八年级下册英语重要知识点归纳

1 八年级下册英语重要知识点归纳八年级下册英语重要知识点归纳 M1 重要语法 重要语法 感官性系统词 feel 摸起来 look 看起来 smell 闻起来 taste 尝起来 sound 听起来 后接形容词作表语 不能接副词 构成疑问句 或否定句要借助助动词 The silk dress feels soft The flowers look very beautiful Does it smell nice The song doesn t sound be noisy 2 What a delicious smell 多么香啊 感叹句结构 What a an 形容词 单数可数名词 主语 谓语 What an interesting book it is What 形容词 不可数名词 复数名词 主语 谓语 What bad weather it is today What good students they are How 形容词 副词 主语 谓语 How fast he is running How delicious it smells How I miss the days we spent together 我多么怀念我们一起度过的日子 3 I m afraid 句子 恐怕 I m afraid he has no time today 4 be done 做好了 Is your homework done 你的作业做好了吗 Dinner is done 晚饭做好了 5 have a try 试一试 尝一尝 6 have a sweet tooth 喜好甜食 7 thanks for thank you for 名词 动词 ing 因 而感谢你 Thanks for your help Thanks for helping me Thank you for inviting me to your party 8 hear from get receive a letter from 收到 的来信 9 can t wait to do sth 迫不及待去做某事 I can t wait to see you 10 人 spend 时间 in doing sth It takes 人 时间 to do sth 某人花费 多少时间做某事 He spent two days in reading the novel It took him two days to read the novel 11 too 也 置于句末 前加逗号 also 也 置于居中 be 或情态动词之后 as well 也 置于句末 前不加逗号 12 be proud of 以 为豪 My parents are proud of me 13 How do you feel about 名词 动词 ing What do you think of 名词 动词 ing 你觉得 怎么样 How do you feel about the film What do you think of the film How do you feel about coming to China What do you think of coming to China 14 be afraid of 名词 动词 ing 害怕 I am afaid of dog going out at night 对名词或名词短语感叹用 what 对形容词 副词或动词感叹用 how 2 be afraid of doing sth be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 She is afraid of sleeping alone at night She is afraid to sleep alone at night 15 What does sb look like 某人长得怎么样 问外表 答 short tall young pretty What is sb like 某人性格怎么样 问性格或品质 答 quiet nice strict kind What does your English teacher look like He is tall with pair of glasses What is your English teacher like He is strict but friendly M2 重要语法 重要语法 现在完成时 一 描述过去已经 曾经或还没有做过某事的经历或体验 对 现在造成的影响 结构 have has 动词过去分词 否定 haven t hasn t 动词过去分词 含义 已经 曾经做过 还没有做过 标志词 already ever never yet just 等 I have seen the movie 我已经看过这部电影 我现在了解该电影了 He has already finished his homework 他已经完成了作业 他可以交作业了 We haven t had dinner yet 我们还没有吃晚饭 我们现在饿 Have you ever entered a speaking competition 你曾经参加过演讲比赛吗 变一般疑问句把 have has 提到句首 Yes I have No I haven t 2 enter a competition take part in a competition 参加竞赛 3 help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 He often helps me learn English 4 afford sth 买得起某物 I can t afford the new bike afford to do sth 付得起钱去做某事 have enough money to buy sth She can t afford to go to school 她没钱去上学 5 stop to do sth stop and then do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 I m tired Let s stop to have a rest 我累了 让我们停下来休息一下吧 It s time for class now Let s stop talking 上课时间到了 让我们不要讲话了 6 make up 编写 make up a story 编故事 make it them up 代词要放中间 7 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 8 fifteen year old 十五岁的 复合形容词中的名词不能加 s 作定语 fifteen years old 十五岁 短语 不能作定语 常作表语 He is fifteen years old He is a fifteen year old boy 9 at the moment now 此刻 常用于现在进行时中 10 have has been to 某地 曾经去过某地 人已经回来 常与次数连用 have has gone to 某地 到某地去了 人未回 不能与次数连用不能与次数连用 have has been in 某地 在某地呆 逗留 常与 for 时间段连用 I have been to Hong Kong twicetwice He isn t here now He has gone to the USA We have been in China for 20 years 11 be different from 与 不同 12 find it 形容词 to do sth 发现做某事是 的 it 是形式宾语 无义 替代 后面不定式 I find it easy to learn maths 我发现学数学很容易 3 Tony finds it hard to speak Chinese 托尼发现说汉语很难 13 so far 到目前为止 常用于现在完成时 So far I have learnt 3 000 English words 14 all over the world around the world 全世界 15 count down 倒数 M3 1 already 已经 常用于现在完成时肯定句句中或句末 I have already known him yet 尚 还 常用于现在完成时否定句或疑问句句末 Has it arrived yet just 刚刚 常用于现在完成时肯定句句中 They have just arrived 2 What are your up to What are you