高中英语Unit 1Making a difference（一）人教版知识精讲

用心 爱心 专心 高二英语高二英语 Unit 1 Making a difference 一 一 人教版人教版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 Unit 1 Making a difference 一 1 本单元词汇的掌握 2 一些重要单词与短语的用法 3 本单元难点句的理解 二 知识总结与归纳 一 本单元词汇的掌握 本单元词汇众多 除了短语以外 有大部分词汇可以运用学过的构词知识和在语境中 通过上下文内容的判断来掌握 1 构词 词根 前缀以及后缀 inspiration inspire biologist biology biological boundary bound promising promise disable able misunderstand understand scientific science scientist observe observation unhappiness un happiness happy microscope micro scope tele scope geographer geography incurable in curable cure 2 合成词 undertake radioactivity wheelchair 3 通过读音和分解的方式记忆下面的单词 obvious curious agriculture exploration intelligent patient 4 通过上下文理解词义 1 Thomas Edison said Genius 天才 is one percent inspiration and ninety nine percent perspiration 2 The students are going to debate which branch of science is the most important and useful to society 3 The Senate will debate the subject of tax increases 4 After a long debate the committee all voted to close the factory which polluted the city seriously 5 Scan the text to answer the following questions 6 I scanned the newspaper while I waited for the train 7 she scanned the list of names to see whether hers was on it 8 Since then Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions about the nature of the universe 9 The travelers are seeking shelter from the rain 10 The scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events 11 Scientists predict that environment pollution will increase in the next ten years They warn that if we do not take measures to solve the problem we will ruin our planet 12 The police let the man go after they found out that his DNA did not match the DNA 用心 爱心 专心 they had got from the crime scene 二 一些重要单词与短语的用法 1 match 比赛 对手 和 相配 和 相一致 使 和 相称 The scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events I m no match for her when it comes to arithmetic He was good at tennis but he met his match when he played the champion His latest film doesn t match his previous ones He is doing his best to match his spending to his income 2 be get engaged to sb 与 订婚 In fact things were going rather well for me and I had got engaged to a very nice girl Jane Wilde But in order to get married I needed a job 注意另一个短语 be engaged in on 忙与做 be busy with doing Can you come on Monday No I m engaged Come on Monday evening if you are not otherwise engaged Sorry the line is engaged 3 turn out 结果是 证明是 原来是 Scientists on the other hand know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong It s turned out to be nice and sunny again To my surprise the stranger turned out to be an old friend of my father 注意辨别以 turn 为核心的其他短语 turn up turn down turn off turn on turn over turn to turn against 4 use up 用完 用尽 The couple used up all their money to seek their 5 year old son who was lost six months ago 另一个表达 用尽 的短语 give out Our supply of oil is giving out My strength gave out 注意辨别以 use 为核心的其他短语 make use of used to do be get used to sth doing sth 5 be satisfied with 对 感到满意 类似的短语还有 be pleased with be content with 6 what if 倘使 将会怎样 即使 又有什么要紧 By asking why how and what if curious minds find new ideas and solutions What if it rains when we can t get under shelter What if we move the picture over there Do you think it will look better 三 本单元中阅读材料难点句的理解 1 It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious 分析明显存在的事物需要非凡的头脑 2 There did not seem much point in working on my PHD I did not expect to survive that long 取得博士学位对我来说没有什么意义 我没有期望活得那么久 1 句型 There is no point in doing sth 做 没有意义 There is very little point in protesting It won t help much 用心 爱心 专心 2 that 在这里相当于 so 那么 3 Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of 他也没有让这种疾病阻止他过自己一直梦想的生活 1 这是一个有 Nor 开头的倒装句结构 正常语序是 He didn t let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of either 否定副词 neither nor not not until 等开头的句子常用倒装句语序 He is not familiar with the town Nor is he interested in the custom here 2 he had always dreamt of 作为定语从句修饰先行词 life 3 注意句中两个短语 stop somebody from doing something Dream of doing sth 4 People laughed at Zhang Heng when he first introduced his seismograph and it was only later that the world recognized his greatness 当初张衡发明出他的地动仪时 人们都在嘲笑他 只有后来全世界才意识到他的伟大 后半句是强调句型 强调 only later 5 Everyone has his or her special skills and interests and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference 每个人都有自己的专长和兴趣 只有发现自己的特长我们才能期望自己的目标实现 作到真正的与众不同 后半句又是一个由 only 开始的倒装句 Only then did I realize its importance Only in this way can you make progress in your English study 四 学习建议 进入高中二年级的英语学习后 希望大家不要把精力过多得投入到语法学习中 应运 用各种方法掌握好教材中的词汇 短语 同时注意多在阅读上下工夫 扩大阅读量 最重 要的是以每个单元的阅读材料为依据 精度课文 了解课文的写作结构 作者的思想 学会欣赏某些课文中的英语美感 对于语法知识 不要扣的太深 