大学英语六级考试短文写作复习.doc

大学英语六级考试短文写作复习一、六级写作评分标准（不需要背诵了解评分标准，知己知彼）大学英语六级考试作文的目的旨在考核学生英语书面表达的能力。作文考试时间为30分钟, 要求写出不少于150个词的短文。六级考试作文的出题方式有：命题作文，看图画或图表作文，根据所给文章（英文或中文）写出文章摘要或大意，给出关键词作文等。考试的作文内容为社会、文化或日常生活的一般常识，不涉及知识面过广、专业性太强的内容。对作文的要求是：切题，文理通顺，表达正确，意思连贯，无重大语言错误。下面介绍六级考试作文的评分原则和标准，并通过五份样卷作一个详细说明。(一) 作文评分原则1.CET是检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规定的六级教学要求，对作文的评判应以此要求为准则。2.CET作文题采用总体评分（Global Scoring）方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分（Reward Scores）,而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。3.从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是一个统一体，作文应表达题目所规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达。要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而确切地表达思想，也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。4.避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分，包括满分；该给低分的给低分，包括0分，一名阅卷人员在所阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间的几种分数。(二) 作文评分标准1. 本题满分为15分。2.阅卷标准共分五等: 2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷一至二份。3. 阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（即8分），若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，即可加一分（即9分）或减一分（即7分），但不得加或减半分。4. 评分标准：2分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。8分基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。11分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。注: 白卷, 作文与题目毫不相关, 或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想,则给0分。5. 字数不足应酌情扣分累计字数140-149130-139120-129110-119100-10990-9980-8979扣 分12345679注: 1.如题目中给出主题句, 起始句, 结束句, 均不得计入所写字数2.规定内容未写全者，按比例扣分。二、2011年英语六级作文模板句型（需要背诵）Chapter One 文章开头句型1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.1. When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that . But I think/view a bit differently.2. When it comes to . , some people bielive that . Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter .)3. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that . They claim/ believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether.1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 . 1. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) . has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.2. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.- To be continued !1-3 观点法 -开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.1. Never history has the change of . been as evident as . Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of . benn more visible/popular than.2. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that.3. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to.Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of .4. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.1-4 引用法 - 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!1. Knowledge is power. such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people .Education is not complete with gradulation. Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.2. How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this .In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this .1-5 比较法 - 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.1. For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing . , people . .2. People used to think that . (In the past, .) But people now share this new.Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型原因结果分析3-1-1. 基本原因 - 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.1. Why . ? For one thing. For another .2. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing. For another. Still another .3. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect . /both individual and social contribute to .3-1-2 另一原因 - 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!1. Another important factor is .2. . is also responsible for the change/problem.3. Certainly , the . is not the sole reason for .3-1-3 后果影响 - 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .1. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on.2. In involves some serious consequence for .比较对照句型3-2-1. 两者比较 - 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 !1. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B.2. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.3. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 - 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!1. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that.2. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B.Chapter Three 文章结尾形式2-1 结论性- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 .1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .2. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .2-2 后果性- 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.1. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of . , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .2. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that . will be put in danger.2-3 号召性 - 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.1. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of .2. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.2-4 建议性 - 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.1. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is . Another method is . Still another one is .2. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.2-5 方向性的结尾方式 - 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.1. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .2. There is no quick method to the issue of ., but . might be helpful/benefical.3. The great challenge today is . There is much difficulty , but .2-6 意义性的结尾方式 - 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!1. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit .2. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly .结尾万能公式1 结尾万能公式一：如此结论Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thusThus, it can be concluded that, Therefore, we can find that2 结尾万能公式二：如此建议Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.三、实例分析2003年1月真题Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 当今社会上存在着很多不诚实的现象。2. 诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。It Pays to Be Honest（同一个题目有五篇，不用背诵，但要看，了解范文是怎么写的。）In our modern social life, there are many examples around us show many people are cheated. Advertisements cheat people, salesmen cheat people, even ones closest friends cheat him or her. So many heartbreaks are heard everyday that we cannot help asking: where is our honest exist? Everybody is taught honest in the primary school or even in the kindergarten. Honesty does good not only to ourselves, but to others as well. If we are honest to others. We will be happier and be in a better mood. Otherwise, well feel guilt at last. To a company and its advertisement, honesty will bring it more consumer and more profit. If we cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone. To a company, no consumer will buy your product again. So, as the above is said, it pays to be honest. Lets create a morally outstanding social. Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; some students cheat in the exams. Dishonest people are short-sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, but consumers wont buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even be sent to prison. By contrast, honest people gain a lot. Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such persons are sure to have a lot of good friends. Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone is eager to make friends with them. Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job. Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone who is honest will be paid back later. In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. So it is important that we should be honest.With the development of modern economic and industry, competitive is becoming more and more obvious. At the same time, the performance of dishonest is becoming more and more clearly. Nowadays, there are many dishonest performance in our society. For example, some people found that he saled goods had past the preservation date. Not throw them away, they revised the perservation date, and saled them again after several days. Another case in the point, a pair of shoes was made from goat. However, in order to sale at a high price, the salers would say they were made from cow which has good quality. From the foregoing, we can see that dishonest dose not only harm to yourselves but also harm to others. And it is no use only realise the harmness of dishonest. We should be honest from now on and be honest in our daily life. It is only that people all over the world are honest them our country will be beautiful and wealthy. Now in our society, many people are not honest in doing soming. We often can meet with soming happened cause by people who are not honest. For example, Now we take the bus need carry cents own, and when you upstairs the bus, you should put the cent into the money box. Every people do that, but some of the people put the other things instead the cents. For another example, it is more normal that in the exams we can always find some students see others. I consider that every people should be honest. As a people, honest should be first, because it can make us to be increase and make our socity develop. In doing every thing we should be honest all, study, word, life and so on. If you are honest, every people will be friend to you, and who will regard you are good people. But if you dont be honest, people must unwilling to trath with you. So if you are want to be a good people, remember honest first. Nowadays, many people choose not to be honest in our modern society. We almost can find such things every day of our life: some students cheat in the exam for higher marks; some corporations tell wrong data to the public in order to get more investment; and some doctors treat their patients with unnecessary and expensive medicines in order to make money, sometimes damaged the patients health, even their life. Seeing this situation. I think it must be changed. Being honest will benefit not only others, but also ourselves. First, your honesty will make others willing to trust you. Second, being honest can lead you to face your problem bravely, which helps to solve it. And the last, honest surely helps to make the society more harmony. So. I think everyone should start to be honest and everyone should have the idea that our society can not do without honesty.四、近二十年真题2011年6月英语六级范文1.现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试2.其目的各不相同 3.在我看来Certificate CrazeThe pursuit for certificate is a time-honored phenomenon in the colleges and universities; however, faced with the tough job market, the certificate craze has swept people from all walks of life in recent years.People vary from one another in their purposes for acquiring certificates. Some of them hold that professional certificates are important supplement for their school work because the employer values professional competence, while the school courses lay particular stress on the imparting of knowledge. Besides, diplomas and vocational credentials can effectively enhance the competitiveness of university graduates. Professional certificates will improve the chances of employment, without a doubt. But there is no lack of people, who hold down quite a good job, taking professional certificates to enhance their self-worth.In my opinion, people should avoid blindness in their pursuit for professional certificates because the capabilities outweigh the certificates when the enterprises recruit staff. Therefore, choosing certificates in accordance with ones career development is wise move.2010年12月英语六级范文【写作真题】 与四级本次写作考试的不同，这次的六级考试作文题型为典型的“对立观点”型。这种文章一般写成三段或四段：引言段；主体对立观点两段；结尾段。开头段有很多方法。常见的有背景介绍；设问；主题总结等。主体部分一般分成两段，正反双方各自提出自己的理由。如果感觉深度不够还可以在某些观点后进行展开。如下面的文章在正方第一观点后就作了因果分析：高校评级可以促使高校努力从事教学科研为社会多做贡献。反方观点后甚至举了两个例证说明评级之害：学者为拉项目行贿；为发文章抄袭。最后简单提自己的观点结束全文。 My View on University Ranking1. 现在有很多高校评级2. 人们对此看法各异3. 你认为【参考范文】 My View on University Ranking Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that university ranking has gained increasing popularity - institutions home and abroad are always interested in it; newspapers and magazines are fond of carrying the news. Unfortunately, it has also given rise to some problems never thought of. Confronted with the dilemma, should we carry on the practice? When it comes to this question, peoples views vary from one to another. People who support ranking have their reasons. They are convinced that it can stimulate people, teachers and students alike, to work harder so that they can climb on the ladder or at least maintain their position. In this way, universities can produce more talents and knowledge demanded by our society. Also, supporters of university ranking maintain that it can act as a guide for employers when they decide where to find right employees. But others may not agree. These people would argue that university ranking might force universities to care more about their position in the ranking but not about research that they are expected to do. For instance, it is often reported that some professors spend more time in bribing than in labs in order to have an edge in the fierce competition. Another good case in point is that some scholars even sacrifice their integrity to plagiarize under the pressure of “publish or perish”.Who is right? Of course both sides have their reasons. As far as I am concerned, we might as well stop the practice for the good of universities and society. Universities are a place for free academic study. Only when scholars are free to in their pursuits, can they make contribution to society.2010年6月英语六级作文题Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为In recent years, the ignorance of Chinese has been prevailing among students. Some refuse to go toe Chinese classes, and some read few Chinese classics. In contrast, more and more students attach more importance to foreign language study.There are three premier factors that can account for such phenomenon. First and foremost, the globalization greatly stimulates the students craze for learning English, which in turn affect students passion for studying Chinese. Moreover, fewer and fewer universities motivate students to study Chinese. Last but not least, the increasing emphasis on such “practical projects” as foreign language closely related to hunting jobs also cut into students time and energy. Therefore, students weakness in Chinese would undoubtedly not only lead to their ignorance of Chinese culture but also hinder the study of other projects.In my view, effective measures are called for to solve the problem. First, it should be made clear to the whole society that Chinese is one indispensable part of our culture and race. Second, schools should attach more importance to the teaching of Chinese. Third, students should enhance their awareness of the importance of mastering their mother tongue.2009年12月英语六级作文题Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes?1. 现在有不少家长送孩子参加各种艺术班2. 对这种做法有人表示支持，也有人并不赞成3. 我认为Nowadays more and more parents send their kids to various art classes after school or at weekends. Some people are strongly against this phenomenon because they worry that attending art classes will deprive children of their joy and freedom in childhood. However, others am firmly in favor of this behavior because they believe art training is useful for a child development. I agree with the latter because attending art classes benefits children in many aspects. First, art classes can help to explore children art potentials. The earlier the children are exposed to arts, the more likely it is to find out the artistic potential hidden in them. Even if they fail to become great artists, their interests in arts, say, in music, cultivated in childhood will be of great value in their whole life. Second, art classes can enrich a childs life. Since born, children will have to face a severe competition and bear a lot of pressure. Most children are buried in piles of homework day after day, with no time to enjoy themselves, which makes their life dull and boring. Attending art classes will enable children to relax themselves and enjoy a colorful childhood. Since art classes are important in childrens development, parents can send their children to art classes according to their childrens interest.2009年6月英语六级作文题On the Importance of a Name1. 有人说名字或