高中英语复合句(公开课)ppt课件.ppt

主从复合句 1 名词性从句定语从句状语从句 复合句的种类 主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句 时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 比较状语从句 方式状语从句 2 构成从句的三大核心要素 连接词 语序 时态 陈述性 一致性 兼顾主句时态 唯一性 重点 3 名词性从句的连接词 名词性从句包括主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 其关联词有 连词that if whether 连接代词what who which 等和 连接副词when where why how等 4 名词性从句类型判断 V 谓语动词 主语从句 V 谓语动词 宾语从句 L V 联系动词 表语从句 N 名词 同位语从句 定语语从句 5 为保持句子平衡 that引导主语从句时 常用it作形式主语而把真正的主语从句后置 主要有以下几种情况 Itis n apity ashame afact nowonder etc that clauseItisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage Itisnowonderthatheisnothungry hehasbeeneatingsweetsallday Itis adj certain likely probable true etc that clauseItisprobablethathetoldhereverything Itistruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek 6 Itis p p said reported believed etc that clauseItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman madesatelliteintoorbit It v seems happened etc that clauseItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday 其他情况 Itdoesn tmatterwhetherhewillcomeornot Itmakesnodifferencewherewehadthemeeting Itsuddenlyoccurredtomethatshehadforgottentolockthedoor 7 1 YouknowthatIamateacherofEnglish 2 ThatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall 3 ItisknowntoyouallthatIamateacherofEnglish 4 ThefactthatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall 5 Iamworriedaboutwhetheryoucandowellintheexam 6 WhatIamworriedaboutiswhetheryoucandowellintheexam thatIamateacherofEnglish ThatIamateacherofEnglish thatIamateacherofEnglish whetheryoucandowellintheexam ObjectClause SubjectClause SubjectClause PredicativeClause AppositiveClause thatIamateacherofEnglish whetheryoucandowellintheexam ObjectClause 判断下列从句的类型 SubjectClause WhatIamworriedabout 8 1 1989 Thesephotographswillshowyou A whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB whatourvillagelookslikeC howdoesourvillagelooklikeD howourvillagelookslike2 1992 WordhascomesomeAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourschoolnextweek whatB thatC whetherD when3 2004全国卷I Ilike intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright A thisB thatC itD one 名词性从句高考题赏析 9 4 1995 isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageA ThereB ThisC ThatD It5 1996 wecan tgetseemsbetterthanwehave 6 1999 IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff A whyB whenC whatD where7 04湖南卷 IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow I vebeenuptosofar soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote A whichB whyC whatD how What whatB What thatC That thatD That what 10 8 2001 Acomputercanonlydo youhaveinstructedittodo A howB afterC whatD when9 2004全国卷I Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree 10 2005浙江卷 Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary hewouldcallagainintheafternoon A whoB thatC asD which11 04天津卷 Amoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago A whatB whichC thatD where12 04上海卷 AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace A whereB whatC thatD how whyB whereC whatD how 11 定语从句的引导词 12 定语从句只用that不用which的几种情况 that指物时一般可以和which换用 但在下列几种情况下只用that不用which 先行词为all anything everything nothing something等 如 Wearereadytodosomethingthatisofsomehelptoothers 先行词被all only no some any every each few little等修饰时 如 Ihavereadallthebooks that yougaveme 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级等修饰时 如 Thefirstlesson that MrGreengaveuswillneverbeforgotten 13 如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时 如 Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandhospitals that youaretalkingabout 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时 如Whoisthatboythatwasherejustnow 当引导词在从句中作表语时 如 Chinaisn tthecountrythatitusedtobe 14 定语从句不能使用that的情况 定语从句中介词置于关系代词之前时 指人用whom 指物用which 如 Doyouknowthemantowhomheisspeaking ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedlastyear 引导非限制性定语从句不能用that 如 MrSmithhastwosons bothofwhomworkedabroad Beijing whichisthecapitalofourcountry haschangedalot Theyarrivedatafarmhouse infrontofwhichsataboyofseventeen 15 注意 如何判断介词 Thegirl whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim Heistheman whomIthinkyoucandepend 1 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配 for on 16 2 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks whichIamnotveryfamiliar Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert with in 17 3 根据先行词判断 所用的介词与先行词搭配 Therate whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased Thisisourclassroom whichthereisateacher sdesk at inthefrontof 18 Thecommitteeconsistsof20members 5of arewomen Thebookcontains50poems mostof werewrittenin1930s Therearetwoleft oneof isalmostfinished andtheotherof isnotquite Ihaveasentence themeaningof Idon tunderstand whom which which which which 名词 代词 数词 of which whom 19 一 定语从句与同位语从句 1 When where why在定从和同从中的应用1 wehaven tyetsettledthequestion wearegoingtospendoursummervacationon1stOct A whenB whereC thatD which 2 I llneverforgettheday IjoinedtheLeague A whenB thatC inwhichD which 20 3 Thereason hemovedtotheUSAisnotcleartome A whyB thatC whenD which 4 Wehaven tfoundouttheproblem thecomputerwasoutoforder A whyB thatC whichD whether 5 Isthisthereason atthemeetingforhisbeingabsentfromhiswork A whyheexplainedB heexplainedC whenheexpainedD howheexplained 21 小结 相同点 when where why在定从中和同从中均充当状语成分不同点 when where why在定从中有相应的先行词 可表示为介词 关系代词 而在同从中无相应先行词 不可表示为介 关系代 22 That在定从与同从中的区别用A thatB which填空 1 weallhaveheardthenews ourteamwon 2 wedon tbelievethenews hetoldusyesterday A B A 23 3 thepoliceruledout 排除 thepossibility Justintoldthem 4 Thepoliceruledoutthepossibility Jutinwastakenawaybythealiens 5 Thenews youtoldmeyesterdaywastrue 6 Thenews thepresidentwillvisitourschoolspreadquickly B A A B A A 用A thatB which填空 24 小结 定语从句与先行词是修饰关系 关系代词that which在从句中做主 宾 表等成分 从句成分不完整 同位语从句与被解释词是解释说明关系 连接词that在句中不作成分 从句成分完整 25 二 定从与主从 宾从和表从1 定从与主从翻译 不论谁在公共场所随意吐痰都该被罚翻译 无论他做什么都不会对我有什么影响 a Whoeverspitsinpublicshouldbepunished b Anyonewhospitsinpublicshould a Whateverhedoesmakesnodifferencetome b Anythingthathedoesmakesno 26 小结 whoever anyonewho whatever anythingthat判断正误 a Whobreaksthelawwillbepunishedb Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished c Whorobbedthebankisnotclear d Whoeverrobbedthebankisnotclear 小结 时态与意义判断 误 正 正 误 27 1 Asisknowntousall paperwasfirstmadeinChina 定从 2 ItisknowntousallthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina 主从 3 WhatisknowntousallisthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina 表从 4 WeallknowthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina 宾从 小结 定语从句与主宾表从句在特定情况下可以表示相同的意思 28 填空 1 Hetoldusall hadhappened10yearsago A thatB whatC which2 Hehastoldusall heexperiencedabroad A whichB whatC howD when小结 what somethingthatallthat what练习 Ourhometownisnolonger shewas20yearsago AThatB whichC whereD what 29 2 Itseemstousthatnoreason hegaveusforhisabsenseisbelievable thatB whatC whyD which3 Theartcenteris usedtobeafactory millionsoftractorsweremade what whereB where whereC what whichD where which 30 31 总结 用什么样的关系词或连接词 均要在从句中分析查找 关系词和连接词存在某种转化关系 What allthat somethingthatWhatever anythingthatWhoever anyonewho2 高考考查的趋势是多种复合句的融合 而非单一句法的考查 32 3 定语从句与名词性从句的本质区别 定从多存在被修饰的先行词 且先行词 或关系词 在从句中作成分 名从没有先行词 名从中的连接词除了that whether外 均在从句中作成分 33 状语从句 状语从句按意义和作用可分为 时间状从 地点状从 原因状从目的状从 结果状从 方式状从 让步状从 条件状从 比较状从等九种 状语从句放在主句之前常用逗号隔开 放在主句之后不用逗号 34 状语从句的引导词 1 时间状从 2 地点状从 3 原因状从 8 让步状从 when as while assoonas while before after since till until theminute themoment thesecond everytime theinstant immediately nosooner than hardly when scarcely when where wherever anywhere everywhere because since as nowthat 35 4 目的状从 5 结果状从 6 方式状从 状语从句的引导词 sothat inorderthat forfearthat inthehopethat forthepurposethat so that such that as asif h