高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析议论文3

1 20112011 届高考英语二轮专题复习学案 届高考英语二轮专题复习学案 专题二专题二 完形填空之议论文 完形填空之议论文 3 3 新课标 新课标 三 议论文 体裁诠释 议论文是高考完形填空中较难的文章 议论文由三个要素组成 论点 论据 论证 有 着较强的说教目的和一定的语言深度 议论文完形填空的特点 结构清晰 脉络有序 有些议论型完形填空的首句常常是文章的主旨句 作者一般在文章的首段提出论点 然后在各段的首句提出分论点 还有些议论文先叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象 然后根据事情或 现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点 然后再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点 此外 也有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象 而不表明自己的观点 然 后通过对具体现象的分析 自然得出一种结论 这种结论往往就是作者的论点 抓住论点是理解议论文的关键所在 可以从以下几个角度寻找或概括中心论点 分析论点所在的位置 题目 有的文章题 目本身就是中心论点 开头 有的文章在开头直接提出中心论点 然后逐层论述 中 间 有的文章在论述过程中提出中心论点 这种情况较少 结尾 有的文章通过论述 在文章结尾处归纳出全文的中心论点 论据是论点赖以存在的根据 一般分为事实论据和道理论据 阅读议论文 要学会分析 论点与论据的关系 论据在证明论点时所起的作用 事实论据 应该分析作者所提供的事 实 从事实中发现道理 再验证它与作者的论点的逻辑关系 道理论据 应该从道理论据 出发联系和道理对应的事实 来验证这些道理如何证明论点 要做好高考完形填空中的议论文 最主要的是要抓住作者议论的中心 也就是要理清文 章的论点 论据和论证 典例探究 2010 广东卷 Every country has its own culture Even though each country uses doors doors may have 21 functions and purposes which lead to 22 differences When I first came to America I noticed that a public building had two different 23 and they had distinct functions You have to push the door with the word PUSH to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word PULL to 24 the building This was new to me because we use the 25 door in South Korea For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed The way of using school bus doors was also 26 to me I used to take the school bus to classes The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors 27 who were getting off the bus should get off first and students who were getting on should get on 28 In South Korea we do not need to wait for people to get off One morning I hurried to the bus and when the bus doors opened I 29 tried to get on the school bus through the front door All the students around looked at me I was totally 2 30 and my face went red 21 A different B important C practical D unusual 22 A national B embarrassing C cultural D amazing 23 A exits B entrances C signs D doors 24 A enter B leave C open D close 25 A main B same C front D back 26 A annoying B hard C satisfying D strange 27 A parents B students C teachers D drivers 28 A sooner B later C faster D earlier 29 A politely B patiently C unconsciously D slowly 30 A embarrassed B annoyed C unsatisfied D excited 答案解析 21 解析 选 A 考查形容词 从下文的 distinct functions 可知是不同功能 A 不 同的 B 重要的 C 实践的 D 不寻常的 22 解析 选 C 考查形容词 从开头总括句 Every country has its own culture 和下文举例两个门功能不同可以看出 A 国家的 B 尴尬的 C 文化的 D 惊奇 的 23 解析 选 C 考查名词 从上下文的 the word PUSH the word PULL 和 two different 可知选 C A 出口 B 入口 C 标志 D 门 24 解析 选 A 考查动词 从上下文 push the door with the word PUSH to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word PULL to 24 the building 相对的动作可知此处意为进入 A 进入 B 离开 C 打开 D 关闭 25 解析 选 B 考查形容词 由上文 When I first came to America I noticed 有 两个门 This was new to me 可暗示出我们在韩国用同一个门 故选 B 项 26 解析 选 D 考查形容词 由上文第三段知 This was new to me The way was also 26 to me 可知这种方式也是奇怪的 A 讨厌的 B 畏难的 C 满意的 D 陌生的 27 解析 选 B 考查名词 由下文的并列句 students who were getting on 可 知 A 父母 B 学生 C 老师 D 司机 28 解析 选 B 考查形容词比较级 从上文并列句 who were getting off the bus should get off first who were getting on should get on 28 可知此处与 first 相对 故选 B 项 A 很快 B 较晚 C 更快 D 较早 29 解析 选 C 考查副词 从上文 In South Korea we do not need to wait for people to get off 所以作者已经形成了习惯 已经是无意识地做了 A 礼貌地 B 耐心地 C 无意识地 D 慢慢地 30 解析 选 A 考查形容词 从上文 For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed 和 I was totally 30 and my face went red A 项 尴尬的 B 项 恼怒的 C 项 不满意的 D 项 兴奋的 跟踪演练 1 2011 江苏省无锡市高三期中 People do not analyze every problem they meet Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 36 problem They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people Other times they begin to act without 37 3 they try to find a solution by trial and error However when all of these methods 38 the person with a problem has to start analyzing There are six 39 in analyzing a problem First the person must recognize that there is a problem For example Sam s bicycle is broken and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does Sam must 40 that there is a problem with his bicycle Next the person must 41 the problem Before Sam can repair his bicycle he must know why it does not work For example he must 42 the parts that are wrong Now the person must look for 43 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 44 solutions For example suppose Sam 45 that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes