介词用法归纳

1 介词的用法与练习介词的用法与练习 I 介介词词的种的种类类 1 简单介词 常用的有 at in on about across before beside for to without to by with of over behind up after against 等 2 复合介词 如 on to along with because of in front of instead of 等 3 介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系 1 和动词的搭配 如 agree with ask for belong to keep away from care about 等 2 和形容词的搭配 如 afraid of angry with different from good at 3 和名词的搭配 如 answer to key to reason for a visit to 等 介词后常跟人称代词的宾格和动词的介词后常跟人称代词的宾格和动词的ing形式形式 II 某些介某些介词词的意的意义义与用法区与用法区别别 1 at on in 表时间表时间 at 表示时间的一点 in 表示一个时期 on 表示特殊日子 A at后常接几点几分 天明 中午 日出 日落 开始等 如 后常接几点几分 天明 中午 日出 日落 开始等 如 at five o clock at down at noon at midnight at that time moment at this time of day B in后常接年 月 日期 上午 下午 晚上 白天 季节 世纪等 如 后常接年 月 日期 上午 下午 晚上 白天 季节 世纪等 如 in 2006 in May 2004 in the morning in the afternoon in the evening in the 21st century in three days in a week in spring C on后跟某日 星期几 某日的朝夕 节日等后跟某日 星期几 某日的朝夕 节日等 即具体某一天极其早即具体某一天极其早 中 晚中 晚 on Sunday on a warm morning in April on a December night on Christmas afternoon on October 1 1949 on New Year s Day 特别提示特别提示 在在 last next this that some every 等词之前一律不用介词等词之前一律不用介词 2 between among 表位置表位置 在在 之间之间 A between 仅用于二者之间 如 I m sitting between Tom and Alice B among 用于三者或三者以上之间 如 He is the best among the students 3 beside besides except beside 意为 在 旁边 He sat beside me besides 意为 除 之外 包括在内 What do you want besides this except 意为 除 之外 不包括在内 They go to work in a week except Saturday 4 in the tree on the tree in the tree 指动物或人等外来的东西在树上 on the tree 指果实或叶子等树本身长出来的东西 5 on the way by the way in this way on the way 指在路上 on one s way to by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法 in that way in other way in these ways 6 across through 和和 past 通过通过 经过经过 across 从表面经过 如 road bridge river 2 through 从内部空间经过 如 city woods forests window gate past 从旁边经过 EX Fill in the blanks with past across or through 1 We have to walk the gate to go into the factory 2 When we went the cinema we saw a traffic accident 3 Look out the window please 4 Don t walk the ice It s dangerous 5 Suddenly a young man ran me 6 If you walk the square you will see the Sunflower Hotel 7 The river goes the city 8 The old man can swim the stream 9 I walked him without saying hello 10 The army moved the forests quietly 7 for since A since 仅说明什么时候开始 后常跟一个具体的过去的时间 B for 表示某动作或情况持续多久 后常跟一段时间 He has studied the piano for 5 years They have lived here since 1978 EX Fill in the blanks with for or since 1 The little boy has been waiting two hours outside 2 He has taught here he graduated from the college 3 The man has worked in the company twenty years ago 4 Have you lived in China many years 5 Her grandma has been ill a few months 8 in after 以后以后 A in 段时间 表示将来的一段时间以后 用在将来时态中 常回答 how soon 的提问 B after 段时间 表示过去的一段时间以后 相当于 一段时间 later My mother will come back in three or four days He arrived after fifty minutes He arrived fifty minutes later EX Fill in the blanks with in or after 1 They will leave for Guangzhou two hours 2 My father said that he would come back a week 3 three hous they arrived at a small village 4 Will you be able to finish the task half an hour 5 Mr Wang finally mastered how to work the machine ten days 9 by with in on 表示方式表示方式 手段手段 工具 工具 A by 以 方法 手段或泛指某种交通工具 或跟 V ing 形式 B with 表示用 工具 C in 表示用 方式 用 语言 语调 颜色 等 D on 表示通过媒介 on the telephone on the radio on TV Eg He learned Japanese by listening to the radio We Chinese have meals with chopsticks The novel is written in English 3 Ex Fill in the blanks with by with or in on 1 I sent the message to him email 2 The pupils write pencils 3 Do you know the meaning of word Chinese 4 The man climbed up to the tree a ladder 5 They solved the problem communicating 6 The woman was crying a low voice 7 The old man often gets news the radio 8 We often cut things a knife 9 He improved his writing skill keeping diaries 10 My grandpa can sing some songs Russian 10 放在地点之前的介词放在地点之前的介词 at in on A at 1 表示在小地方 2 表示 在 附近 旁边 eg at the door at the table B in 1 表示 在大地方 2 表示 在 范围之内 C on 表示毗邻 接壤 D to 表示在 范围外 不强调是否接壤 III 介介词词的其他一些用法的其他一些用法 1 against 靠着 反对 违背 对抗 He was against the laws 2 as 作为 English is used as a mother language 3 at 在 旁边 The boy is sitting at the door 4 but 除了 He has nothing but money 5 for 为 因为 至于 He failed the exam for his carelessness 6 like 象 如同 He looks like my best friend 7 till until 直到 在 以前 We didn t go home till five yesterday 8 with 有 带着 I d like some coffee with sugar 9 by 在 附近 They live by a river 10 短语介词 thanks to because of in spite of instead of pass on to with the help of 一 选择最佳答案 表示时间关系的介词 1 The plane arrived at London airport Wednesday A on B at C in D for 2 What do you usually do Christmas A on B at C in D for 3 Mrs Brown worded in the west of Australia last summer A B on C in D since 4 The first class begins 8 o clock the morning A at on B at in C on in D on on 5 the past two months he has been busy with his school work A For B On C Since D At 6 last Saturday we had had two football matches with Class Two A For B C By D During 7 We will be in Nanjing Tuesday Thursday A on through B on to C from to D on till 8 Mr Black will visit our new school building two days A before B after C at D in 9 the end of last spring Wang Hai joined the army the end A At at B By in C In at D At in 10 We will have a football match this Saturday afternoon A on B C in D for 4 11 He came to see you the evening of May 10th A in B at