高考英语 Unit 1　A land of diversity要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版选修8

1 选修选修 8 8 UnitUnit 1 1 A A landland ofof diversitydiversity 要 点 梳 理 高效梳理 知识备考 重点单词 1 distinct adj 清晰的 明显的 明确的 distinction n 差别 区分 卓著 2 means n 手段 方法 3 majority n 大多数 大半 minority n 少数 4 despite prep 尽管 不管 5 elect vt 选择 决定做某事 选举某人 election n 选举 6 percentage n 百分比 百分率 7 boom n 人口 贸易的 繁荣 vi 处于经济迅速发展时期 8 applicant n 申请人 apply v 申请 application n 申请 9 customs n 海关 关税 进口税 10 occur vi 发生 出现 11 indicate vt 指出 标示 表明 暗示 indication n 迹象 indicator n 指示器 指示物 12 luggage n 行李 13 apparent adj 显而易见的 显然的 表面上的 apparently adv 明显地 14 slip vi 滑动 滑行 滑跤 n 滑动 滑倒 15 hire vt teachers should listen more to their students then they can meet their needs better and place themselves in a good relationship with their students students should listen more to their classmates thus they will help and learn from each other and a friendship is likely to be formed What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile be open minded to different opinions even though you don t like them In a word good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other Thank you for your listening 考 点 探 究 互动探究 能力备考 词汇短语过关 1 means n 方法 手段 by all means 务必 一定 当然可以 by any means 无论如何 by no means 决不 用于句首时引起部分倒装 by this these means 用这种 这些办法 by means of 依靠 方法 借助 手段 即学即练 1 1 Taking a plane is getting there 去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机 2 All possible means been tried Every possible means been tried 5 所有 每一种 可能的办法都已经试过了 the quickest means of have has 3 This plan must be realized 这个计划必须完成 4 Thoughts are expressed words 思想靠语言来表达 5 By no means left alone 绝不能把他单独留下 by all means by means of should he be 提示 1 means 表示 方法 方式 手段 其单复数同形 当 means 做主语且有 every each 等词修饰时 谓语动词用单数 有 some several many few all 等词修饰时 谓语动词用复数 2 by this means 强调的是 有条理的办事方法 in this way 强调的是 用简便的方法 in 有时候可以省略 with this method 强调的是 用已形成 的系统的 理论的方法 2 majority n 大多数 大半 the majority 大多数 其做主语表整体时 谓语用单数 若表成员情况时 谓语用复数 the majority of n U 单数谓语 the majority of n pl 复数谓语 be in the majority 占大多数 by with a majority of 以大多数 赢得 即学即练 2 1 were present at the meeting 大多数人出席了会议 2 the people seem to prefer watching games to playing games 6 大部分人似乎喜欢观看比赛胜于参加比赛 The majority The majority of 3 He was elected by 765 他以 765 票的多数票当选 a large majority of 3 occur vi 发生 出现 occurred occurring occurrence n 发生 出现 sth occurs to sb sth strikes sb sth comes to sb It occurs to sb to do sth It occurs to sb that clause It strikes sb that clause 某人想起 想到 即学即练 3 1 The same theme in many of his works 同一个主题在他的许多作品中都有 2 The accident at five o clock 事故发生在五点钟 3 An idea me 我想到一个主意 4 to ask for help 她没想到请别人帮忙 occurs occurred occurred to It didn t occur to her 7 5 she would refuse his invitation 他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请 It didn t occur to him that 4 indicate vt 指出 标示 表明 暗示 indication n 指示 象征 预示 indicate sth to sb 向某人指出 暗示某物 indicate that 示意 表明 indication of doing sth 的迹象 即学即练 4 1 Research that men are easier to give up smoking than women 研究表明 男人比女人更容易戒烟 2 A high fever usually severe illness 高烧通常表明生了重病 indicates indicates 3 Snow the coming of winter 雪象征着冬天的来到 indicates 5 make a life 习惯于新的生活方式 工作等 谋生 come to life 变得活跃起来 bring sb sth to life 使某物更生动 使某人 某物苏醒 lay down one s life for sb sth 为 牺牲生命 献身 lead live a life 过着 的生活 make earn a living 谋生 即学即练 5 1 They emigrated to Australia to 8 他们移民到澳大利亚 开始全新的生活 2 Her songs our history again 她的歌曲又一次重现了我们的历史 make a new life there bring to life 3 Joanne as a dancer in a nightclub 乔安妮在夜总会当舞女 以此谋生 4 The match finally in the second half 比赛在下半场终于精彩起来 5 They were prepared to for their country 他们准备为国捐躯 