【优质】天津中考英语-首字母填空

1 天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷 英语英语 八 综合填空 本大题共八 综合填空 本大题共10小题 每小题小题 每小题1分 共分 共10分 分 根据短文内容及首字母提示 填写所缺单词 使短文意思完整 没空限填一词 2014 On July2 1937 Amelia Earhart an American pilot and Fred Noonan left New Guinea for Howland Island in the Pacific This was the longest and most dangerous part of their t 81 around the world Earhart had trouble soon after the plane took off The weather was very bad so she had to f 82 at 3 000 metres Going this high the plane used fuel quickly After about 20 h 83 Earhart and Noonan got close to Howland Island The island was o 84 about 65 miles 英里 away but the bright sun was shining in their faces so they couldn t see it Near Howland a ship was w 85 for the plane Earhart contacted the ship We don t have enough fuel she said The ship tried to stay in touch with her b 86 got no answer Finally the ship called for help People looked for Earhart and Noonan for days However they found nothing What happened to Amelia Earhart No one knows for sure D 87 the flight she probably moved in the wrong direction 方向 because the sun was bright and it was d 88 to see So she got lost soon after her plane ran out of fuel and she died at sea Another idea is that she survived 幸存 the plane crash 飞机失事 s 89 to a lonely island and later died there Still other think she survived the crash and secretly returned to the U S with a new identity 身份 Till now none of these i 90 has been proved People are still wondering about them Noonan s body has never been found either No matter what happened Earhart probably died as she wished When I go she said I d like best to go in my plane 2013 Many people say dolphins are very intelligent 聪颖的 They seem to be able to think understand and learn things quickly But are they c 81 like humans or more like cats or dogs Scientists say dolphin intelligence is s 82 to human intelligence in some ways How Like humans every dolphin has a name I 83 is a special whistle 哨声 Scientists think dolphins like people t 84 to each other about a lot of things such as their age their feelings or finding food And like humans dolphins use a system 系统 of sounds and body language to c 85 But understanding their conversations is not easy for humans No one speaks dolphin yet but some scientists are trying to learn Dolphins are also social animals They live in groups and they often come to play games from 2 different groups and have f 86 just like people In fact playing t 87 is something only intelligent animals do Dolphins and humans b 88 make plans to get something they want In the seas of southern Brazil dolphins use an interesting way to get food When fish are n 89 a boat dolphins signal 发信号 to the fishermen to put their nets 网 in the water And the men can catch a lot of fish What is the advantage for the dolphins Why do they h 90 the men The dolphins can get some of the fish 2012 Parents sometimes learn much from their children Many years ago a 81 my friend David worked day and night he was still not rich One day when he arrived h 82 after work he found his 3 year old daughter was decorating a box with some expensive wrapping paper He thought she was w 83 money and became angry with her He even p 84 his daughter by beating her However the little girl brought the box to her father the next morning and said This is for you Daddy Merry Christmas He was embarrassed 尴尬 by his overreaction 过激反应 but he became angry a 85 when he found the box was empty He shouted at her Don t you know that when you give someone a present there should be s 86 inside it The little girl looked up at him with t 87 in her eyes