doing 你在忙什么 3 I m not sure how to make it I m not sure how I can make it 4 That s why 那就是 的原因了 5 in order to 动词原形 为了 He works so hard in order to get the best score so that 句子 in order that 句子 为了 He works so hard so that in order that he can get the best score 6 there is 现在完成时形式 there has been 已经有 存在 there are 现在完成时形式 there have been 已经有 存在 There have been many buildings in our village since 15 years ago 7 go around 围绕 转 8 none of 名词复数 宾格 动词 单 复形 没有一个 既指人也指物 no one 动词 单 nobody 仅指人 不与 of 连用 常用于 who 提出的 问题 None of the students know s the anwer 没有一个学生知道答案 How many people are there in the room None 一个也没有 强调数量 No one knows the answer Who s in the classroom No one 没有人 强调有没 有人 9 be called 被称为 10 a small part of 的一小部分 municate with 与 联系 12 finish doing sth 完成做某事 13 write back 回信 M4 重要语法 重要语法 1 现在完成时 二 描述一个动作或状态从过去持续到现在乃至将来有多长 时间 常与 for 时间段 since 时间点 so far recently 最近 in the last 10 years 最近十年 等表示持续的时间连用 也用于 how long 问句中 I have learnt English for 6 years He has lived here since he was born China has changed a lot in the last 30 years How long have you learnt English 特别注意 特别注意 在现在完成时 二 中 与 for 时间段 since 时间点 或 how long 问句中 动词必须为可延续性动词延续性动词 learn stay live 不能为短暂性短暂性 动词动词 buy borrow die 若为短暂性动词则要转换成延续性动词或短语 如 4 buy have borrow keep have leave be away die be dead come go reach be in join the party be in the party 错误 I have bought the bike for 3 days buy 为短暂性动词 不能与 for 时 间段连用 正确 I have had kept the bike for 3 days 将 buy 改为延续性 动词 have 2 问 How long 多久 答 For 时间段 since 时间点 How long have you been like this 你这样多久了 I have been ill for about three days 我生病大约三天了 3 catch a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧 take one s temperature 测量某人的体 温 do exercise 锻炼 fast food 快餐 not usually 不经常 three times a day 一天三次 4 be harmful to 对 有害 Playing computer games is harmful to your eyes 5 by doing 通过做 decide not to do sth 决心 不 做某事 in excellent bad condition 身体状况良好 差 ride to work go to work by bike 骑车上班 arrive at in get to reach 到达 with a smile on one s face 面带笑脸 go for a run 去跑步 feel awful 感到不适 all over 浑身 遍及 6 too to 太 而不能 The boy is too young to go to school 7 choose sb to do sth 选择某人去干某事 on the way 在路上 M5 1 It s time to 动词 do sth It s time for 名词 sth 该做某事的时候了 It s time to have class It s time for class play games games eat dinner dinner 2 fight fought foutht sb 打某人 fight with sb 与某人打架 fight for 为 而 战 3 fly through 飞越 climb up 爬上 4 I want to be someone like him 我想成为想他那样的人 5 keep doing something 不断做某事 keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 keep sb from doing sth stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 Keep trying and you ll succeed 成功 不断尝试 你就会成功 6 can t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 She couldn t help crying when she heard the news I can t help missing you when I see the photos The little boy can t help dancing with the rock music 7 over more than 超过 8 win the heart of sb 赢得某人的心 The boy won the heart of the beautiful girl 9 make a terrible mess 弄得一团糟 10 expect to do sth 期待做某事 I expect to see you soon 11 ever since 句子 一般过去时 常用于现在完成时 We have known each other ever since we were young 5 12 in the 1980s 在二十世纪八十年代 in 1980 在 1980 年 没有 the 和 s 13 find real life hard to understand find it hard to understand real hard 发现现实生活难以理解 find 宾格 形容词 to do find it 形容词 to do 宾格 发现做 是 的 14 as well as with and also 和 以及 也 像 一样好 He can speak English as well as French 他会说英语 也会说法语 Tony as well as his parents lives in China now 托尼和他的父母现在住在国 动词要根据就远原则 与 as well as 前的主语人称和数一致 I can speak English as well as him 我的英语说得想他一样好 e to life 复活 恢复生气 16 be popular with sb 收到某人的欢迎 17 几种时态区别 时态时态 概念概念 谓语动词形式谓语动词形式 时间标时间标 志词志词 一般现在时 经常发生或习惯性地动作 动词原形 三单 often usually sometimes every day week 一般过去式 过去发生的动作或状态 动词过去式 yesterday ago just now last week year 现在完成时 已经或曾经干过某事 对现在的影响 have has 过去分词 already yet just never 过去发生的动作持续到现在或将来有多久 for 