At this time he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes talk to his friends at the bike shop or look at his brakes carefully After 46 the problem the person should have 47 suggestions for a possible solution Take Sam as an example 48 his suggestions might be tighten or loosen the brakes buy new brakes and change the old ones In the end one 49 seems to be the solution 50 the problem Sometimes the 51 idea comes quite 52 because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a 53 way Sam for example suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum stuck to a brake He immediately hits on the solution to his problem he must 54 the brake Finally the solution is 55 Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly In short he has solved the problem 36 A serious B usual C similar D common 37 A practising B thinking C understanding D helping 38 A fail B work C change D develop 39 A ways B conditions C stages D orders 40 A explain B prove C show D see 41 A judge B find C describe D face 42 A check B determine C correct D recover 43 A answers B skills C explanation D information 44 A possible B exact C real D special 45 A hopes B argues C decides D suggests 46 A discussing B settling down C comparing with D studying 47 A exact B enough C several D countless 48 A once B again C also D alone 49 A suggestion B conclusion C decision D discovery 50 A with B into C for D to 51 A next B clear C final D new 52 A unexpectedly B late C clearly D often 53 A simple B different C quick D sudden 54 A clean B separate C loosen D remove 4 55 A recorded B completed C tested D accepted 2 2010 甘肃省天水一中三模 A high school history teacher once told us If you make one close friend in school you will be most fortunate A 21 friend is someone who stays with you for life 22 teaches that he was right Good friendship is just not easily 23 It is possible that we simply do not stay in one place 24 enough for true friendship to develop However there can be 25 disagreement on the need for each of us to think carefully about the kind of friendship we want To most of us friendships are considered very important 26 we need to have it clear in our minds the kinds of friendship we want Are they to be close or 27 at arm s length Do we want to 28 ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface For some people many friendships on the surface are 29 enough And that s all right But at some 30 we need to make sure that our expectations are the same as our friends expectations The sharing of personal experience including our tears as well as our dark 31 is the surest way to deepen friendships But it must 32 slowly and carried on only if there are 33 of interest and action in return What are some of the 34 of our friendship The greatest is to 35 too much too soon Deep relationships 36 time Another major difficulty is the selfishness to think one possesses the other including his time and attention 37 friendships require actions in return In other words you must 38 as much as you take Finally there is a question of taking care of Unless you spend 39 time together talking on the phone writing letters doing things together friendships will die 40 21 A true B fair weather C school D useful 22 A Knowledge B Experience C Hardship D Schooling 23 A understood B formed C realized D produced 24 A certain B patiently C long D fortunately 25 A some B any C great D no 26 A but B and C or D while 27 A remained B left C kept D stayed 28 A hide B deepen C strengthen D share 29 A quite B not C less D very 30 A degree B point C places D length 31 A clothes B clouds C dreams D letters 32 A be undertaking B have been undertaking C have been undertaken D be undertaken 5 33 A marks B signs C sciences D sights 34 A disadvantages B differences C difficulties D requirements 35 A expect B pull out command D develop 36 A waste B spend C kill D take 37 A Similarly B Differently C Strangely D Surprisingly 38 A give B possess C act D walk 39 A considerate B wonderful C reasonable D comfortable 40 A down B away C out D off 3 Happiness is what everyone looks for 1 someone says that he is happy However 2 makes him happy may not work for others And even 3 someone may spend all his life looking for happiness but in vain In the past I tried my best to make myself happy I thought if I could 4 get and do what I wanted to I would be happy Certainly it was 5 but I was disappointed Though I could be happy at 6 I couldn