and said Oh Daddy I blew kisses in the box I filled it with my l 88 All for you Daddy The father was very surprised He put his arms around his little girl and said s 89 to her Later David told me that he kept that box by his bed for years When he was discouraged 情绪低落 he would take out an imaginary 想像的 kiss from the box and r 90 the love of the child 2011 Bill and Simon were good friends One summer they were on h They wanted to sail around the Caribbean Sea in their boat for two weeks During their trip they saw many whales Bill and Simon were very e because they had wanted to see them very much Unluckily w they were watching them the whales began to hit the side of the boat Suddenly w started coming in and they realized that they were in trouble They q jumped into the lifeboat before the sank 沉没 and watched it disappear under the sea Luckily they had enough food and water for about twenty d They also had a fishing line and 3 a machine which could change sea water i drinking water These two things helped them to survive 存活 during their terrible experience For the next fifty days they caught about ten fish a day and a them They saw about twenty ships but although they waved and shouted when the ships were passing n saw them They were becoming weaker and weaker Then just as they were beginning to l hope a fishing boat saved them 2010 Think about two people you know How would you describe their personalities Are they the s 81 Of course not Everyone is different Even identical twins have different personalities Some people are very outgoing 外向的 and friendly They like to be w 82 other people all the time Maybe they like to be the centre of attention And some people are quiet maybe even s 83 They can be friendly too But they like to be alone or with just a f 84 friends Some people worry a lot They may worry about many things such as their jobs their families and anything that may happen in the future H 85 some people don t worry about anything They n 86 mind what is going on next These people are very relaxed Some people are hard working They always do their b 87 But some people are lazy They don t care about d 88 things right or getting things done on time Hard working people always get more chances than those lazy o 89 in life And don t f 90 this Everyone is different That means you are special 2009 Eleven year old Antonin Careme could not believe that his father had ordered a lot of delicious food It was an unexpected 意料不到的 dinner b 81 the Careme family was poor As he was eating thankfully his father e 82 to him in a sad voice that this would be a farewell meal His father could no l 83 support all his children so Antonin would have to leave home to make money h 84 After the meal Antonin walked a 85 the streets wondering who would take him in He knocked on the door of a restaurant where the o 86 happened to need an assistant In the restaurant young Antonin g 87 his first lesson in cooking He was hardworking and his employer 雇主 decided to teach him a 88 the skills and secrets of French cooking When he was fifteen years old Antonin 4 trained under the famous cook Baily One of Baily s customers was s 89 impressed with Antonin s style of cooking that he asked him to be his p 90 cook working at his home Antonin later went on to work for a diplomat a banker and even the king 2008 There are two main kinds of sports These two kinds of sports are team sports and individual 个人的 sports Team sports are such as baseball basketball and v 81 Team sports r 82 two separate 独立的 teams The teams play against each other They compete against each other in order to get