初中英语语法——句型转换之同义句

初中英语语法 句型转换之同义句 注意 修改顺序 同义句转换是句型转换题型中一种非常重要的形式 所谓同义句转换 是指用不同的词汇 短语及句型表示相同或相近的意思 它是中考命题的一大热点 现将常见的同义句转换形 式作一归纳 以期对同学们的中考复习有所帮助 一 用同义词 组 或近义词 组 改写 1 The children are wearing beautiful clothes The children are beautiful clothes 2 Every day Yao Ming receives E mails from thousands of basketball fans Every day Yao Ming thousands of basketball fans 3 Mr Smith is working Mr Smith is 答案 1 in 2 hears from 3 at work 简析 英语中有不少同义 近义词 组 在平时学习中要注意总结归纳 如 enjoy oneself have a good time look after take care of difficult hard can be able to over more than receive get a letter from hear from 等等 二 用反义词 组 改写 4 Chinese is more popular than Japanese Japanese is popular Chinese 5 The runner couldn t catch up with the others in the race The runner the others in the race 6 A computer is more useful than a VCD A VCD is not useful a computer 答案 4 less than 5 fell behind 6 as as 简析 此类转换应注意有时主语位置会改变 并要特别总结归纳反义词 组 如 new old big small long short more than less than 等 三 用同义句型改写 7 Ann spent two weeks getting ready for the exams It Ann two weeks to ready for the exams 8 She spent 30 dollars on the English Chinese dictionary The English Chinese dictionary 30 dollars 答案 7 took get 8 cost her 简析 此类转换必须弄清每个句型的构成特点 而且还要注意句中每个句型的固定搭 配 如 give sb sth 与 give sth to sb 的转换 spend some time in doing sth on sth 与 It takes sb some time to do sth 的转换等等 四 二句并一句转换为简单句 9 Jim doesn t like noodles and Jack doesn t either Jim Jack likes noodles 10 Mrs Smith is my teacher She is also my good friend Mrs Smith is my teacher my good friend 答案 9 Neither nor 10 not only but also 简析 英语中常用 not only but also either or neither nor both and 等连词把两个意义相关的简单句合并成一个简单句 解题过程中要注意连词的选用和 主谓一致原则 除此之外 还可用 too to enough to 等把两个简单句合并成另一简单 句 如 Tom is young He can t go to school Tom is too young to go to school 五 用派生词或多义词改写 11 The snow was heavy last night It last night 答案 snowed heavily 简析 句中名词 snow 和形容词 heavy 转换成了动词 snowed 和副词 heavily 六 并列句与复合句的互换 12 If you play basketball here you may break the windows play basketball here you may break the windows 13 Go on planting trees for two more years and the hill will be covered with green trees If we go on planting trees the hill will in two 答案 12 Don t or 13 turn green years time 简析 含有祈使句的并列句 可转换为含 if 条件句的复合句 七 简单句与复合句的互换 14 Do you know how you can get the kite down from the tree Do you know get the kite down from the tree 答案 how to 简析 复合句转换为简单句一般侧重于将从句变化为短语或词组 使其句意简单明了 常见的转换方法有 1 用不定式替换 用介词短语替换 用名词短语替换 用分词短语替 换 2 将宾语从句简化为 疑问词 不定式 3 将 so that such that 引导的状语从句简化为含有 too to 或 enough to 的简单句 4 将 if 引导的状语 从句简化为 祈使句 and or 句子 八 综合转换 15 Something is wrong with that machine That machine 答案 doesn t work 简析 综合转换是在整体把握句意的基础上 对原句重新进行概括表达 它在词汇 结构等多方面都有较大的变化 至于一些特殊形式的变化 同学们在解题过程中要不断归纳总结 彻底掌握它们 下 面就请你做几道练习题一试身手吧 1 Bike is short for bicycle Bike is saying bicycle 2 It took Mary an hour to do her homework last night Mary an hour her homework last night 3 They made him work 12 hours a day He 12 hours a day 4 I am a League member He is a League member too he I League members 5 He is so young that he can t join the army He is young the army 6 The player smiled and jumped into the river The player jumped into the river 7 Mr Brown left London six years ago Mr Brown London for six years 8 The earth is bigger than the moon The moon Is the earth 9 He is one of my friends He is a friend 10 The teacher told us that we should not meet at the school gate The teacher told us at the school gate 11 I have something to tell you It s interesting I have to tell you 12 I saw them playing basketball there I saw they basketball there 13 Listen carefully and you ll become more interested listen carefully you ll become more interested 14 She has been a nurse for five years It she became a nurse 15 All are here but our English teacher isn t is here our English teacher 16 It was so interesting a film that all of us saw it twice It was interesting that all of us saw it twice 17 Mother was busy with some housework when I got home Mother was some house work when I got home 参考答案 1 another way of 2 spent on doing 3 was made to work 4 Both and are 5 too to join 6 with a