earns a living came to life lay down their lives 6 keep up 保持 维持 使不下降 继续 keep up with 赶上 不落后 keep out of 不准入内 keep off 离开 避开 keep back 阻止 扣留 keep on 继续 即学即练 6 1 We sang as we marched to 我们一面行进一面唱歌以保持高昂的情绪 2 We should 我们应该沿袭我们的优良传统 keep our spirits up keep up our good traditions 3 The shortage of supplies is 供应不足使价格保持紧挺 9 4 I don t think I can any longer 我认为这事我再也坚持不下去了 5 Dave couldn t the rest of his class 戴夫跟不上班里的其他同学 keeping the price up keep this up keep up with 6 the grass 勿踏草坪 7 She was unable to her tears 她无法忍受眼泪 Keep off keep back 7 take in 欺骗 留 住宿 理解 领悟 吸入 改小 衣服 包括 包含 即学即练 7 写出下列句中 take in 的意思 1 There she was taken in by an aged couple 收留 2 Don t let yourself be taken in by his tricks 3 The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught 欺骗 领悟 4 The dress was too big so I took it in 10 5 The tour takes in six European capitals 改小 衣服 包括 拓展 take away 拿走 使离开 消除 病痛等 take down 记下来 拆掉 take for 错 当做 误 以为 take off 起飞 匆匆离去 脱下 take on 呈现 雇用 take over 接收 接管 取代 take to 喜欢 养成 的习惯 take up 占去 占据 开始 从事 8 a good great many 许多 很多 a good great many many a great number of n pl a great many of them us 代词 the these those n pl many a 单数可数名词 单数谓语动词 即学即练 8 1 Tom found that there were people already there 汤姆发现那儿已经有很多人了 2 It seems that them are out of work now 似乎他们中的许多人现在失业了 a great good many a great good many of 3 Many a student this song 很多学生喜欢这首歌 11 likes 重点句型详解 1 However it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago 然而 美洲土著人有可能在至少 15 000 年前就在加州生活着 本句式中 it 为形式主语 真正的主语为 that 从句 It is likely that 是可能的 此句型可转化为 Sb Sth be likely to do 某人 物可能干某事 She s very likely to ring me tonight It s likely that she will ring me tonight 她今晚很可能给我打电话 It s likely that it will snow tonight It is likely to snow tonight 今天晚上可能下雪 即境活用 1 Ronaldo was to win the 100 meter hurdle race but he fell to the ground and missed the chance A possible B probable C likely D maybe 答案 C 解析 当 possible 或 probable 做表语时 主语只能是事物或代词 it 而 likely 做表语时 主语可以是人 也可以是物 maybe 是副词 只能做状语 不能做表语 2 It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups but simply a mixture of many races and cultures 过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体 而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体 本句用的句型是 It is believed that clause it 是形式主语 真正的主语是后面的 that clause 12 类似的结构还有 It be said known agreed thought supposed reported that clause 此句型可转化成 1 People say know agree think suppose report that clause 2 Sb Sth be said known agreed thought supposed reported to do It is believed that Mr Smith is innocent Mr Smith is believed to be innocent 人们认为史密斯先生是无辜的 It is believed that Professor Johnson has finished his second novel Professor Johnson is believed to have finished his second novel 人们相信约翰逊教授已完成了他的第二部小说 即境活用 2 The lake by the village is believed a number of victims in the past 3 years A to claim B to have claimed C claiming D being claiming 答案 B 解析 句意为 人们相信村子旁边的湖泊在过去的三年里已要了许多人的命 在这种形式中 believe 后面不能跟 v ing 形式 由 in the past 3 years 可知 事情是已发生的 因此 需用不定式的完成式与之相对应 易 错 点 拨 自我完善 误区备考 1 means manner method approach way 1 means 表示 方法 手段 工具 财产 与 of 搭配 2 manner 表示 方式 方法 指个人喜欢采用的方式 与 of 搭配 3 method 指做某事的具体步骤或程序 也指系统的 抽象概念的原理 与 of 搭配 4 way 是最通用的词 也是最不正式的词 本义是 通路 引申作 方式 方法 讲 含义很广 与 of 或动词不定式搭配 5 approach 也有 方法 步骤 途径 的意思 它侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式 与 toward 或 to 搭配 13 应用 1 1 This book provides a good to psychology 本书提供研究心理学的良好门径 2 The of their meeting makes a good story 他们相见的方式似乎有些传奇色彩 Approach manner 3 The quickest of travel is by plane 最快的旅行方式是乘飞机 4 In this over several days the artist and his mouse became friends 就这样过了几天 这位艺术家和他的老鼠成了好朋友 5 He is a man of 他是个有条理的人 