2012届高考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解（十二）

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语二轮专题精品复习资料阅读理解 十二 届高考英语二轮专题精品复习资料阅读理解 十二 1 A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10 Researchers said it could explain why people with a higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates The study of 8 179 people was reported in the British Medical Journal Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106 compared with 101 for non vegetarians while female vegetarians averaged 104 compared with 99 for non vegetarians There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors Vegetarians were more likely to be female to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non vegetarians However these differences were not reflected in their annual income which was similar to that of non vegetarians Lead researcher Catharine Gale said The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said It is like the chicken and egg Do people become vegetarians because they have a very high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues 文章大意概括 研究表明 素食和高智商有一定的关系 1 What s the result of the research mentioned in the text A Intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life B Children with a higher IQ are less likely to have heart disease later in life C Intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life D Children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher IQ later in life 详解剖析 细节理解题 根据第一段中的 people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10 可知 A 项正确 根据 it could explain why 可知这一结果可帮助解释 B 项中的现象 但 B 项并非这次研 究的结果 故本题选 A 最佳选项 A 2 It was found in the research that 用心 爱心 专心 2 A most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the IQ tests were carried out B vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict vegetarians C female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non vegetarians D vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non vegetarians 详解剖析 细节理解题 根据第三段中的 There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken 可知答案 最佳选项 B 3 Catharine Gale talked about being vegetarians in a n way A doubtful B favorable C negative D objective 详解剖析 推理判断题 根据第六段可知 Catharine Gale 只是客观地讲述研究结果 并没有表示自己的立场 故选 D 项 最佳选项 D 4 What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean A Intelligence is linked to not just being a vegetarian but to many factors B The rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle C The link between a high IQ and being a vegetarian is still uncertain D The link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved 详解剖析 推理判断题 文章最后一句的意思是 人们成为素食者是因为他们智商高还 是因为他们足够聪明而更注意健康问题 由此可见 Dr Frankie Phillips 认为素食和高智商 的因果关系尚未明确 就像弄不清楚是因为有蛋才有鸡 还是因为有鸡才有蛋一样 故 C 项 正确 最佳选项 C 5 What s the best title for the text A Get more IQ points B Be a vegetarian please C Vegetarian diet cuts heart risk D A high IQ is linked to being a vegetarian 详解剖析 标题概括题 本文介绍了一项研究结果 素食与高智商有关 故 D 项正确 作者并未提出建议 所以 A B 两项错误 文章中虽然提到了心脏病 但不是文章的主旨 故 C 项错误 最佳选项 D 长难句解读 1 A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10 本句是含有定语从句的复合句 who were vegetarians by 30 是定语从句 修饰先行词 people 2 There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those 是 主句 who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken 是定语从 用心 爱心 专心 3 句 修饰先行词 those 2 The hole in the Earth s ozone layer 臭氧层 has until now protected Antarctica from the worst effects of global warming But scientists have warned that as the hole closes up in the next few decades temperatures on the continent could rise by around 3 on average with melting ice contributing to a global sea level increase of up to 1 4 metres In the past decades the western Antarctic has seen rapid ice loss as the world has warmed but the other parts of the continent have paradoxically been cooling resulting in a 10 increase in ice in the seas around the region This is because the hole in the ozone layer has increased cold winds in Antarctica making much of the continent surface colder than usual But now that the gasses that cause the ozone hole have been banned scientists expect the hole to repair itself within the next 50 to 60 years By then the cooling effect will have faded out and the Antarctic will face the full impact of global warming This means an increase in average air temperatures of around 3 and a reduction in sea ice by around a third The biggest threat to the continent comes from warming seas Robert Johnson a scientist who monitors Antarctica ice sheets said The ice sheets in Antarctica are hundreds of metres thick But once warm ocean waters start flowing underneath the ice will begin thinning and could break up very quickly Thinning ice sheets cause ice to break away from the continent and to melt even faster Escaping ice from western Antarctica has already resulted in a 10 rise in global sea level in recent decades Johnson believes that international action to reduce global warming is required immediately or it may be too late Everything is connected Antarctica may be a long way away but it is an important part of the Earth s system said Johnson It contains 90 of the world s ice 70 of the world s fresh water and that is enough if it melts completely to raise sea levels by 63 metres Even in a worse case situation scientists don t expect the ice to entirely disappear but predict that because of the melting ice sheets average sea level rise will be around 1 4 metres higher by the end of the century 1 The underlined word paradoxically in Paragraph 2 most probably means A rapidly B approximately C contradictorily D apparently 最佳选项 C 2 What is the effect of the hole in the ozone layer on Antarctica A It is causing the ice to melt faster B It is making much of the continen