陕西省延长县中学高中英语 Module 4 Great Scientists-Period 3导学案 外研版必修4

用心 爱心 专心1 陕西省延长县中学高一英语导学案 陕西省延长县中学高一英语导学案 ModuleModule 4 4 GreatGreat Scientists PeriodScientists Period 3 3 外研版必修 外研版必修 4 4 学习目标 扎实掌握被动语态的用法 提高具体语境中灵活运用的能力 学习难点 学习被动语态的用法 概述 1 语态是动词的一种形式 用来说明主语和谓语的关系 英语的动词可分为主动语态 active voice 和被动语态 passive voice 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 主动语态和被动语态可以相互转化 She typed a letter 主动 主语 She 是 type 动作的执行者 A letter was typed by her 被动 主语 A letter 是 typed 动作的承受者 Granny takes care of the girl 主动 主语 Granny 是 take care of 动作的执行者 The girl is taken care of by Granny 被动 主语 The girl 是 take care of 动作的承受者 2 被动语态的使用范围 1 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者 或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时 这时不用 by 短语 This jacket is made of cotton 这件上衣是棉料的 English is spoken in Canada 加拿大讲英语 2 为了强调动作的承受者时 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits 要求参观者不可触摸展品 The store is run by the trade union 这家店是工会办的 The song was composed by a student 这首歌是一个学生谱写的 3 出于策略 委婉 礼貌等不提出动作的执行者 You are said to be active recently 据说你最近很活跃 The plan was generally considered not practical 普遍认为这个计划不实用 It s said that he would come back soon 据说他很快就会来 常用于如下短语 It s not known that 不得而知 It s said that 据说 It s reported that 据报道 It s not decided that 尚未决定 It s believed that 据认为 It s announced that 据宣布 3 应用时态 时态动词形式 用心 爱心 专心2 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去将来时 4 注意事项 情态动词的被动形式 不定式的被动语态 有些情况则由主动表被动 短语动词的 被动语态 有的被动形式则表示状态而非被动之意 过去分词作状语时 及物动词表被动 无需 be 动词 不及物动词表完成 动名词的被动语态 Complete the following sentences 1 English 广泛应用 all over the world 2 The criminal 被捕 last month and sentenced into prison for 3 years 3 We can t drive across the river A bridge 在修建 over it now 4 When I called him yesterday a meeting 开 so he didn t answer 5 As everyone knows the 29th Olympic Games 举办 by Beijing in the year 2008 6 They set off early in the morning and most of the journey 完成 by 4 p m 7 Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture but when and where 未定 yet 8 At the end of the meeting it was announced that an agreement 达成 9 Water 可用来发电 10 With so much work 去做 he has no time to go for a holiday 11 The maths problem is hard 解出 in five minutes 12 The boss has lots of letters 打印 because of his busy business 13 Time 一定得充分利用 14 Though over 70 percent of the surface of the earth 覆盖 with water we have no enough fresh water to drink 15 看 from the moon our earth appears as a blue ball 16 The truck was stopped by a big 倒下 tree just on the road 17 No one likes 受到讥笑 in public 18 I heard him sing a song just now 变为被动 19 We saw him sitting there without doing anything 变为被动 用心 爱心 专心3 反思 1 如何应用主动还是被动语态 2 有几种情况用主动形式或表被动意义 参考答案 2 1 促进小麦生长 The date of the meeting has been advanced from Friday to Tuesday 预付某人一些钱 向敌人进攻 取得很大进展 贷款给某人 an advanced worker advanced English 优点 disadvantage gain have win an advantage over have the advantage of take advantage of sb take advantage of sth to sb s advantage 2 keep the lig