【备考2014 志鸿优化设计】（湖南专用）2013版中考英语总复习 专题八 动词的分类（语法专项突破+系统梳理+提升演练）（含解析） 人教新目标版

1 语法专项突破语法专项突破 专题八专题八 动词的分类动词的分类 动词是表示动作或状态的词 动词在句子中充当谓语 用来说明主语是什么或做什么 考点一 行为动词 行为动词又叫实义动词 按照其后是否能跟宾语分为及物动词和不及物动词 1 1 及物动词 及物动词就是后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词 如 love need want ask have help teach make 等 I love my mother 我爱我的母亲 2 2 不及物动词 1 不及物动词本身意义完整 其后不必跟宾语 如 come go run travel listen swim live work 等 His dog died last night 昨晚他的狗死了 2 如果需要带宾语 则不及物动词需要跟适当的介词连用 Look at the blackboard 看黑板 考点二 系动词 系动词不能单独作谓语 必须与表语一起构成谓语 常用的系动词分类如下 分类例词例句 be 动词am is are was were I m a girl with short hair 我是一个留着短发的女孩 感官类 look sound smell taste feel His plan sounds good 他的计划听起来很好 变化类 become get grow go tu rn Trees turn green in spring 树在春天变绿 状态类keep stay remain 等 The shop stays open till 8 pm 商店一直营业到晚上 8 点 考点三 助动词 助动词本身没有词义 不能单独作谓语 只能和别的动词一起构成谓语 表示时态 语态 语气等特征 帮助构成否定 疑问 强调 省略等 主要的助动词有 be do have shall will 等 分类作用 be am is are 现在分词 现在进行时 was were 现在分词 过去进行时 be 过去分词 被动语态 do 形式有 do does did 用于构成疑问句和否定句 或用在动词前加 强语气 have have has 过去分词 现在完成时 had 过去分词 过去完成时 have has been 现在分词 现在完成进行时 will sh all will shall 动词原形 一般将来时 would should 动词原形 过去将来时 考点四 情态动词 原形与过去式用法含义例句 Can could 表示能力能 会 Tom can swim 2 be able to Tom is able to swim 汤姆会游泳 疑问句中 表示请求 可以 Can I help you 我能帮助你吗 Could you give us some advice 你可以给我们一些建议吗 否定句 疑问句中 表示可能性 can 可 能 can t 不可能 Can the news be true 这消息是真的吗 The boy can t be Jim He s much taller 那个男孩不可能是吉姆 他高得多 表示可能性 可与 maybe 互换 可能 Tony may know the way Maybe Tony knows the way 托尼可能知道路 表示客气地 请求 可以 May I come in 我可以进来吗 May might 表示祝愿祝 May you be happy 祝你快乐 表示义务 命令或要求 必须 We must tell the truth to our parents 我们必须告诉父母真相 must 表示肯定的 猜测 否定 猜测用 can t 一定 Lisa must be at home 推测现在的 状况 丽莎一定在家 You must be kidding 推测现在正 在发生 你一定是在开玩笑 They must have seen the movie 推测过去的状况 他们一定 看过这部电影 Shall 用于第一人 称 表示提 建议或请求 好 吗 Shall we ask the teacher for help 我们可以向老师求助吗 Shall should should 用于 各种人称 强调义务或 责任 应该 Students shouldn t have long hair 学生不应该留长发 用于第二人 称 疑问句 中表示征求 意见或提建 议 Will Would you please take out the trash 你可以把垃圾拿出去吗 Will would will 用于各 种人称 表 示意愿 愿意 Your parents will try their best to help you 你的父母将会尽力帮助你 1 2012 湖南湘潭中考 27 Must we finish our homework now No you A needn t B mustn t C can t 2 2012 湖南岳阳中考 24 Who is that It be Shirly Only she is in red today 3 A could B may C must 3 2012 湖南常德中考 25 In competition as in life you not always win A may B shall C must 4 2012 湖南邵阳中考 24 How much is your iPhone 4 I 4 500 yuan on it A cost B spent C paid 5 2012 湖南邵阳中考 27 Lily can you drive this new kind of car No I A can t B shouldn t C mustn t 6 2012 湖南永州中考 28 What are you doing I m my English book A looking B looking for C looking after 7 2012 湖南郴州中考 26 Jack didn t pass the exam and he is upset these days Yeah Let s A dress him up B cheer him up C pick him up 8 2012 湖南常德中考 22 Have you ever been to Zhangjiajie Yes I A do B have C was 9 2012 湖南衡阳中考 34 David is that man your headmaster It be him He s having a meeting A mustn t B can t C won t 10 2012 湖南郴州中考 25 It is said that this kind of tofu smells terrible That s true But it delicious A feels B sounds C tastes 11 2012 贵州遵义中考 36 After lunch she the dishes and went out quickly A took off B took away C took after 12 2012 福建宁德中考 30 Where does Mary usually books From the library A buy B read C borrow 13 2012 福建泉州中考 35 Is that girl in red Sally No it her She has gone to Hong Kong A may be B must be C can t be 14 2012 广西柳州中考 42 your coat please It s cold today A Put on B Look at C Get in 15 You shouldn t your hope Everything will be better A give up B fix up C cheer up 16 2012 贵州遵义中考 30 I can t stop playing computer games For your eyes my boy I m afraid you A can B may C have to 17 What do you think of the cake I like it very much It tastes A good B terrible C well 18 What is Mum cooking in the kitchen Fish I guess How nice it A looks B sounds C smells 19 Could you show me how to the new recorder A operate B listen C look 4 20 Sally your sunglasses The sun is so bright A put up B put on C put away 5 参考答案参考答案 专题八专题八 动词的分类动词的分类 专题提升演练专题提升演练 1 A must 引导的一般疑问句作否定回答用 needn t 故选 A 项 2 C 由答语 今天只有她穿红色的衣服 可知那个人一定是雪莉 故选 C 项 3 A may 表示推测时 用于否定句时表示 可能不 4 B spend on 在 花费 5 A can 引导的一般疑问句用 can 作答 6 B look 看 look for 寻找 look after 照看 由题意可知其正在找英语 课本 故选 B 项 7 B cheer sb up 使某人振作起来 dress sb up 打扮某人 pick sb up 顺 便捎着某人 由上一句 他这些日子非常沮丧 可知答案为 B 项 8 B 在现在完成时中助动词为 have 或 has 其引导的一般疑问句用 have 或 has 作 答 9 B 由 他正在开会 可知那个人不可能是校长 故选 B 项 10 C feel 感觉起来 sound 听起来 taste 尝起来 由题意可知答案为 C 项 11 B 句意 午饭后她拿起盘子 迅速出去了 take off 脱下 take away 带走 拿走 take after 长得像 由题意可知答案为 B 项 12 C borrow from 从 借 13 C 由答语 她去香港了 可知她不可能是萨莉 故选 C 项 14 A 句意 请穿上你的上衣 今天很冷 put on 穿上 故选 A 项 15 A 不应该放弃希望 give up 放弃 16 C 由题意可知为了眼睛这一