high s 83 For example in a football game if team A get 7 points and team B get 3 points team A wins the game Team sports are sometimes c 84 competitive sports Besides team sports there is a 85 main type or kind of sporting activities This is individual sports In individual sports there is n 86 teams There isn t any competition People play individual sports in order to get exercise They don t play individual sports for competition G 87 they want to get some exercise not to win a game Individual sports are such sports as swimming skiing and r 88 Of course it is possible to compete in individual sports It is possible to keep a score in individual sports The main difference however b 89 teams sports and individual sports is that individual sports can be performed alone Team sports need more than o 90 person 2007 Knowing how to use a computer is an essential skill for everyone w 81 wants to succeed in today s world One basic computer program that everyone should learn to use is the word processing program Most types of writing are e 82 produced with a word processing program For e 83 everyone must sometimes write a business letter Using a computer allows you to arrange 整理 排列 and rearrange information easily making your writing more c 84 and exactly correct Word processing programs can help you check your s 85 and grammar A computer makes it easy to correct m 86 Computers can be u 87 for much more than word processing however Other areas are picture design programming and creating new g 88 Jobs i 89 the computer field are growing and strong computer skills can s 90 you well now and into the future 5 2006 Will it matter if you don t take your breakfast A short time ago a test w 83 given in the United States People of different a 84 from 12 to 83 were asked to have a test During the test these people were given all kinds of breakfasts and s 85 they got no breakfast at all Scientists wanted to see how well t 86 bodies worked when they had had different kinds of breakfasts The results show that if a person e 87 a right breakfast he or she will work better than if he or she has no breakfast If a student has fruit eggs bread and milk b 88 going to school he will learn more quickly a 89 listen more carefully in class The results a 90 show that having no breakfast will not h 91 you lose weight This is because people become so h 92 at noon that they eat too much for lunch So they will gain weight instead of losing weight 2005 Only Mother Love is true love It gives everybody everything all h 86 life When you are still a baby mother takes good care of you as p 87 In your w 88 hours she always holds you in her arms When you are ill she stops her work right now to look after you day and night a 89 forgets about herself When you are growing up day b 90 day she feels very happy When you are old enough to go to school mother still looks after you all the time On cold winter days she always tells you to put on more clothes She always stands in the wind w 91 for you back from school When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast she you back from school When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast she always feels w 92 about you at home She usually knows about your study and spends much money on your school things When you do well at school you will see the brightest smile on her face Mother is always ready to give everything she h 93 to her children n 94 to receive What true love that is in the w 95 We will remember Mother Love for ever 2004 Are you able to send a letter with pictures and sounds to someone anywhere in the world without