2014届高考英语一轮复习 Unit2 English around the World阅读理解全方位训练4 新人教版必修1

1 20142014 届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一 UnitUnit 2 2 EnglishEnglish aroundaround thethe WorldWorld 阅读理解阅读理解 4 4 第第 组组 A A English Teaching in the U S A The United States of America is mainly an English speaking country The majority of the population speak English as their native language Business education social activities etc are conducted in English Across the country people pronounce many English words in several different ways but for the most part Americans speak one common language This language is sometimes called American English However not everyone in the U S A is a native speaker of English Most immigrants are speakers of other languages There are hundreds of communities around the U S A where English is not the most commonly used language Chinese Italian German Greek Spanish and French are all spoken in various communities in the U S Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language after English It is widely spoken in New York and across the southern part of the country For speakers of other languages learning English is important but teaching people to speak English as a second language was given little attention Non English speakers were expected to pick up the language by meeting with others in public Recently this has changed Today most large public schools and community colleges have ESL English as a Second Language programs American English teachers feel that English students should learn the language the way they will use it Therefore ESL programs offer different English lessons to different students Some programs teach students to communicate in English in public Other programs teach the kind of English people will need for their jobs American ESL instructional methods do not lay emphasis on grammar or translation but on the importance of communication The goal is to get the English learners to learn by using the language 1 People in the United States A are all native speakers of English B speak English in various ways C all speak American English D are immigrants from English speaking countries 2 In the past the non English immigrants A didn t know how to learn English B found that English was not important C learned English through books D paid special attention to teaching English 3 is the most widely used language except English in the U S 2 A ESLB FrenchC SpanishD Chinese 4 The phrase pick up in the second paragraph means A try to masterB repeat again and again C go to school sometimesD learn without studying or taking lessons 5 ESL programs teach the students A only grammatical rules and idioms B to use English through practice C different languages D to learn English by translating their own native languages into English 语篇解读 本文是说明文 全文说明了美国的英语教育 尤其是在移民背景下的 ESL 教 学培训 1 B 细节理解题 由第一段的 Across the country people pronounce many English words in several different ways but for the most part Americans speak one common language 可知 他们说英语的方式不同 2 A 推理判断题 由第二段的 Non English speakers were expected to pick up the language by meeting with others in public 可以推断出 他们还没有找到合适的 学习英语的方法 3 C 细节理解题 由 Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language after English 我们可以得出答案 4 D 词义猜测题 由后面的 by meeting with others in public 我们可以知道 pick up 在这里指 不经过课程学习 5 B 细节理解题 由最后一段的 American English teachers feel that English students should learn the language the way they will use it 可知 他们通过实践 学习英语 B B Today we complete our story about the influential English writer William Shakespeare He wrote plays and poems during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries which remain very popular today During earlier times people would probably have learned several ancient Roman and Greek plays It was not unusual for writers to produce more current versions of these works For example in Shakespeare s play The Comedy of Errors Shakespeare borrowed certain details from the ancient Roman writer Plautus For his play Macbeth Shakespeare most likely used a work on Scottish history by Raphael Holinshed for information Shakespeare might have borrowed from other writers but the intensity 强度 of his imagination and language made the plays his own While many plays by other writers of his time have been forgotten Shakespeare and his art live on Shakespeare was also influenced by the world around him He described the sights and sounds of London in his plays His works include observations about political struggles the fear of diseases and the popular language of the city s tradesmen Shakespeare s knowledge of the English countryside is also clear His works include descriptions of deep forests local flowers and the ancient popular traditions of rural people It would be impossible to list all of the ways in which Shakespeare s works 3 have influenced the world culture But the first and greatest example would be his great influence on the English language During his time the English language was changing Many new words from other languages were being added Shakespeare used his sharp mind and poetic inventiveness to create hundreds of new words and rework old ones For example he created the noun forms of critic mountaineer and eyeball Many common expressions in English come from his plays including pomp and circumstance 装腔作势 from Othello full circle 绕圈子 from King Lear etc The list of cultural creations influenced by Shakespeare is almost endless From paintings to television to music and dance Shakespeare was well represented Shakespeare s plays have been translated into every major language in the world Shakespeare became a well known writer during a golden age of theater His years of hard work paid off 6 What can we infer from the passage A Many of Shakespeare s works were influenced by earlier writings B Shakespeare was hard working when he was a student C The experience of living in London helped a lot with Shakespeare s works D Shakespeare became rich later because of the popularity of his works 7 Shakespeare might have learnt some information from ancient Roman works in A King LearB The Comedy of Errors C