means way method 2 occur happen take place 1 occur 用法较正式 指偶然发生的或未按计划发生的事情 可用于具体的或抽象的事物 2 happen 发生 巧遇 含义广泛 指具体客观事物的发生 尤指偶然事件的发生 后可接不定式 也可接介词 to 常用在 It happens happened that 结构中 3 take place 发生 举行 主要用来指预先计划好的事情 应用 2 1 It that they were all there 正好他们都在那儿 2 Great changes have in our school 我们学校发生了巨大的变化 3 The May 4th Movement in 1919 五四运动发生在 1919 年 happened taken place 14 occurred 4 The conference in the Great Hall of the People 会议在人民大会堂举行 5 I to meet her in the street yesterday 我昨天碰巧在街上遇到她 took place happened 3 hire employ 1 hire 一般指短期的 雇用 它侧重指为工资 wage 而工作 2 employ 指 公司 商店 等的长期 雇用 或指相对固定的工作 它侧重于服务方面 应用 3 1 The firm more than 100 people 这家公司雇用 100 多名职工 2 He a man to look after his garden 他雇了一个人来照料他的花园 employs hired 高 效 作 业 自我测评 技能备考 单词拼写 1 The Taiwan S separates Taiwan Island from the mainland 2 Only a few of them thought highly of the plan The m were against it 3 Now in China an increasing p of the population have their own cars 4 There were 1 200 a for the job StraitStrait majoritymajority percentagepercentage 15 applicantsapplicants 5 My father h three men to help him with the harvest last summer 6 He has twenty 牛 on his farm 7 He has six pieces of 行李 8 显然 he has lost interest in physics 9 Now and then some 海鸥 came into sight 10 The government announced addition rules on 移民 hiredhired cattlecattle luggageluggage ApparentlyApparently seagullsseagulls immigrationimmigration 单项选择 1 Do you think we should put an ad in the paper for the lost child Yes A that s all right B by all means C it just depends D never mind 答案 B 解析 由 Yes 可知表示同意 选 by all means 务必 一定 当然可以 A D 项表示 没关系 C 项 看情况而定 2 What is boy s favorite sport of boys like playing football A None B The most C The majority D Every 答案 C 解析 the majority of boys most boys most of the boys 大多数男孩子 none 不符合题意 every 不能接 of 短语 16 3 2007 年辽宁 Don t be by products promising to make you lose weight quickly A taken off B taken out C taken away D taken in 答案 D 解析 A 起飞 脱掉 事业 腾飞 B 拿出 C 带走 D 欺骗 由句意可知 D 项正确 4 To travel to the United States you must first apply the American Embassy your visa A for to B to for C for for D to to 答案 B 解析 考查 apply 短语的用法 apply to sb for sth 向某人申请某物 句意为 要去美国旅行 你要首先向美国大使馆申请签证 5 The agreement indicates that the two companies will with each other again A team up B turn up C look up D pick up 答案 A 解析 考查动词短语辨析 A 项表示 与 合作 符合句意 B 项表示 出现 到达 C 项表示 向上看 查寻 D 项表示 捡起 接收 均不合题意 6 It is very that in many schools the students are going to spend less time in doing homework than they used to A possibly B probably C lovely D likely 答案 D 解析 句意为 在很多学校学生做作业的时间可能将比原来少 用 it is likely that 句型 其他三个词不用于这个结构 7 She managed to climb out of the car unhurt A apparently B occasionally C freely D peacefully 答案 A 17 解析 考查副词 A 看起来 显然 B 偶尔 C 无拘无束地 D peacefully 和平地 由题意 选 A 8 2010 黄冈中学 Sunny day isn t it Let s hope the sunny weather for Saturday s tennis match A carries on B moves on C keeps up D goes up 答案 C 解析 考查动词短语的辨析 keep up 保持 继续 符合语意 希望好天气保持到星期六的网球比赛 carry on 继承 move on 继续进行 go up 上升 增 长 9 2010 临川一中 If you don t the advice of your teachers you ll regret it sooner or later A regard B enjoy C value D think 答案 C 解析 考查动词辨析 如果你不重视老师的建议 迟早会后悔的 用 value 表示 重视 其他动词的含义不符合语意 10 the students in our school go to college in their teens A A good many B A great many of C A great deal of D A great deal 答案 B 解析 a good many students 许多学生 a great deal of 修饰不可数名词 11 It suddenly to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter A happened B occurred C thought D took place 答案 B 解析 句意为 那个侦探突然想到那个百万富翁可能是被自己女儿杀死的 It occurred to sb that 某人想到 12 Many streets in this city have been for cultural protection 18 A stretched out B