主谓一致之意义一致原则

主谓一致主谓一致 逻辑意义一致原则逻辑意义一致原则 一 主谓一致的种类 1 语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式 谓语动词用单数形式 主语为复数形式 谓语动词也用复数 形式 如 The number of the students present is 200 Jane and Mary look alike 2 意义上一致 1 主语形式虽为单数 但意义为复数 谓语动词用复数 如 The crowd were shouting 单数形式代表复数内容的词有 people cattle 等 2 主语形式为复数 而意义上却是单数 谓语动词用单数 如 The news was so surprising 形复意单的单词有 news 和一些以 ics 结尾的学科名称 如 physics politics economics 等 3 就近原则 即谓语动词的单 复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语 如用连词 or either or neither not not only but also 等连接的并列主语 如果一个是单数 一个是复 数 谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致 如 Either your students or Mr Wang knows this 二 逻辑意义一致原则 逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致 因有时主语形式为单 数 但意义为复数 有时形式为复数 但意义为单数 1 what who which any more all 等代词可以是单数 也可是复数 主要靠意思来决定 如 Which be your bag Which be your bags All be going well All be gone to Beijing a I know that all getting on well with her A were B are C is D was b The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who from the countryside in our school A was B were C is D are 2 表示 时间 重量 长度 价值 等的名词的复数作主语时 谓语动词通常用 单数形式 这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体 如 Thirty minutes is enough for the work a Twenty miles a long way to cover A seem to be B is C are D were b Ten thousand dollars quite a large sum A are B is C were D have 3 若英语是书名 片名 格言 剧名 报名 国名等的复数形式 其谓语动词 通常用单数形式 如 The Arabian Nights is an interesting story book a The Arabian Nights well known to English lovers A is being B are C were D is b The United Nations in 1945 A was found B was founded C were founded D were found c Stories of the Long March popular with the young people now A isB was C areD were 4 表示数量的 one and a half 后 名词要用复数形式 但是其短语作主语时 谓 语动词用单数形式 例如 One and a half bananas is left on the table a One and a half apples on the table A are left B is left C have left D has left 5 算式中表示数目 字 的主语通常作单数看待 其谓语动词采用单数形式 如 Twelve plus eight is twenty Fifty six divided by eight is seven a Nine plus three twelve A are making B is making C make D makes 6 一些学科名词是以 ics 结尾 如 mathematics politics physics 以及 news works 等 都属于形式上是复数的名词 实际意义为单数名词 它们作 主语时 其谓语动词要用单数形式 如 The paper works was built in 1990 a Politics one of the subjects that I study A are B is C were D was b Mathematics the language of science A areB are going to be C isD is to be 7 trousers glasses clothes shoes 等词作主语时 谓语用复数 但如果 这些名词前有 a the pair of 等量词修饰时 谓语动词用单数 如 The pair of shoes under the bed is his a This pair of trouseis too long for him A is B be C are D were b My glasses broken A is B are C being D has being 8 定冠词 the 形容词或分词 表示某一类人时 动词用复数 a The poor in an undeveleped country A live B lived C lives D living b The blind in special schools A study B studies C studying D studied 练习 1 I think physics easy to study A isn t B aren t C was D had been 2 The old well looked after by the government in China A is B are C has been D was 3 Your trousers dirty you must have washed A is it B are it C are them D is them 4 The Kites us a story of the kite s history A have toldB tells C were toldD was told 5 Those who in compositions please hand them in this afternoon A hasn t handed his B haven t handed their C has handed their D have handed his 6 This pair of shoes made in Nanjing A is B are C have been D had been 7 Eight times eight sixty four A is B are C get D equal 8 The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world A is B are C was D were 9 His Selected Poems first published in 1965 A were B was C has been D are 10