高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解九月编习题23.doc

江苏丹阳市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解九月编习题阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Every year 2.2 million tons of oil are spilled ( 散落，溅出 ) into the ocean. Actually, this only amounts to a small percentage of the total 1.6 billion tons of oil shipped around the world each year.However, this spilled oil has terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the off washes up onto shore. Some of the largest spills in history were caused by oil tankers running into each other or by an oil tanker sailing into shallow water and hitting the bottom of the ocean. After these spills, officials try to discover who or what was at fault to help prevent similar accidents in the future.One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989. In this accident, 42,000 tons of oil spilled from a tanker which resulted in terrible damage to this sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tankers captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to the third mate. The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto Blighe Reef. Blighe Reef is a natural underwater rock wall near the Alaskan coast. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 otters died when the oil from the spill covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals.The most oil ever spilled was actually dumped on purpose as an act of ecological warfare. The term ecological warfare means to fight by doing harm to nature in the area under attack. In 1990, Iraq sent soldiers into Kuwait and set off the Persian Gulf War. As part of the Iraq war plan,900,000 tons of oil were let out into the Persian Gulf Way Iraq. This oil covered 1,500 square kilometers of water in the Persian Gulf. The oil also damaged 650 kilometers of the coastline of both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In some places, oil floating on the water was measured to be 43 centimeters thick. Water birds, water plants, and baby fish were all seriously affected by the oil. The long-term effects of this act on the food chain in the area are bound to cause problems tar into the future.1. Which cause of oil spills is described in the second paragraph?A. Dumping B. WarC.Accidents D.Throwing about carelessly2. The creatures affected by the oil spill near Alaska were_.A. birds and otters B. shellfishC. seals and whales D. all of the above3. The third mate ran the thanker agound (触礁) in this accident because_.A. he was tired B. he was drunkC.he was talking on the phone D.he did not know the sea4. _ was responsible for dumping oil into the Persian Gulf.A.The United States B. Kuwait C .Saudi Arabia D. Iraq1、答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节理解题。从第二段的前半部分可知，由于油轮的船长过度工作并且喝醉，将船交给了船上的另外一名对船的航线不熟悉的人，从而导致了触礁事件。故选C。2、答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。从第二段最后两句话 “Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 otters died when the oil from the spill covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals.”可知，答案为D。3、答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节理解题。从第二段 “The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto Blighe Reef.”可知，导致触礁事件的原因是驾驶油轮的人不知道航线，与D选项意思符合。4、答案解析： 答案为D。本题为细节题。从最后一段第三句话 “In 1990, Iraq sent soldiers into Kuwait and set off the Persian Gulf War.”可知，对波斯湾倾油事件负责的是伊拉克。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语考试大纲调研卷二模试题】Bees add an estimated eighteen billion dollars a year to the value of American crops. They pollinate (授粉)flowers that become fruits, nuts and vegetables. But, in recent years, honeybee colonies in the United States and Europe have been shrinking. Scientists have proposed different theories to explain what is known as colony collapse disorder.New research suggests that a commonly used group of insecticide (杀虫剂)could cause bees to have a hard time finding their way back to their hive. The new research looks at the use of pesticides called neonicotinoids. They were first used in the 1990s. They are now put on the seeds of many major crops around the world. The seedlings absorb the chemical as they grow. That means farmers do not need to spray a whole field. Instead there is a little bit of insecticide inside each plant including the pollen (花粉)and the nectar(花蜜)that the bees want. There is not enough pesticide to kill them. But the new research in the journal Science says it may harm them anyway.Researchers stuck microchips to the backs of the bees. These chips recorded the bees movements as they came and went from their hive. The scientists fed some bees sugar water with a low dose of a neonicotinoid. The study found that these bees were about twice as likely not to return as other bees.Dave Goulson at the University of Sterling in Britain worked on another study published in Science. He says the pesticides could help explain why bumblebee populations are also decreasing.Bayer CropScience makes neonicotinoid pesticides. The companys spokesman Jack Boyne disputed the findings. He also notes that researchers are studying other factors that could affect the bees population. These include parasites, diseases and stress caused by transporting beehives to farms. Some European countries have banned the pesticides. And there are growing calls to ban them in the United States as well.67. The underlined word shrinking in Paragraph 1 most probably means _.A. increasing B. decreasingC. disappearingD.continuing68. Why were microchips tied to the backs of the bees?A. To record how much honey the bees produce.B. To test how the bees react to the microchips.C. To find if the insecticide affects the bees population.D. To keep track of the bees movements.69. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.A. the pesticides have been forbidden to use in all European countriesB. Bayer CropScience agrees that the pesticides affect the bees populationC. transporting beehives to farms can surely have an effect on beesD. the use of pesticides is likely to be banned in more countries70. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Relationship between pesticides and bees.B. Honeybee colony collapse disorder.C. New findings about the reduction of bees.D. Pesticides that kill bees must be banned.【解题导语】这是一篇科普说明文。最新研究表明杀虫剂的使用是导致蜜蜂数量减少的罪魁祸首。【长难句解读】 New research suggests that a commonly used group of insecticide (杀虫剂)could cause bees to have a hard time finding their way back to their hive.分析：这是一个主从复合句。that引导宾语从句；to have a hard finding their way back to their hive是不定式短语作宾语补足语。译文:新的研究表明，一组常用的杀虫剂有可能导致蜜蜂很难找到回蜂巢的路。67. B【命题意图】考查词义猜测。【解题思路】依据本句中转折连词But和下文的colony collapse disorder可知，蜜蜂对美国的农作物有重要作用，但是最近几年蜜蜂蜂群数量一直在下降。因此选B。68. C【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】依据第三段中的These chips recorded the bees movements as they came and went from their hive.可推知，这样做的主要目的是记录蜜蜂往返于蜂房的活动规律，进一步推断杀虫剂是否影响其活动规律。69. D【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】由最后一段的内容可知，欧洲一些国家已经禁止使用杀虫剂，美国禁用杀虫剂的呼声也越来越高，因此可推知可能会有更多的国家禁用杀虫剂。70. C【命题意图】考查主旨大意。【解题思路】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要说的是最新研究发现蜜蜂蜂群近年数量下降，故选C。社会生活类 On the last Sunday in July, 1997 my boyfriend and I decided to take my 4-year-old son to the beach for the day in Corpus Christi and to the aquarium (水族馆) there. We spent a pleasant day playing at the beach, watching my son run and play happy and free. We ended with a dinner, and then headed back home to San Antonio very late at night. When almost home we went off road and rolled ending up on the mask of the small pick up we were in. I almost lost my boyfriend who is my husband today for more than 11 years now. I was hurt too but we lost my son in the process. He died instantly the accident happened. After losing him I felt so lost that I wanted to do nothing. It was then that my brothers coming and some charming necklaces pushed me away from the sad state. He brought me many charms and all other things that my son accomplished while here on Earth. Today I have more than 35 charms on that necklace and I wear it on special occasions. I realized in such a short little life he had accomplished so much and as a result I was able to let the guilt go. I realized also he did all he wanted to do. The things I was mourning for were things I wanted for him. He was very happy. These charms also give me something physical that I can touch, which represents my little boys life. I cant touch him physically but I can hold and wear my necklace and touch him in this way. We miss my son still terribly and always will but we trust in God that he knows what is best for us all and we are thankful for the time we had with him. We look forward to seeing him one day again too but until then we seek God, follow God, and do our best to serve Him and make Him proud. 1. The author wrote the passage. A. to describe the day they spent on the beachB. to regret having taken her son thereC. to show deep thought of her sonD. to give praise her son was very smart2. According to the first paragraph, the following are right EXCEPT. A. the couple had a good day on the beach with their sonB. visiting the aquarium is an exciting thing for themC. they set out back for home late that dayD. her future husband got injured seriously3. The reason the author got rid of her grief is that. A. her brother bought her some wonderful decorationsB. what her son had made when he was aliveC. she thought of her son good days when he was on EarthD. she had found more interesting things to do4. Why does the author say “I was able to let the guilt go”? A. She shouldnt have been so sad when her son died. B. Her son had completed so many things. C. She felt ashamed for what she had done. D. Her son had lived in the world happily. 5. In what kind of moods did she wrote the article? A. In a feeling of being misery. B. In a feeling of missing her son. C. In a feeling of taking pride. D. In a feeling of feeling ashamed. 【参考答案】24.CABDB 社会生活类-25Life and work are filled with problems to be solved, or as we say these days, challenges to be overcome. There are a number of approaches to help us with problem-solving in business and in other walks of life. Using one or more of these techniques can help us do so efficiently. But some problem-solving techniques are complex and require a lot of learning before we can use them well. Here is one of the simplest approaches, a five-stage process that often leads to success. The first stage is to define the problem in detail. Part of the definition ought to be the reason the problem arose in the first place. Once we are satisfied that the problem is well defined we are ready to look for a solution. The second stage is the search for alternative courses of action that will solve the problem. Here we try to find multiple potential solutions to the problem. This step may involve doing some researches or asking others what they think. Look for analogies or how similar problems have been solved in the past. The important thing is to come up with alternative solutionsat least two or three. The third stage is to study each alternative solution and to identify the relative advantages and disadvantages of each course of action. One alternative might be quicker but cost more than the other solutions. Another might be less expensive but require a lot more time and energy. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative is critical to choosing the best solution. The fourth stage of this process is to select and carry out the best solution. Cr