marked out C left out D stood out 答案 B 解析 mark out 标志 记出来 stretch out 伸出 leave out 丢 漏 stand out 脱颖而出 显眼 13 The restlessness of animals a possible occurrence of an earthquake A expressed B impressed C indicated D interpreted 答案 C 解析 indicate 预示 暗示 句意为 动物们不休息预示可能发生地震 14 He is supposed to the meeting but he didn t A to come B to have come C coming D having come 答案 B 解析 考查 sb sth is supposed to do 结构 且句中表示 本该到而未到 故用 to have come 15 sometimes keeps her awake at night Tom is getting more and more quiet at home A That which B It that C Whether what D What that 答案 B 解析 考查名词性从句 句中 it 是形式主语 真正的主语为 that 从句 阅读理解 A Beijing Oct 15 China is going green In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages carmakers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles 混合燃料汽车 for the Chinese market The first China made Toyota s hybrid car Prius hit the road last week Let s have a look at the new car 19 Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power Hybrid cars use an electric motor withrechargeable batteries 充电电池 and a gasoline engine A hybrid car has a smaller than traditional gasoline engine and an electric motor The gasoline engine provides 99 per cent of the power when the car is cruising 匀速行车 The electric motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration 加速度 is needed Step into a Prius and turn on the power The first thing you notice is that it is quieter than a traditional car At this point the car s gasoline engine is dormant The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24km h If you stay at low speed you are effectively driving an electric car with no gasoline being used and no exhaust gas given off An onboard computer decides when to use the gasoline engine when to go electric and when to use a combination of the two If you go over 24km h when you step on the gas pedal 油门 you are telling the computer how fast you want to go The electric motor recharges automatically 自动地 when braking And when driving at certain speeds the gasoline engine not only powers the car but also recharges the batteries When you use the brake the electric motor acts like a generator 发电机 to produce electricity to recharge the batteries Batteries will last for around 200 000 miles 1 When the hybrid car is cruising A only the gasoline engine provides power B only the electric motor provides power C there is no need to provide power D both the gasoline engine and the electric motor provide power 答案及解析 1 D 考查细节理解 从第四段可知 20 2 The underlined word dormant means A inactive B out of order C working D non stop 答案及解析 2 A 考查词义猜测 从该词的前后两句话可知 3 Which of the following statements is false according to the text A The hybrid car is friendly environmental B The hybrid car is able to get itself charged C The hybrid car has been made in mass D The hybrid car can decide which power to use 答案及解析 3 C 考查正误判断 只说这种新型车上路了 但大量生产并没提到 4 The best title of the text is A Two Powered Cars B Greener Motors for China C Cars of Saving Oil D Safer Motors at Present 答案及解析 4 B 考查主题理解 文章第一段是全文的中心 后面各段只是起补充说明的作用 因此 B 项最佳 B The story goes that some time ago a man punished his 3 year old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping paper Money was tight and he became infuriated 愤怒的 when the child tried to decorate a box to put under the Christmas tree Nevertheless the little girl brought the gift to her father the next morning and said This is for you Daddy The man was embarrassed by his earlier overreaction but his anger flared again when he found out the box was empty He yelled at her stating Don t 21 you know when you give someone a present there is supp