MacbethD Othello 8 Why could Shakespeare s works survive his time A Because there were so few people writing plays in his time B Because he produced too many works that nobody else could do C Because he was a rich and influential person of his time D Because his works were rich in imagination and language 9 Shakespeare s greatest influence should be on A the English languageB paintings C televisionD music and dance 10 The passage is mainly about A an introduction to Shakespeare s life and his works B the main features and styles of Shakespeare s plays C how culture influenced Shakespeare and he influenced culture D Shakespeare s greatest influence on the world culture 语篇解读 文章向我们介绍了一代文豪莎士比亚的作品为什么能够从古代众多的作家的 作品中脱颖而出 以其顽强的生命力留存于世 这主要是由于它能够继承古代优秀作品之 长 并具有自己的特色 6 A 细节理解题 由第二段的 Shakespeare borrowed certain details from the ancient Roman writer Plautus For his play Macbeth Shakespeare most likely used a work on Scottish history by Raphael Holinshed for information Shakespeare might have borrowed from other writers 可以看出 莎士比亚的作品受到了早期作 品的影响 7 B 细节理解题 由第二段的 in Shakespeare s play The Comedy of Errors Shakespeare borrowed certain details from the ancient Roman writer Plautus 可 4 知答案 8 D 细节理解题 由第二段最后两句 but the intensity of his imagination and language made the plays his own While many plays by other writers of his time have been forgotten Shakespeare and his art live on 可知 正是他的语言和想象 力的强度使得作品独具特色 具有了极强的生命力 留存到了现在 9 A 细节理解题 由倒数第二段的 But the first and greatest example would be his great influence on the English language 可以看出 莎士比亚对后世最大的影 响在于英语语言上 10 C 主旨大意题 纵观全文可以看出 文章向我们介绍了古代文化对莎士比亚作品的影 响 以及其作品对后世尤其是对英语语言的影响 C C This dictionary tells you about English words and how to use them in reading writing and speaking English It not only gives the meaning of words but also helps you with spelling word building grammar and pronunciation To use your dictionary correctly you need to understand how the dictionary works At the front of the book you will find some exercises to help you make the best use of your dictionary If you look up the word colour you will find two spellings for this word Colour is used in British English while color is used in American English When there are differences between British spelling and American spelling the dictionary shows them with the word BrE for British English and AmE for American English The dictionary also helps you pronounce words correctly We used a special alphabet 特殊字母表 to show pronunciation If you turn to the inside back face you will see all the phonetic letters 音标 with some words to show you how they are pronounced Just look at the inside back cover when you re not sure how to pronounce a word The most important reason for using a dictionary is to find out the meaning of a word its definition In this dictionary the definitions have been written using only 2 000 words This means that the definitions of even the most difficult words are simply explained and easy to understand When a word has more than one meaning read all the meanings until you find the one that correctly tells the use of the word you are looking for Most of the words in this dictionary can be used by people in all parts of the world 11 This dictionary cannot help you with A singingB grammarC spellingD pronunciation 12 of the words in the dictionary have two spellings A AllB OneC FewD Some 13 The phonetic alphabet helps you each word correctly A understandB write C readD know 14 The Chinese meaning of definition here is A 词性B 词条C 词义D 词库 5 15 The dictionary explains A some of the difficult wordsB all the words in a simple way C all the easy wordsD the words of two meanings 语篇解读 本篇短文是一本英文词典的 序言 介绍了这本词典的用途和使用方法 11 A 细节理解题 通过短文第一段的第一个句子可以发现词典不会教你唱歌 12 D 推理判断题 仔细推敲第二 三段文字 通过理解段意和推敲四个选项确定 all 和 one 都是 走极端 不对 few 意为 几乎没有 不符合文意 只有 D 项 Some 正确 13 C 细节理解题 通过文中 We use a special alphabet to show pronunciation 一句可判断 关键词是 pronunciation 发音 清楚这个词的意思 我们无疑会选择 C 项 14 C 词义猜测题 重点参考第四 五段 实际上 第四段中用破折号的形式对这个单词 作了解释 to find out the meaning of a word its definition meaning of a word 意为 词义 故选 C 15 B 根据倒数第三段的 This means that the definitions of even the most difficult words are simply explained and easy to understand 可看出 选 B 最恰 当 D D Some people say global English is no longer just controlled by British or American English but is running free and developing uniquely local forms Can you figure out the following terms I like your smile but unlike you put your shoes on my face This is a way of saying Keep off the grass Or people mountain people sea which means very crowded These examples are what we call Chinglish When it comes to Chinglish if all you know is good good study day day up you will be considered out man Nowadays more Chinglish words have been created for example a Chinese idiom is translated as smilence a combination by the English word smile and silence Chinglish usually offers a humorous look at misuses of the English language in Chinese street signs products and advertising They are favored by some English speaking tourists and visitors Dominic Swire has been living in Beijing for a couple of years I think many Chinese people complain about the Chinglish and badly translated English But you know sometimes for us foreigners it s actually quite charming to see them I think if the translations of English in China were all perfect then something would be lost from Chinese culture However Chinglish will probably become a cultural relic in the near future Beijing has made a comprehensive plan to improve foreign language services and correct Chinglish within five years It is very ridiculous to see Chinglish on the signs in some scenic spots And they are a kind of barrer for 6 communication between Chinese and people from other countries a Beijinger said Some Chinese university experts side with Chinglish They argue that English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth and now it s Chinese s turn 16 What can we call Chinglish A English words which get new Chinese meanings B The Chinese words which are difficult to translate C The words combining English vocabulary and Chinese grammar D The local words preventing foreigners t