糖的中学化学双语教学(省常中-房寿高).ppt

Carbohydrates糖类 江苏省常州高级中学房寿高 Question Areallthecarbohydratessweet Thesweetsubstancebelongstocarbohydrate Starch 淀粉 cellulose seljul us 纤维素 etc arenotsweet buttheybelongtocarbohydrates andthesweetsubstancesarenotalwaysthecarbohydrates suchassaccharin 糖精 1 Whatisthecarbohydrate Acarbohydrateisanorganiccompoundthatconsistsonlyofcarbon hydrogen andoxygen usuallywithahydrogen oxygenatomratioof2 1 asinwater inotherwords withtheempiricalformulaCm H2O n Justforthisreason itiscalledcarbohydrate 碳水化合物 Someexceptionsexist forexample deoxyribose di ksi raib us 脱氧核糖 acomponentofDNA hastheempiricalformulaC5H10O4 Atthesametime acomponentofaceticacidhastheformulaC2H4O2 C2 H2O 2 butitdoesnotbelongtocarbohydrate Carbohydratesarenottechnicallyhydratesofcarbon Structurallyitismoreaccuratetoviewthemaspolyhydroxy p li haidr ksi aldehydesorketones ki t unz 多羟基醛或酮 orhydrolyzed 水解 toproducethem 2 Classificationofcarbohydrate 单糖 monosaccharide m n u s k raid Cannotbehydrolyzed C6H12O6 glucose 葡萄糖 bloodsugar ordextrose fructose 果糖 orlevulose Galactose l kt us 半乳糖 二糖 disaccharide C12H22O11 sucrose 蔗糖 tablesugar maltose m lt us 麦芽糖 lactose 乳糖 milksugar 多糖 polysaccharide p li s k raid C6H10O5 n starch 淀粉 cellulose 纤维素 3 Chemicalproperties Carbohydratescontaining CHOcanundergosilvermirrorreactions allthealdehyde 醛 葡萄糖 麦芽糖等 2 reactingwiththenew madeCu OH 2suspension Phenomena Brickreddeposit di p zit 砖红色沉淀 3 Hydrolysis hai dr lisis reaction 水解反应 ofdisaccharideandpolysaccharide Sucrose glucose fructose maltose starch Question Howtotestifythestarchhydrolysisproductcontainingglucose Hot waterbath starch