C on D for 12 I m afraid I gave you a lot of trouble my stay here A in B for C during D on 13 The singing group will have two performances October A after B since C D for 14 The supermarket is open midnight A at B on C till D 15 She didn t go to work that morning She slept noon A till B on till C at at D at 16 He was ill a week and the week he ate almost nothing A for at B for during C during during D for for 17 Days are longer summer than winter A in in B in on C from to D to in 18 Children get presents Christmas and their birthday Granny is coming for lunch Christmas day A at on on B on on on C at in at D in on in 19 New Year s eve people usually don t go to bed until midnight A At B On C For D In 20 Tom and Paul usually watch TV weekends A at B in C for D 21 Every day the old man takes these children home school A at B to C from D after 22 Could you come to my office the day after tomorrow A B on C in D at 23 We had built three bridges over the river the end of 1994 A at B on C for D by 24 Life will be better the 21st century A at B on C for D in 25 Do you often work late night A at B in C for D during 二 选择最佳答案 表示地点运动方向的介词 1 I had a new card and I didn t write A on it B it C in it D above it 2 There is a bridge the river A under B over C on D next 3 He said that he would meet us the cinema A in B at C on D in 4 There is a book store the street corner A at B in C on D by 5 From the top of the teaching building we saw the lake us A under B over C below D above 6 There are many beautiful birds the tree A on B at C in D besides 7 It was written page 20 A at B in C on D above 8 My house is the two buildings so we get little sunshine during the day A between B among C in D at 9 Lucy is waiting No 3 bus stop her father A for for B for at C at for D at at 10 Don t talk so loud table A by B on C at D beside 11 Is there anything interesting today s newspaper A in B on C at D 12 Cars and buses travel the road to the town A on B along C in D by 13 Can you tell me who spoke the meeting A at B along C in D for 14 My uncle lives 208 Smith Street A at B on C to D with 15 At last we reaches the village the hill A at the foot of B at foot C on foot of D in the foot from 5 16 Shanghai is the east of China and Japan is the east of China A to to B to in C in to D in in 17 the end of the street you can find the post office A By B At C On D In 18 Do you often listen the programmes the radio A to of B to in C to on D on to 19 Please wait the office Don t come in until you are called A in B into C inside D outside 20 Are you going to leave Guangzhou Beijing A for B to C from D in 21 The whale has a nose the top of its head A at B above C over D on 22 You must go the bridge and then you will see the bank the left A over on B to by C to on D over at 23 There is a hole the wall A in B at C for D towards 24 Can you tell me the way Shanghai Zoo A to B at C for D towards 25 Bill kicked the ball too hard and it went the street one of Mr Smith s windows A across on B through on C across through D to through 三 选择最佳答案 注意与一些动词搭配使用的介词 1 Thank you your coming A to B of C by D for 2 He spent a long time the maths problem A in B on C for D at 3 Mr Li is going to help him his Chinese this afternoon A with B on C by D at 4 How much did you pay this book A for B at C on D with 5 Please translate the sentence English A into B to C at D for 6 The price of the computer has been reduced 5 A off B to C by D about 7 Please fill the bottle tea A by B with C for D in 8 The machines cut big pieces of metal small pieces A in B by C to D into 9 Billy works hard at school and his teachers often praise him his hard work A with B at C on D for 10 You must apologize her for your rudeness A to B at C on D with 11 I got angry and I threw a stone him A to B towards C at D for 12 You can borrow the book your school library A from B to C for D at 13 I prefer coffee tea A over B to C for D than 14 Would you show me your factory A to B in C at D round 15 Don t catch me the arm I have nothing to do the matter A by with B on with C by on D on on 16 Help yourself some fish It tastes very nice A with B on C in D to 17 Bill must deliver the newspapers people s houses all kinds of weather A to in B at in C for for D to for 18 They haven t decided the date for the next meeting A for B by C in D on 19 Let me introduce her you A with B on C to D for 6 20 Li Ling fell his bicycle this morning A on B down C off D to 21 I shouted her but shi didn t hear me A to B at C on D for 22 Tom has made friends many Chinese students A with B to C by D among 23 After school I often learn singing and dancing hobbies A B on C in D for 24 LI Ming fell ill this morning so he asked leave A from B for C on D in 25 I saw the man hit the boy the face A in B on C toward D by 四 选择最佳答案 注意介词的习惯用法 1 Mr Li shall I write ink A by B of C in D with 2 Can you find out the answer these questions A of B for C to D with 3 his help I passed the English test yesterday A Under B Of C With D by 4 Don t forget to bring your text book you A in B after C with D to 5 The people are waiting the bus and they ate standing line A for on B for in C at on D at in 6 Can you sing this song English A with B in C by D for 7 Who is the boy blue trousers A in B on C with D at 8 He decided to get some medicine his cold A to B of C on D for 9 The baby s sleeping Don t speak such a loud voice A with