t keep my happiness for a long time Why One day when I told a friend of mine what I 7 about happiness he smiled and said only a few words Happiness is not a 8 thing but a by product 副产品 I was surprised but he was really 9 Someone thinks money can 10 everything but when he becomes a millionaire after his hard work perhaps he will find that he has new 11 And he has to go to church for 12 Sometimes love can bring happiness but at other times it 13 misunderstanding tiredness and even quarrelling Happiness is only a by product of all 14 of things you love to do You can not 15 it in a straight way That is it is not a thing 16 in the material form but in your senses You should tell yourself I do not 17 whether I am happy or not But I must love 18 And one day you will 19 find happiness itself has quietly 20 1 A Maybe B Once C Then D And 2 A who B what C it D this 3 A more B now C worse D so 4 A often B really C hardly D frequently 5 A important B necessary C unnecessary D possible 6 A present B all C times D last 6 7 A did B thought C learned D discovered 8 A single B simple C common D strange 9 A lying B stupid C right D foolish 10 A get B make C produce D bring 11 A wishes B demands C worries D business 12 A help B God C comfort D rest 13 A suggests B happens C seems D causes 14 A fields B types C kinds D forms 15 A have B grasp C search D discover 16 A floating B existing C coming D surrounding 17 A mind B know C ask D wonder 18 A life B family C happiness D health 19 A hardly B suddenly C never D often 20 A disappeared B missed C lost D arrived 4 If you were to begin a new job tomorrow you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses Success or 1 in your work would depend to 2 great extent 3 your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage 4 the utmost importance is your attitude A person 5 begins a job convinced that he isn t going to like it or is 6 that he is going to fail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success On the other hand a person who is secure 7 his belief that he is probably as capable 8 doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt 9 it possesses a certain strength of purpose The chances are that he will do well 10 the prerequisite 必须的 skills for a particular job is strength Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness A bookkeeper who can t add or a carpenter who can t cut a straight line with a saw 11 hopeless cases This book has been designed to help you capitalize 12 the strength and overcome the 13 that you bring to the job of learning But in groups to measure your development you must first 14 stock of somewhere you stand now 15 we get further along in the book we ll be 16 in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 17 skills However 18 begin with you should pause 19 examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school your 20 your reading and communication skills and your study habits 1 A improvement B victory C failure D achievement 2 A a B the C some D certain 3 A in B on C of D to 4 A Out of B Of C To D Into 7 5 A who B what C that D which 6 A ensure B certain C sure D surely 7 A onto B on C off D in 8 A to B at C of D for 9 A near B on C by D at 10 A Have B Had C Having D Had been 11 A being B been C are D is 12 A except B but C for D on 13 A idea B weakness C strength D advantage 14 A make B take C do D give 15 A As B Till C Over D Out 16 A deal B dealt C be dealt D dealing 17 A learnt B learned C learning D learn 18 A around B to C from D beside 19 A to B onto C into D with 20 A intelligence B work C attitude D weakness 5 The position of children in American family and society is no longer what it used to be The 1 family in colonial 殖民时期的 North America was mainly concerned with survival and 2 that its own economic prosperity Thus children were 3 in terms of their productivity 生产能力 and they played the role of producer quite early 4 they fulfilled this role their position in the family was one of subordination 附属 With the 5 of the society the position of children in the family and in the society became more important In the complex and technological society 6 the United States has become each 7 must fulfill a number of personal and occupational 8 and be in contact with many other members 9 viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are 10 more as people in their own right than as those of subordination This acceptance of children as 11 participants in the family is