时间段 since 时间点 so far rencently M6 1 take up 占据 空间 时间 The desk took up too much room Playing computer games has taken up most of his time 从事 He took up art at school 他在学校教美术 2 find somewhere to sit down 找地方坐下 3 a bit of 不可数名词 a little of a bit of food orange juice a bit of a mess 有点乱 a bit 形容词形容词 副词副词 a little a bit tired hungry 区别 not a bit 一点也不 not a little 很 非常 4 must 一定 表推测 It must be really valuable 他一定很值钱 5 as 形容词 副词 原级原级 as 像 一样 He is as tall as his brother 否定 not as as 不如 Tom is not as tall as his brother 6 in one s life 在 某人 一生中 6 7 make sb sth 动词原形动词原形 使某人 某物做某事 Don t make me laughaugh The boss made the worker work for a long time 类似 let sb sth 动词原形 让某人 某物做某事 8 grow as a person 长大成人 9 some others 一些 另外一些 10 develop one s interest 培养某人的兴趣 11 as well as besides 除了 之外 还包括 As well as Tom his parents came to the party 汤姆和他的父母都来参加了这个聚 会 12 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 13 come out 出版 外出 14 as a result 结果 as a result of 由于 because of He didn t work hard as a result he didn t pass the exam 15 be interested in 名词名词 动词动词 ing ing 对 感兴趣 I am very interested in maths Are you interested in dancingdancing 16 sb spend 时间 doing sth 某人花费多少时间做某事 It takes sb 时间 to do sth He usually spends lots of time playing computer games It usually takes him lots of time to play computer games M7 1 prepare for 为 做准备 get ready for 2 make a list of 列 的清单 3 get ready 把 准备好 4 It sounds crazy 这听起来很荒唐 5 I don t know what to take 简单句 I don t know what I should take 复合 句 6 at the end of 在 的尽头 结尾 7 Is Is 200 dollars enough 金钱 时间 距离做主语时 视作单数 50 years is is long time 100 metres is is a short distance 8 had better 动词原形 最好做某事 You hadhad betterbetter staystay home at night 否定 had better not 动词原形 最好不要做某事 You d better not go out now 9 by the way 顺便说一下 go crazy 变疯 in a group of 20 二十人一组 10 offer sb sth offer sth to sb 向某人提供某物 He offered the poor lots of food and water offer to do sth 自愿去做某事 They offered to help me 11 learn about 了解 at the same time 同时 be well trained 受过良好培训 depend on 依赖 取决于 14 provide sb sth 提供某人某物 provide sb with sth provide sth for sb 15 set tests 安排考试 form close friendships with 与 结成亲密的友谊 stay in touch with 和 保持联系 take trips to 到 去旅行 at least 至少 fill out 填写 7 M8 1 重要语法 宾语从句 在复合句中充当宾语的句子句子 本模块重点 由 that 引导的宾语从句 that 无义 可省 后接陈述句作宾语 宾语从句复合句 主句 引导词 宾语从句 I I cancan hardlyhardly believebelieve that we re in the city centre Tony guesses that the park is very popular Lingling suggests that they spend the day there Lingling doesn t think the park will be busy 主句和从句的时态关系 主句 一般现在时 从句 需根据实际情况用不同时态 She says that she works from Monday to Friday 从句为一般现在时 She says that she will leave a message on his desk 从句为一般将来时 My grandparents often tell me they lived a hard life in the past 从句为一般过 去时 Xiaoming says he has already finished his homework 从句为现在完成 时 主句 一般过去时 从句 一般过去时 过去时的某种时态 He said that there were no classes yesterday afternoon 从句用一般过去时 He said that he was going to take care of the baby 从句用过去将来时 Our teacher told us he had taught here for 20 years 从句用过去完成时 特殊情况 从句描述的是客观事实 真理 科学名言警句等不以时间改 变而改变的事实时 不管主句为何种时态 从句总是用一般现在时 He said that light travels much faster than sound 他说光比声音传播得快 The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun 客观事实 She said that her father is twenty eight years older than her 客观事实 My father told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it 客观真理 注意注意 当主句的谓语动词是 think 或 believe 宾语从句要表达否定时 要把从 句的否定转移到主句转移到主句上 I don t think he is going to help you with your English We don t believe that we have won the basketball match 2 hardly 几乎不 almost not He can hardly believe the result can he 前否后肯 3 so that 如此 以至于 The little boy is so young that he can t go to school The little boy is too young to go to school The little boy is not old enough to go to school so that 以便 为了 in order thar He got up early so that he could catch