高考英语 维“升”素28 财富人生

1 高考维高考维 升升 素素 2828 财富人生财富人生 时间 30 分钟 分值 56 分 维 A 阅读理解 每题 2 分 满分 8 分 2012 大纲全国卷 Last night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg a distance of about eighty miles It was late Several times I got stuck behind a slow moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left and I became increasingly impatient At one point along an open road I came to a crossing with a traffic light I was alone on the road by now but as I drove near the light it turned red and I made a stop I looked left right and behind me Nothing Not a car no suggestion of car lamps but there I sat waiting for the light to change the only human being for at least a mile in any direction I started wondering why I refused to run the light I was not afraid of being caught because there was clearly no policeman around and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it Much later that night the question of why I d stopped for that light came back to me I think I stopped because it s part of a contract 契约 we all have with each other It s not only the law but it s an agreement we have and we trust each other to honor it we don t go through red lights Trust is our first inclination 倾向 Doubting others does not seem to be natural to us The whole construction of our society depends on mutual 相互 trust not distrust We do what we say we ll do we show up when we say we ll show up and we pay when we say we ll pay We trust each other in these matters and we re angry or disappointed with the person or organization that breaks the trust we have in them I was so proud of myself for stopping for the red light that night 语篇解读 漆黑的夜晚 空旷的道路 作者独自等候在红灯前 只为自己内心的那 份信任 1 Why did the author get impatient while driving A He was lonely on the road 2 B He was slowed down by a truck C He got tired of driving too long D He came across too many traffic lights 答案 B 考查细节理解 根据第一段后半部分的内容可知 作者因前方有一辆缓慢 行驶的卡车而变得不耐烦 2 What was the author s immediate action when the traffic light turned red A Stopping still B Driving through it C Looking around for other cars D Checking out for traffic police 答案 A 考查细节理解 根据第二段中的 it turned red and I made a stop 可知 作者的瞬时反应是立刻停车 3 The event made the author strongly believe that A traffic rules may be unnecessary B doubting others is human nature C patience is important to drivers D a society needs mutual trust 答案 D 考查细节理解 根据倒数第二段第三句的内容可知 这件事让作者深信社 会需要相互信任 4 Why was the author proud of himself A He kept his promise B He held back his anger C He followed his inclination D He made a right decision 答案 D 考查推理判断 由第二 三段作者在无人的十字路口的左顾右盼及后来的 所思所想 再结合最后一段可知 作者在无人的十字路口遵守了交通规则 没有闯红灯 这个决定是正确的 因此 作者为此深感自豪 维 B 完形填空 每题 1 5 分 满分 30 分 选材网站 http 高考曾用材料 2012 大纲全国卷 3 选材相似度 设题相似度 难度系数 Like that of her own character Harry Potter J K Rowling s life is like a fairy tale Divorced living on public assistance in a tiny Edinburgh flat with her infant daughter Rowling 1 Harry Potter and the Sorcerer s Stone 2 a table in a cafe during her daughter s naps and it was Harry Potter 3 rescued her Rowling 4 that she always wanted to write and that the first 5 she actually wrote down when she was five or six was a story about a rabbit 6 Rabbit Many of her favorite 7 center around reading hearing The Wind in the Willows 8 aloud by her father when she had the measles enjoying the fantastic adventure stories of E Nesbit and her favorite story of all The Little White Horse At Exeter University Rowling took her degree in French and 9 one year studying in Paris After college she moved to London to 10 as a researcher and bilingual secretary The best thing about working in an office she has said was 11 up stories on the computer when no one was 12 During this time on a particularly long train ride from Manchester to London in the summer of 1990 the idea 13 her of a boy who is a wizard and doesn t know it He 14 a school for wizardry she could see him very plainly in her mind By the time the train 15 into Kings Cross station four hours later many of the characters and the early stages of the plot were fully 16 in her head The story took further shape as she continued working on it in 17 and cafes over her lunch hours After her marriage to a Portuguese TV journalist ended in divorce Rowling returned to Britain with her infant daughter and a suitcase full of Harry Potter notes and 18 She settled in Edinburgh to be near her sister and 19 to finish the book before looking for a teaching job Wheeling her daughter s carriage around the city to escape their 20 cold 4 apartment she would duck into coffee shops to write when the baby fell asleep In this way she finished the book and started sending it to publishers NotesNotes measle n 麻疹 bilingual adj 双语的 语篇解读 Harry Potter是受全世界书迷喜欢的系列小说 可很少有人知道此书 的作者 J K Rowling 的命运就像书中人物哈利 波特一样具有传奇色彩 1 A read B recited C wrote D copied 答案 C 作为一个作家 应该是 写 或 创作 小说 2 A on B in C around D at 答案 D 写作时应该是 坐在桌子前 用 at a table 3 A what B that C which D who 答案 B 本句采用了强调句型 强调的是主语Harry Potter 4 A remembers B thinks C reminds D supposes 答案 A 此处是 Rowling 对往事的回忆 所以应该选 remembers 5 A book B story C novel D fiction 答案 B 下文 was a story about a rabbit 6 Rabbit 暗示了答案 novel 指一般的小说 fiction 多指科幻方面的小说 6 A colored B published C called D replaced 答案 C 语境为 关于一只名叫 Rabbit 的兔子的故事 7 A songs B sports C things D memories 答案 D 此段主要讲述的是 Rowling 对往事的回忆 这里的意思为 她的许多美好 回忆集中在读书上 8 A spoken B said C told