太怪 重要的是掌 握基本句型结构 达到理解含有相关语法结构的复杂句子 能够用所学的语法结构造句 做题时 首要的是准确理解题干的语境 典型例题典型例题 一 单项选择 1 I m worn out Shall I stop now There is not a moment to lose Go on please A to workB workingC workD to working 分析 分析 由下一句 There is not a moment to lose 可知 后面要说 继续工作 即 go on doing 或 go on with sth 而 go on to work 接着做另一件事 答案 答案 B 2 Who will responsibility for this work A undertakeB conduct C perform D complete 分析 分析 undertake responsibility for sth 承担对某事的责任 答案 答案 A 3 The House of Representatives the proposal for three days A quarreled B arguedC talked D debated 用心 爱心 专心 分析 分析 议会争论这项议案有三天了 Debate 是及物动词 前三项答案是不及物动词 答案 答案 D 4 We didn t plan our art exhibition like that but it very good A went onB tried outC turned outD carried on 分析 分析 turn out very good 结果却很好 答案 答案 C 5 The girl was wearing a dress with a hat and gloves to A agreeB fitC suitD match 分析 分析 女孩穿着一条裙子 带着一顶帽子和与之相配的手套 Match 与 相配 答案 答案 D 二 翻译句子 1 公司的总部在美国 但它在世界各地都有分支 2 这顶帽子和这件毛衣十分相称 3 Tom 和 Mary 订婚了 他们是在火车上认识的 4 时间过得真快 转眼我们就要结束暑假生活了 答案 答案 1 The company s head office is in the USA but it has many branches all over the world 2 The hat and the sweater are perfectly matched 3 Tom got engaged to Mary whom he had met on the train 4 Time went by so quickly We are already at the end of our summer holiday life 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 60 分钟 一 单项选择 1 The scientist that there would be a rainstorm the next week and it did happen A predicted B various C observedD debated 2 we move the picture over there Do you think it ll look better A What if B What about C As long asD Until 3 Her dream China has come true at last with the help of her grandfather A to visitB in visiting C visiting D of visiting 4 I ve visited a lot of places and stayed in lots of different hotels but none of them this one A makesB beatsC compares D matches 5 All the money he had had been so he had to make a living by begging A used upB taken upC stayed up D brought up 6 As time the theory proved correct A went by B went awayC got throughD made up 7 I m the guidebook looking for information about Guangxi where I ll travel A lookingB scanningC seekingD arguing 8 There is no point further It won t be help much A on explainingB to explainC of explainingD in explaining 9 Only when class began that he had left his book at home A will he realizeB he did realizeC did he realizeD should he realize 10 You would think that John would have been the courageous one and Janet the timid one but 用心 爱心 专心 it was just A another wayB the another way round C the other way aroundD other way round 二 完型填空 The little train came to a stop at our station and we got out very glad to be so near home at last The 1 part of the journey from London had been quite comfortable 2 when we had changed into the little train we were already tired and dirty and the 3 run with its frequent stops at unimportant villages had only made us 4 tired and dirty There was a carriage 5 for us at the station 6 by two black horses As soon as we and our bags 7 in the driver waved his whip and we set off through the snowy forest Even 8 the forest it was growing dark it was the 9 day of the year and the sky was 10 with clouds Among the trees it seemed as if it was in the middle of a moonless night the oil lamps on our carriage 11 just enough light for the driver to 12 his way and for us to be able to 13 that we were driving between thick walls of trees After 14 seemed like two hours to us but was actually only an hour at last we 15 my friends house First we saw a row of lights 16 came from the windows and then we were suddenly at the door 17 about half a dozen children 18 all ages shouting and asking questions 19 together As we were getting out of the carriage a fine old lady with white hair came out 20 I recognized without difficulty as my friend s mother 1 A firstB nextC oneD other 2 A becauseB howeverC soD but 3 A rapidlyB fastC thirstyD slow 4 A evenB lessC moreD much 5 A waitedB to waitC waitingD was waiting 6 A pulledB pullingC pushedD pushing 7 A steppedB arrivedC alreadyD were 8 A inB nearC outsideD out 9 A hottestB longestC happyD shortest 10 A coveredB hiddenC closedD full 11 A sentB gaveC didD made 12 A takeB lookC feelD see 13 A tellB sayC speakD talk 14 A itB whatC mightD having 15 A gotB reachedC visitedD observed 16 A brightlyB shiningC whichD straight 17 A withB andC seeingD meeting 18 A atB inC aboutD of 19 A everyB eachC allD put 20 A whomB suchC whichD so 三 阅读理解 A Everywhere there are plenty of pubs in which people play darts talk and drink usually while 用心 爱心 专心 standing up Every pub has its names its sign and its regulars its customers who turn up night after night A few old pubs have real character but