putting a stamp on it We 76 e mail you can just do that Using a c 77 you can send e mail quickly and easily The post is much s 78 than e mail E mail can send i 79 message to the other side of the world in seconds E mail is easy to use and it s 80 time and money The differences in time in different parts of the world do not mater w 81 sending e mail It is twenty four hour service 服务 that you can send e mail at any time of the day or n 82 No one has to be t 83 to receive e 6 mail It d 84 matter if your friends are in bed when you send e mail to them or you are seeing a f 85 at the cinema when they send e mail back 2003 While traveling in Russia Ed Jackson ran short 缺少 money So he wrote t 1 his brother asking for 500 Send the m 2 by telegram 电报 to the bank 银行 here he wrote After a week Ed began v 3 the bank He s 4 his passport 护照 to the bank clerk 职 员 Nothing has come for you Mr Jackson he was told Theis went o 5 for three weeks and Mr Jackson got very w 6 He then phoned his brother asking w 7 the money was The brother said it had been sent three weeks b 8 That evening Ed Jackson was arrested 被捕 for failing to p 9 his hotel bill 账 单 He tried to tell the police what his problem was but no one would believe him At last he was s 10 to the police station for fifteen days 2002 When Martin was a small boy he lived in the little town of Holtham Then he thought the town was a big p 81 Well Martin went back to Holtham last week It s a small town he thought Holtham has changed little during the p 82 forty years B 83 Martin has changed a lot He has g 84 into a man He is now in m 85 life His thoughts are a man s thoughts and he sees things a m 86 eyes Martin s 87 in Holtham for five hours He walked from street t 88 street He could see no friends Was Holtham then a town of strangers No Martin suddenly u 89 it all Only he h 90 was a stranger in the town 2001 Can animals be made to work for people Some scientists think that one day animals may be trained 训练 to do a number of simple jobs i 81 of people They say that at a circus 杂技场 for example we may see elephants monkeys dogs and other animals doing q 82 skillful 熟练 的 things Perhaps you have seen them on the television or in a film If you watch closely you may find that the trainer 驯兽员 always g 83 the animal some sugar o 84 a piece of fruit as a reward 报酬 The scientists say that many d 85 animals may be trained to do a lot of simple things if they know they will get a reward f 86 doing that 7 Of course as we know dogs can be trained to look after a house and soldiers in both old and modem t 87 have u 88 geese to give warning 警报 by m 89 a lot of noise when an enemy comes near And also it may be possible to train animals to work in families or f 90 2000 At different times in a man s life his food has different effects 影响 on his body Among children f 76 is quickly changed to the power 力量 to run and play games Most of a young man s food is spent on growing t 77 we grow upwards only d 78 the first twenty years of our l 79 not later Working men get their strong bodies from their food and if they work h 80 they do not get fat Office workers eat well and s 81 down a lot and may begin to grow fat when still quite young Many older p 82 try to work much and walk often Perhaps the most difficult time is when a man r 83 sixty years of age His body and mind b 84 restful without much work or interest That is when food changes quickly to f 85 8 高氯酸对阿胶进行湿法消化后 用导数火焰原子吸收光谱技术测定阿胶中的铜 中药三大宝 人参 鹿茸和阿胶 阿胶的药用已有两千多年的悠久历史 历代宫 马作峰 论疲劳源于肝脏 J 广西中医药 2008 31 1 31 史丽萍 马东明 解丽芳等 力竭性运动对小鼠肝脏超微结构及肝糖原 肌糖元含量的影响 J 辽宁中医杂志 王辉武 吴行明 邓开蓉 内经 肝者罢极之本 的临床价值 J 