2012届高考英语专题复习精选资料集（四十四）

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语专题复习精选资料集 四十四 届高考英语专题复习精选资料集 四十四 A 请认真阅读下列短文 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词 注意 每空格 1 个单词 For years the automobile industry has been testing vehicles that use hydrogen as fuel Now people across the United States have had a chance to see and even drive cars that get power from hydrogen fuel cells 燃料电池 But the hydrogen fuel cell is not a new idea The fuel cell was first invented by Sir William Grove of Britain in 1839 Since then many different designs have been invented There is one place where fuel cells are a proven technology in space The American space agency used fuel cells in its Apollo spaceships in the twentieth century The most useful fuel cell for transportation purposes is the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane or P E M fuel cell It is simple and can operate at temperatures of sixty to eighty degrees Celsius That is much lower than other fuel cell designs A P E M fuel cell has two sides divided by a thin membrane 膜 Hydrogen gas is forced through one side where it comes in contact with a reactive material containing the metal platinum 铂 The membrane separates the electrons 电子 from the protons 质子 in the hydrogen atoms The protons pass through it to the other side of the fuel cell But the electrons are captured to do work like powering a motor Oxygen from the air is forced into the other side of the fuel cell There the gas meets the protons that have passed through the membrane They combine to form water and heat A single fuel cell does not produce a lot of electricity But when many fuel cells are combined they can produce enough electricity to power a vehicle The product of the chemical reaction that powers fuel cells is water This makes fuel cells a very clean technology Hydrogen fuel cell cars have been slow to develop because of many technical problems that have to be solved For example it is unclear how long the membranes in P E M fuel cells will last Also fuel cells need water for their chemical reactions They must be designed to start easily at low temperatures and in dry climates And smaller less costly fuel cells must be designed before they can truly take the place of gasoline engines Now more models of fuel cell vehicles are being tested than ever before The threat of climate change and the high cost of oil have increased interest in these vehicles that do not cause pollution Title More Models of Hydrogen Cars Being Tested The progress of hydrogen fuel cell 1 by Sir William Grove in 1839 Designed 2 ever since Used in Apollo spaceships in the twentieth century 用心 爱心 专心 2 Operating principle of P E M It has two sides divided by a thin membrane Hydrogen gas from one side 3 the active metal platinum The electrons are 4 from the protons in the hydrogen atoms The protons pass through the fuel cell to the other side Oxygen from the air is 5 into the other side of the fuel cell The gas meets the protons and then water and heat are 6 Reasons for slow 7 of hydrogen fuel cell cars There are many technical problems 8 The durability of the membranes in P E M fuel cells is not clear They have to start easily at 9 temperatures and in dry climates They must be smaller and less costly before 10 gasoline engines 1 Invented 2 differently 3 meets 4 separated 5 forced 6 formed 7 development 8 unsolved 9 low 10 replacing B 请认真阅读下列短文 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词 注意 每个空格只填 l 个单词 请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上 People today are becoming increasingly aware that a proper diet is the foundation of good health If we don t have a regular diet of proper food we don t have the fuel to perform at our best However some people think not eating breakfast doesn t matter a lot though eating it is important Get the truth behind this common misconception and other meal frequency and timing meals Will eating breakfast every day help me lose weight Yes eating the morning meal can actually help you shed pounds People who have breakfast are less likely to eat diet busting 破坏的 junk food and are more likely to exercise later in the day as studies show People who skip breakfast on the other hand usually make up the calories and then some before day s end Researchers found that 78 percent of the men and women included in the National Weight Control Registry who have maintained an average weight loss of 66 pounds for more than 5 years eat breakfast every day Is grazing really healthier than eating three square meals a day No Eating many small meals throughout the day is probably not better for you than three main meals the traditional amounts of food for breakfast lunch and dinner The idea that grazing is healthier comes from a few old studies showing that eating frequent meals throughout the day may burn more fat and lower insulin 胰岛素 levels But later studies have found no benefit to grazing It s not healthier than eating three squares according to the American 用心 爱心 专心 3 Dietetic Association I ve always eaten most of my calories at dinner If I m healthy is there any reason for us not to keep doing this Hard to say Instinctively it sounds like a bad idea Yet one mealers tend to eat less food totally scientists say so your dining habit may actually help you stay tidy and attractive On the other hand one small brief study by USDA scientists found that eating just one daily meal may cause small increases in blood pressure blood sugar and cholesterol 胆固醇 If your annual blood tests show a rise in any key risk factors for heart disease or diabetes it is high time for you to reconsider your meal strategy Will bedtime snacks make you fat No But that s not permission for you to eat cookies before going to bed every night Consuming more calories than you burn through physical activity produces big loose stomachs and weak legs no matter what time you overeat A habit of snacking in front of the television every evening will lead to weight gain but no more so than having a six egg pancake for breakfast or conquering a bag of beans with sweet food at your desk every afternoon The final word Eat fewer calories than you need in a day and you will lose weight Eat breakfast because it will help you control calories better not because it s a magic meal Eat the number of meals that keeps you satisfied and energized No one plan is best for everyone Title Stop Obsessing Over Your Meals Common misconception Some people think it doesn t matter to live and work 1 breakfast Breakfas t People having breakfast can actually help weigh 3 People