D read 答案 D read aloud 意思为 大声朗读 虽然 tell 可以表示 讲故事 但它不 与 aloud 搭配 9 A cost B spared C took D spent 答案 D spend time in doing sth 为固定结构 10 A regard B consider C work D treat 答案 C 虽然四个动词都与 as 搭配 但此处表示 当研究员和秘书 所以用 work 5 as 11 A searching B reading C listening D typing 答案 D 此处表示在上班期间搞业余创作 应该是在电脑上把构思的小说 打出来 12 A noticing B watching C observing D seeing 答案 B 语境为 当没有观察时 她就在电脑上打字 watch 表示 观看 观察 监视 符合语境 notice 表示 无意中注意到 observe 多表示 搞专门研究的人长期 地进行某一方面的观察 see 表示 有意或无意中看到 13 A came to B struck to C stuck to D hit on 答案 A 表示 某人产生一个主意 常用 an idea comes to sb an idea strikes sb 或 sb hits on upon an idea 14 A studies B attends C builds D goes 答案 B 与上学有关的短语为 study at in a school attend a school enter a school 和 go to school 15 A entered B pulled C reached D arrived 答案 B 火车进站 出站常用动词 pull into 和 pull out of 另外 这两个 短语还可表示轮船进出码头 16 A organized B taken C formed D appeared 答案 C 此处表示故事中的人物和前边的部分已经在她大脑中 形成 17 A theatres B pubs C cinemas D concerts 答案 B 由 over her lunch hours 可知 此处应选 pubs 酒吧 18 A chapters B books C magazines D newspapers 答案 A 从上文的 notes 一词和下文的 to finish the book 可知 此处表示 那本书的 章节 19 A set about B set off C set up D set out 答案 D 此处表示定居下来以后着手完成她的书 表示 着手干某事 常用 set out to do sth 和 set about doing sth 两个短语 由后边的不定式结构推断出选 D set off 表示 动身 出发 set up 意为 建立 20 A splendid B large C comfortable D tiny 答案 D 此处意为 离开她们狭小而又寒冷的公寓 6 维 C 阅读理解 每题 2 分 满分 8 分 选材网站 www news stanford edu news 高考曾用材料 2012 湖南卷 A 篇 选材相似度 设题相似度 难度系数 When I was 17 I read a quote that went something like If you live each day as if it were your last someday you ll most certainly be right It made an impression on me and since then for the past 33 years I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself If today were the last day of my life would I want to do what I am about to do today Remembering that I ll be dead soon is the most important tool I ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that was incurable and that I would live no longer than three to six months My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order which is doctors code for preparing yourself to die I lived with that diagnosis all day I was completely in despair Later that evening I had another biopsy and my wife told me that tumor turned out to be curable with surgery I had the surgery and I m fine now This was the closest I ve been to facing death To tell the truth no one wants to die And yet death is the destination we all share No one has ever escaped it It clears out the old to make room for the new Right now the new is you but someday not too long from now you will gradually become the old and be cleared away Your time is so limited that you shouldn t waste it repeating someone else s life Don t be trapped by dogma which is living with the results of other people s thinking Don t let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice And most important have the courage to follow your heart It 7 somehow already knows what you truly want to become Everything else is secondary NotesNotes biopsy n 活组织检查 tumor n 肿瘤 语篇解读 这是苹果公司 CEO 乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上演讲的节选部分 在 这部分内容中 他诚恳地表达了自己对死亡的看法 1 The doctor advised the author to go home and get his affairs in order because A he had to rest at home B his disease couldn t be cured C his disease was not serious at all D he had to wait for the result of the test 答案 B 细节理解题 由第三段的 incurable 以及 which is doctors code for preparing yourself to die 可知 医生认为作者的病无法治愈 2 How did the author feel after the diagnosis A Calm B Excited C Hopeless D Optimistic 答案 C 细节理解题 由第四段的 I was completely in despair 可知诊断结果 出来之后 作者感到很绝望 3 What does the author think of death A He thinks it is nothing to be scared of B He thinks it is impossible to avoid C He thinks it is not the end of life D He thinks it is the beginning of a new life 答案 B 细节理解题 由第五段可知 作者认为没有人愿意死 但是死亡是我们每 个人共同的终点 没有人能够逃脱它 故选 B 4 In the author s opinion we should A follow others advice B do what we want C keep a positive attitude towards life D take exercise and keep healthy 8 答案 B 推理判断题 最后一段中 作者提到 人们的时间很有限 不要将它们浪 费在重复其他人的生活上 不要让其他人喧嚣的观点掩盖你真正的内心的声音 要有勇气 去听从直觉和心灵的指示 由此可知 B 项 做我们想做的事情 为最佳选项 维 D 根据短文内容 从下框的 A F 选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项 选项 中有一项为多余项 每题 2 分 满分 10 分 A Do exercise B Have meaningful goals C Enjoy everyday moments D Put money low on the list E Thank others sincerely F Smile even when you don t feel like it Daily habits can affect our well being Here are five simple actions that research has shown make people feel good 1 Pause now and then to smell a rose or watch children at play Study participants who took time to savor ordinary events that they normally hurried through or to think back on pleasant moments from their day showed significant increases in happiness and reductions in depression says psychologist Sonja Lyubomirsky 2 People who put money high on their priority list are more at risk for depression anxiety and low self esteem according to researchers Tim Kasser and Richard Ryan Their findings hold true across nations and cultures The more we seek satisfactions in material goods the less we find them there Ryan says The satisfaction has a short half life it s very fleeting Money seekers also score lower on tests of vitality and self actualization 3 People who struggle for something significant whether it s learning a new craft or raising moral ch