reflected in various laws 12 the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs This new 13 of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also 14 an increasing interest in child raising techniques People today spend much time 15 the proper way to 16 children Nowadays the socialization of the child in the United States is a 17 transaction 事务 between parent and child 18 a one way parent to child training 19 As a consequence socializing children and 20 with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure satisfaction and problems 1 A poor B ordinaryC happy D wealthy 2 A except B for C beyond D through 3 A supported B received C encouraged D valued 8 4 A Until B After C Although D When 5 A movementB achievement C development D requirement 6 A that B where C when D what 7 A parent B member C family D relative 8 A purposes B promises C roles D tasks 9 A Besides B However C Instead D Therefore 10 A admired B regarded C made D respected 11 A willing B equal C similar D common 12 A enjoying B preventing C considering D protecting 13 A view B faith C world D study 14 A led in B brought in C resulted in D taken in 15 A seeking B making C fighting D working 16 A nurse B praise C understand D raise 17 A one sided B many sided C round way D two way 18 A more than B rather than C better than D less than 19 A manner B method C program D guide 20 A talking B living C playing D discussing 6 2010 湖北省武汉八中二模 People think children should play sports Sports are fun and children keep 31 while playing with others However playing sports can have 32 effects on children It may 33 feeling of poor self respect or aggressive behavior in some children According to research on kids and sports 40 000 000 kids play sports in the US Of these 18 000 000 say they have been 34 at or called names while playing sports This leaves many children with a bad 35 of sports They think sports are just too aggressive Many researchers believe adults especially parents and coaches are the main 36 of too much aggression in children s sports They believe children 37 aggressive adult behavior This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually 38 them Often these adults behave aggressively themselves 39 children the message that 40 is everything Many parents go to children s sporting events and 41 insults 侮辱 at other players or cheer when their child behaves 42 As well children are even taught that hurting other players is 43 or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured 44 the media makes violence seem exciting Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television 9 As a society we really need to 45 this problem and do something about it Parents and coaches 46 should act as better examples for children They also 47 to teach children better 48 They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively They should teach children to 49 themselves whether they win or not Besides children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured If adults allow children to play when injured this gives the message that 50 is not as important as winning 31 A calm B healthy C curious D caring 32 A positive B negative C activeD instructive 33 A undertake B ignoreC produceD hurt 34 A knockedB glancedC smiledD shouted 35 A impressionB conceptC tasteD expectation 36 A resource B causeC courseD consequence 37 A question B understandC copy D learn 38 A look down upon B look through C look up to D look away 39 A leaving B recommendingC reflecting D sending 40 A winningB practisingC funD sport 41 A call B curseC screamD shout 42 A proudlyB ambitiouslyC aggressively D bravely 43 A acceptableB impolite C possible D accessible 44 A By contrastB In additionC As a resultD After all 45 A keep up with B face up toC make up forD come up with 46 A in particularB in allC in returnD in advance 47 A intend B demandC need D wish 48 A techniquesB meansC valuesD directions 49 A respectB relaxC forgiveD enjoy 50 A body B fame C healthD spirit 7 2011 河北省正定中学高三第二次考试 Are you too stupid to do anything right These words said by a woman to a little boy who was obviously her son were spoken 21 he had walked away from her They boy returned his eyes down cast Not a 22 moment perhaps 23 small moments sometimes last a very long time And a few words though they mean 24 at the time to the people who say them can have great 25 I recently heard a story from a man named Malcolm Dalkoff For the last 24 years he has been a profes