清复合句中哪是主句 哪是从句 如 1 当你再读这首诗后 从句 你将更明白它的含义 主句 When you read the poem a second time you will understand it better 从句中 除了多了连词 When 外 you read the poem a second time 与简单句结构相 同 2 客人每到一处 都受到热闹欢迎 Whenever they went the guests were warmly welcomed The guests were warmly welcomed whenever they went 状语从句练习 状语从句练习 把下列每两个句子连接成含状语从句的复合句 1 You will be late You leave immediately 2 I was walking in the street I saw an old friend of mine 用心 爱心 专心6 3 I may fail a thousand times I won t give up 4 He is considered to be a good writer His works are not widely read 5 We study very hard We can work well in the future 6 You can go to work in the place Your father worked there when he was young 要写好复合句最后需要注意的问题 千万不要交汉语一一对译成英语 一定要注意所 写复合句符合英语句子结构的特点及复合句中句子成分的完整 如 到车站时 他发一火 车已经走了 如果一一对译 则容易误译为 When arrived at the station he found the train had already left 其实前面已经讲过 从句与简单句一样 需讲究句子结构 的完整性 只不过从句前有很明显 缺少主语 需在 when 后加上 he 综合练习 综合练习 一 请补全下列复合句被遗漏的成分 1 He said at the meeting astonished us all 2 Tom won the first prize made his parents very happy 3 It was in Beijing I met him for the first time 4 Go and get your coat It s where you left 5 Anyone is late for class should say sorry to the teacher 6 You can have no idea he said 7 Please tell me when discuss the important problem 8 Keep it in mind you have to be home by ten o clock 9 I ll never forget the time we worked on the farm 10 After the war a new school was put up where had been a temple 二 将下列句子翻译成英语 1 她在丢失计算器的地方打到了它 2 无论你说什么 我都不会改变主意 3 我是昨天下午才知道这个消息的 4 李兵赢了比赛让我们大吃一惊 用心 爱心 专心7 5 听到这个消息的时候 他们禁不住大声欢呼起来 复合句练习答案复合句练习答案 名词性从句练习名词性从句练习 一一 1 that 2 where 3 whether 4 What 5 that 6 whoever 7 why 8 how 9 whatever 10 where 二 1 This is why we don t agree to your plan 2 That he could be admitted to Beijing University was what we had expected 3 Mother promised me that she would take good care of herself 4 They haven t decided when they will set off 5 It was clear that he was lying to us 6 It was reported that she our team had won the gold medal 7 It was strange that she should have been so rude 8 We made it a rule that we should practice oral English for an hour every day 定语从句练习答案 定语从句练习答案 一一 1 The noodles which I cooked were delicious 2 The factory where his father works is in the west of the city 3 They planted the trees which didn t need much water 4 4 I I havehave a a friendfriend whosewhose fatherfather isis anan engineer engineer 二二 1 The book which that he wrote last year is popular with the readers 2 The school where my mother works was built in 1930 3 The person who is speaking at the meeting is our headmaster 4 She is the girl whose pronunciation is very good 状语从句练习答案 状语从句练习答案 1 You will be late unless you leave immediately 2 I was walking in the street when I saw an old friend of mine 用心 爱心 专心8 3 Even if I may fail a thousand times I won t give up 4 Although he is considered to be a good writer his works are not wide