up the early bus 4 hear sb sth 动词原形 听见某人 某物 经常 过去 做 8 hear sb sth 动词 ing 听见某人 某物正在做 I often hear her play the piano in her room I heard her play the piano in her room last night I hear her playing the piano in her room now 5 be famous for 因 而著名 be famous as 职业 身份 作为 而出名 This park is famous for its lake Luxun is famous as a writer 6 allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don t allow smoking here allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 His parents allowed him to go out with me allow that 从句 He allowed that they were right 他承认他们是对的 7 It s better for sb to do sth 对某人来说 最好去做某事 It s better for you to stop smoking You had better stop smoking 8 point out 指出 point at to 指着 近物 远物 9 at the top of 在 的顶部 move about 四处走动 10 promise to do sth 答应做某事 He promised to help us promise not to do sth 保证不做某事 Tony promised not to talk in class promise that 从句 My parents promise that they will buy me a new shirt 11 have a wonderful time 玩得开心 magic land 仙境 square kilometer 平方公 里 by a small lake 在小湖边 wake sb up 唤醒某人 12 without doing 没有做 We came out without making any noise 13 It is a pity that 从句 真遗憾 It s a pity that you have missed the party 14 walk down the path 顺路而下 15 put leaves off plants 从植物扯下叶子 16 the second largest 第二大 the 序数词 最高级 第几最 17 fall asleep 入睡 M9 1 重要语法 if whether 引导的宾语从句复合句 if whether 意为 是否 用在将直接引语 说话人说得话 为一般疑问句的简单句转化为间接引语 转 述他人的话 的复合句中做引导词 转化后需将一般疑问句变为陈述句 即陈陈 述语序述语序 直接引语 Are you a teacher he asks 间接引语 He asks if whether I am a teacher 直接引语 Have you finished your home work the teacher asked him 间接引语 The teacher asked if whether I had finished my home work 间接引语也就是 if whether 引导的宾语从句 He wants to know if it will rain tomorrow I don t know whether he is at home or not 注 if 和 whether 一般情况下可以互换使用 但如下情况 不能用 if 只能用 whether 在动词不定式之前只能用 whether 基本结构 主句 if whether 宾语从句 用陈述语序 9 I don t know whether to accept or refuse 拒绝 在 whether or not 的固定搭配中 Let me know whether you can come or not 在介词后 只能用 whether I worry about whether I hurt her feelings 宾语从句放在句首表示强调时 只能用 whether Whether it is true or not I can t tell 用 if 会引起歧义时 只用 whether 如用 whether 可避免歧义 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 what where when which why how how many 直接引语为特殊疑问句的简单句转化为间接引语复合句时 用原来的特殊疑问 词作引导词 但后面需改为陈述句 即陈述语序 直引 What s your name Mr Li asks me 间引 Mr Li asks what my name is 直引 Why did he ask for help he asked 间引 He asked why he asked for help 间引即为特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 Where does he come from I don t know 合并句子 I don t know where he comes from 合并后 原来的特殊疑问句充当宾语从 句 故要改为陈述句 因为它不再是问句了 How can I get there Can you tell me 合并句子 Can you tell me how I can get there 解析同上 注 注 if whetherif whether 和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句复合句 主句和从句的时态与和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句复合句 主句和从句的时态与 thatthat 引导的宾语从句复合句一样 需注意主从句时态的变化 引导的宾语从句复合句一样 需注意主从句时态的变化 2 mention sth to sb 向某人提及某事 3 take a message for sb 为某人 捎口信 4 打电话用语 Who s calling Who s that speaking 你是哪位 Is that speaking 你是 吗 This is speaking 我是 Could May I speak to 我可以和 说话吗 5 have a problem with sb 和某人之间出了问题 6 get separated 分开 7 explain sth to sb 向某人解析某事 Please explain the meaning to me explain 疑问词 不定式 Could you explain how to do it well explain 宾语从句 Could you explain what happened then 8 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 He refused to help me 9 feel be sure of 对 有把握 10 regret to do sth 遗憾地 要 做某事 还未做 regret regretted regretted I regretted scloding him the other day 我后悔几天前责备过他 regret doing sth 后悔做过某事 已经做过了 I reget to tell you that you are dismissed 基本结构 主句 特殊疑问词 宾语从句 用陈述语序 10 我遗憾地告诉你 你被开除了 11 be patient with sb 对某人耐心 12 introduce A to B 把 A 介绍给 B 认识 13 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 My parents always encourage me to study hard 14 have a hard time 过的艰难 遇到麻烦 15 从句中某些特殊疑问词的另义 what