many are dull and ugly It seems that the English think it rather indecent 不象样的 for people to drink alcoholic drinks in any place where they can be seen from outside So pubs usually not only have no tables outside but are so built that it is impossible for people outside to see in or for those who are inside to see out There are exceptions to this but not many Pubs are meeting places for working men after the evening meal With pint glasses filled with beer in Scotland the national drink is whisky they argue about football the races cars The traditional pub was a place for the men only But things have changed and more and more pubs are now places where men and women sit at tables and they often provide good lunches Most of them have a public bar where drinks are slightly cheaper and a saloon bar which middle class people usually prefer because it is more comfortable and less crowded 1 This passage mainly tells us about A drinking habits of the English B poor conditions in pubs C what pubs are like in the UK D why pubs are special for men 2 We can infer from the text that A many of the pubs are of no character B you can often see people drinking outside the pubs C you can easily see people inside the pubs from outside D people inside the pubs can see what s happening outside 3 The underlined word regular in the text refers to A rules in the pub B people who often go to the same pub C people who have real characters D dull and ugly pubs 4 People go to the pubs mainly because of their A whiskyB mealsC surroundings D atmosphere 5 Traditional pubs are often the places A for men and women B for men after evening meal to drink and argue about the sports C which have a public bar and salon bar and provide lunch and dinner D which are mainly popular with high class people B In the old days as one wife said The husband was the husband and the wife was the wife In the past husbands each had their own way of going on The wives jobs were to look after them The wives wouldn t stand for it nowadays Husband help with the children now They stay more as well as have more interest at home We shall give some examples of what husbands do firstly in sharing work with their wives and secondly in their largely independent domain 领域 of house repairs Some husbands as well as doing much of the heavy work in the home carrying the coals and emptying the rubbish act as assistants to their wives for at least part of the day Mr Hammond washes up the dishes every night and lays the breakfast for the morning Mr Clark said that on Sunday mornings he usually hovered 吸尘 around and read plays aloud for his wife while she did a bit of washing Mr Davis polishes the floors and helps to make the beds at 用心 爱心 专心 weekend and during weekdays takes the dog out for one of his twice daily walks So it goes on 6 The expression act as assistants to their wives means that A husband read plays aloud B husband are paid by their wives C husband help their wives D husband look after their sick children 7 the meaning of the wife s words at the beginning of the passage were that A in the past men stayed at home all day B in the past there was a clear division of role in the family C in the past most boys and girls were married at an early age D in the past wives and husbands lived separately 8 What does Mr Davis do at weekends A He cleans the floors and makes the beds B He reads plays aloud and does the weekly shopping C He cooks food for his wife D He takes the dog out for a walk 9 In the past the woman s main job was to A take the children to school B take care of their husband C do the washing up D dig the garden 10 The passage is mainly about A the division of husbands wives and children B how to get on well between husbands and wives C the relationship between husband wives and children D the relationship between husband and wives today 用心 爱心 专心 试题答案试题答案 一 单项选择 1 A 科学家预测下周将有暴雨 2 A 我们把这幅画挪到那边去怎么样 What if 做 会怎么样 3 D 她到中国来的梦想 Dream of doing 做某事的梦想 4 D 没有一家旅馆能和这一家相媲美 Match 与 相配 5 A 他身上所有的钱都已经花光了 Use up 用完 耗尽 Take up 占据 stay up 熬夜 bring up 教育 抚养 6 A 随着时间的流逝 Go by 走过 过去 get through 接通 克服 make up 组成 7 B 我正在浏览旅游手册 8 D 进一步解释是没有意义了 There is no point in doing sth 做 没有意义 9 C 直到上课了他才意识到书落在家里了 Only 时间状语在句首后面接倒装句语序 10 C 事实正相反 The other way around 相反 二 完型填空 1 A 分号把旅途前后两段进行对照 此处是旅途的第一部分 2 D but 表示转折 前一段旅行 comfortable 而后一段却 tired and dirty 形成鲜明的对比 3 D the 表明 run 是名词 表示小火车的行进旅程 下文 with its frequent spots at unimportant villages 表明此处火车行驶的很慢 4 C even 和 much 是修饰比较级的 根据上下文提到的旅途劳累 应填 more 5 C 有一辆马车正在站台等我们 Doing 短语做定语 6 A 后面的介词短语 by two black horses 表明用 pulled 过去分词短语做定语修饰 carriage 7 D 根据句意和结构 此处应填 be 动词 8 C 根据 it was growing dark 和 even 判断 此处是指 outside 9 D 本句进一步解释前一句 it wa