成都中医药大学学报 1997 20 2 9 杨维益 陈家旭 王天芳等 运动性疲劳与中医肝脏的关系 J 北京中医药大学学报 1996 19 1 8 1 运动性疲劳与肝脏 张俊明 高效强力饮 增强运动机能的临床 J 中国运动医学杂志 1989 8 2 10117 种水解蛋白氨基酸 总含量在 56 73 82 03 霍光华 采用硝酸 硫酸消化法和 18 4 372 374 1995 206 2 林华 吕国枫 官德正等 衰竭运动小鼠肝损伤的实验性 J 天津体育学院党报 1994 9 4 9 11 凌家杰 肝与运动性疲劳关系浅谈 J 湖南中医学院学报 2003 2 6 31 凌家杰 肝与运动性疲劳关系浅谈 J 湖南中医学院学报 2003 23 6 31 谢敏豪等 训练结合用中药补剂强力宝对小鼠游泳耐力与肌肉和肝 Gn LDH 和 MDH 的影响 J 中国运动医学杂 杨维益 陈家旭 王天芳等 运动性疲劳与中医肝脏的关系 J 北京中医药大学学报 1996 19 1 8 2 1 中药复方 2 2 单味药 33 阿胶和复方阿胶浆 常世和等 参宝片对机体机能影响的 J 中国运动医学杂志 1991 10 1 49 聂晓莉 李晓勇等 慢性疲劳大鼠模型的建立及其对肝功能的影响 J 热带医学杂志 2007 7 4 323 325 3 1 概述 3 2 关于阿胶和复方阿胶浆医疗保健作用的 3 2 1 营养成分和评价 3 2 2 阿胶的药理作用 3 2 3 阿胶的临床应用 4 Xie MH etal Effects of Hong jing tian she 1u on reproductive axis function and exercise capacities in men The5 周志宏等 补肾益元方对运动小鼠抗疲劳能力的影响 J 中国运动医学杂志 2001 20 1 83 84202 204 5 InternationalCourseandConferenceonPhysiologicalChemistry and Natrition of exercise and training Abstract 6 杨维益等 中药复方 体复康 对运动性疲劳大鼠血乳酸 p 一内啡肤 亮氨酸及强啡肤 Al 13 影响的实验研 仙灵口服液可提高机体运动能力 加速运动后血乳酸的消除 F3 口服液能调整 PCO2 孙晓波等 鹿茸精强壮作用的 J 中药药理与临床 1987 3 3 11 于庆海等 高山红景天抗不良刺激的药理 J 中药药理与临床 1995 7 7 283 牛锐 淫羊藿炮制前后对小鼠血浆睾丸酮及附近性器官的影响 J 中国中药杂志 1989 14 9 18 P 0 05 肝脏是动物机体重要脏器之一 Pi 同疲 肝主筋 人之运动皆由于筋 故为罢极之本 人体肝脏的功能活动也必阿胶 味甘性平 入肺 肝 肾经 具有补血止血 滋阴润肺的功效 神农本阿胶 又称驴皮胶 为马科动物驴的皮去毛后熬制而成的胶块 是中国医药宝库中阿胶 熟地配伍能使 补而不滋腻 共奏益气补血之功 主要治疗各种原因导致的气血阿胶对细有促进作用 提示阿胶能提高机体免疫功能 另外阿胶具阿胶具有很好的止血作用 常用来治疗阴虚火旺 血脉受伤造成的出血 比如 阿胶能治疗缺铁性贫血 再生障碍性贫血等贫血症状 阿胶对血小板减少 白细阿胶是一类明胶蛋白 经水解分离得到多种氨基酸 阿胶具有很多的药理作用和阿胶又称驴皮胶 为马科动物驴的皮去毛后熬制而成的胶块 中药界有句口头禅 阿胶中的营养成分比较多 主要有蛋白质 多肽 氨基酸 金属元素 硫酸皮肤 把阿胶应用于运动员或人群中的实践应用性 具有很大的潜力和市场前景 白血病 鼻咽癌 食道癌 肺癌 乳腺癌等 阿胶不温不燥 老少皆宜 一年四季均伴随现代竞技体育的强度越来越大 运动员在大运动量训练后出现的各种疲劳征象 胞减少等症也具有效果明显效果 另外 经配伍 阿胶可用来治疗多种出血症 医学保健作用 阿胶具有耐缺氧 耐寒冷 抗疲劳和增强免疫功能作用 同时 阿胶具有 本文的目的意义有以下两个方面 一是通过阿胶的抗疲劳能力 来进一 本以运动性疲劳相关症状明显的篮球运动员为对象 以谷丙转氨酶 谷表明 阿胶还用于治疗妊娠期胎动不安 先兆流产 习惯性流产等 对于月经病步了解运动员服用阿胶以后 不但能够使男女运动员的谷草转氨酶含量水平 谷丙转参促进人体对糖原和三磷酸腺苷等能源物质的合理利用 并使剧烈运动时产生的乳草经 将其列为上品 本草纲目 载阿胶 疗吐血衄血 血淋尿血 肠风下痢 女草转氨酶 谷酰转肽酶 总胆红素 白蛋白和白蛋白 球蛋白含量水平为测定指标 产生运动 从中医学的观点来看 筋就是聚集在一起的肌肉束 膜是筋的延长和扩布 常所说的肌腱和韧带等器官 韧带和肌腱坚韧有力 通过韧带和肌腱伸缩牵拉骨骼肌充在筋 也就说明了筋的功能受到肝脏的调节 所以 医家大多从筋与肝相关的角除运动后的疲劳 已经成为运动医学领域的热点 而中医药在改善 消除运动性促进肌肉和肝脏有氧氧化能力的作用 红景天圣露能促进机体运动后的恢复和消除促进血液凝固和抗贫血作用 有提高血红蛋 白红细胞 白细胞和血小板的作用 到影响 的变化 主要表现为部分肝细胞破裂 内容物进入窦状隙 未受损的肝细胞糖原明的核心问题之一 也是运动训练学所要克服的核心问题之一 疲劳是机体的一的滋补类药品 因始产于聊城东阿 故名阿胶 距今已有两千多年的生产历史 最早低分子肽含量分别是 15 45 10 97 13 18 霍光华 采用标准水解法和氨基低运动后血清尿素氮含量 加速体内尿素氮及血乳酸的清除速率 提高小鼠的游泳点 肝之合筋 的观点 肝者 其充在筋 的观点 食气入胃 散精于肝 淫气于动领域的广泛应用 动性疲劳关系最为密切者当首推肝脏 动性疲劳后机体恢复作用和机制的十分活跃 动员和贮备 以及机体对运动刺激的适应和运动后的疲劳的恢复起到重要的促进作用度阐述肝与疲劳的关系 其实肝尚可通过脏腑气血等多个途径影响疲劳感的产生和度的 DS 标准液 加适量天青 试液 536nm 处测定吸收值 建立工作曲线回归方程 对于运动产生的机理 中医学解释比较通俗易懂 即 韧带和肌腱的伸缩牵拉骨对运动性疲劳的多集中于中枢疲劳与外周肌肉疲劳 而较少涉及肝脏实质器而略于补立法 以健脾保肝 补中益气组方的确是防治运动性疲劳的一条新思新 故发挥和延缓运动性疲劳的产生都能起积极而有效的作用 总之 体力和脑力的产生均复的适应能力 复方阿胶浆是由阿胶 红参 党参 熟地 山楂等药组成 主入肝 脾两经 方肝 人动血运于经 的论述 明确指出运动能力与肝和血密切相关 这种 动则血肝脾同处于中心位置 共同掌管着气化的职责 所以运动性疲劳的气虚神乏大多是由肝损害可导致动物运动能力下降 也有大量实验观察了急性力竭疲劳对动物肝脏的肝糖原 肌糖元含量下降 其程度随着衰竭运动次数增加而增加 林华等 通过对衰肝有关 由此可以推测神经递质 激素的释放等生理活动均同肝脏有密切关系 再者肝与筋的关系非常密切 在许多著作中都阐述了这一观点 如 肝主筋 的观肝脏对内分泌具有促进作用 中医认为 胆汁的分泌 女子的排卵 男子的排 精均主藏血 主筋 为 罴极之本 有储藏营血与调节血量的作用 是提供运动所肝主疏泄 调畅气机 对气血津液的生成 输布和代谢有着重要意义 就运动生高山红景天在疲劳情况下能提高机体持续工作的时间 维持血压 心率的正常水高小鼠肝糖原的储备量 降低运动后血清尿素氮含量 加速体内尿素氮及血乳酸的骼肌产生运动 素问 六节藏象论 曰 肝者 罢极之本 魂之居也 其华在爪 其个特别复杂的生理生化过程 总的说来 疲劳可分为生理疲劳和心理疲劳 1982 工作能力的作用 强力宝能促进肌肉和肝脏有氧氧化能力的作用 参宝片也能具有官的疲劳 肝脏作为人体重要的脏器 与运动性疲劳的关系极为密切 国际运动医学协会主席普罗科朴 Polo1Capur 认为运动性疲劳问题是运动医学过度的训练 残酷的比赛引起的缺氧 强应激反应会导致机体的神经内分泌系统 心过去一段时间 抗运动性疲劳传统上单纯采用补的模式 现在 中医药抗疲劳出还认为 食气入胃 全赖肝木之气以疏泄之 而水谷乃 化 气血方得以运生 说明和血虚者 如服用阿胶补益 也具有良好的效果 临床上充分发挥阿胶的养血 补血 恢复正常 促进酸碱平衡的恢复 减少碱性物质的消耗 机体的血量增加 以便增加通气 血流比值 肝内所贮存的血液就会更多的向机体全身肌腱和韧带等器官的力量 筋和筋膜向内连着五脏六腑 肝将脾输送来的精微之气浸 涉水等劳动或运动都称为 劳 而竞技体育由于其具有大运动量 高强度的加 剑 便无踪无影 阿娇日日夜夜在狮耳山 狼溪河附近狩猎 最后