读写任务议论文概括

1 读写任务议论文概括议论文概括 Learning aims Learn to write a summary of an article Important points Important sentence patterns Leaning guidance Learn some useful sentence patterns and articles 一 概括的评卷标准评卷标准 1 把握所给材料的整体结构 作者的思路与写作思路 基本观点与论据 找到 主题句和结论句 提炼关键词 然后用自己的话来表达 主题句往往在文章 的开头或结尾 2 避免过多例子和细节 3 避免使用直接引语 4 用概括性的语言 避免抄袭原文 能关键点重组 换句表达 二 写作方法 议论文通常包括论点 论据和结论论点 论据和结论 因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题主题 句句 支撑句和结论句支撑句和结论句 其中最主要的是找准主题句找准主题句 概要模版 论点论点 论据 论据 结论 结论 三 概括时常用的表达 a The article deals with discusses analyzes strongly emphasizes b This article not only describes but also suggests c This article compares and summarizes key findings d This article gives an account of provides an analysis of provides a method of e The article reports the last information on f The problem of sth is discussed g This article shows tells us that h The author finds it necessary to i The author holds the idea that giving it an example of sb who 观点 例证 j The author strongly emphasizes the benefits of doing sth such as 四 典型例题 阅读下列短文 然后以 30 个词概括这篇短文的主要内容 Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times Many years ago people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early we would be energetic the whole day So getting up early is of great importance to us all In fact morning is the best time of a day In the morning the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than at any other time of the day If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning we can build our bodies and become much healthier Also we will have 2 enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early However if we get up late we ll probably have to do everything in a great hurry Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it If we stick to getting up early every day we will certainly benefit a lot from it 写作内容 1 以约 30 个词概括短文的要点 解题过程 解题过程 第一步 根据文体 找出要点 第一步 根据文体 找出要点 略读短文 本文是典型的议论文议论文 第一段为论论 点点 第二段为论据论据 最后一段为结论结论 首尾呼应 论点 论据 结论 第二步 用自己的话表达出来 第二步 用自己的话表达出来 练习 1 摘引法摘引法 就是摘用短文中的重点词语或重点句 首起句 总结句 中心句 来 概括 Although big cities provide people with many conveniences they certainly have their own disadvantages Traffic is the first and often most serious problem The majority of people spend a great deal of time on their way to work or coming back from work During the rush time all the streets are jammed with packed buses and endless lines of bicycles and cars and almost unavoidable traffic accidents occur resulting in broken limbs and tragic deaths Air pollution comes second Factories and vehicles are constantly giving off smoke and harmful gases There is no way to get fresh air except to go out of the city on weekends or holidays If the weather is bad you will find the whole city overcast with smog As a result diseases induced by pollution are now a common occurrence 3 However noise and violence are to be found in every big city and the situation seems to get worse year by year In short life in big cities is rather unnatural and unhealthy To me it is silly of people to choose to live in big cities 通过阅读全文 不难看出短文中每一段的首句即为该段的中心意思 将每一段 段落大意放在一起便可以作为这篇段文的概括 练习 2 综合法综合法 就是围绕文章的中心进行概括 如 A typical Chinese family in the past was quite large with many children uncles and aunts living in the same courtyard Parents and their children lived with their grandparents Most Chinese families consisted of three generations who shared the same roof But now the Chinese family has changed a great deal The traditional large families are gradually disappearing and instead with the housing reform and due to the family planning one child family with only the parents and a child is quite common in today s society With the change of the family structure however a few disadvantages have arisen First with only one child in a family it s easy to find a spoiled little emperor everywhere Second who will take care of the old people in the future Though one child may bring about these serious problems I felt quite sure that we will find solutions to them 本文讲了三层意思 第一段 第二段 第三段 这样综合三层的意思 短文大意可以概括为 答案 4 典型例题 论点 Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit getting up early is of great importance to us all 论据 we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning we can build our bodies and become much healthier Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early 结论 If we stick to getting up early every day we will certainly benefit a lot from it The passage tries to tell us 论点 that getting up early in the morning 论据 will benefit us a lot including a better memory healthier body and better preparation for the day 练习 1 The passage holds the view that although big cities offer people many conveniences they also have their own shortcomings such as the problems of traffic air pollution noise and violence which makes it unwise to live in big cities 练习 2 A typical Chinese family in the past was quite large Now the Chin