八年级英语Revision：介词的定义和特征沈阳牛津版知识精讲

初二英语初二英语 Revision 介词的定义和特征沈阳牛津版 介词的定义和特征沈阳牛津版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 Revision 介词的定义和特征 二 教学过程 介词是一种用来表示词与词 词与句之间的关系的词 在句中不能单独作句子成分 介词后面一般有名词 代词或相当于名词的其他词类 短语或从句作它的宾语 介词和它 的宾语构成介词词组 在句中作主语 状语 表语 补语或介词宾语 例如 Most of the students went to the classroom 大部分学生去了教室 We play basketball on the sports ground 我们在操场上打篮球 介词常与动词 形容词 名词一起构成固定搭配 belong to 属于 rely on 依靠 talk to 同 谈话 be afraid of 害怕 be strict with 对 严格 介词一般放在名词之前 但它后面的介词宾语是疑问代词 疑问副词或者关系代词时 这些词提到了前面而只剩下介词在后了 Where do you come from 你是哪儿人 Who are you talking to 你在跟谁谈话呢 What do you study for 你为了什么而学习 介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小 但它们的用法却非常灵活 复杂 下列为常用介词 及含义 about 关于 附近 大约 周围 随身 I have bought a book about Shakespearean 我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书 There are about fifteen trees in the picture 图片里大约有十五棵树 above 在 上 高出 以上 超过 在 上游 The plane is flying above the clouds 飞机在云上飞行 I think the man is above sixty years old 我想那人有六十多岁了 across 横过 对面 交叉 在 的对面 Can you swim across the river 你能游过河吗 We live across the street 我们住在街的对面 after 在 后面 依照 He went home after school 他放学后就回家了 Read after me please 请跟我朗读 against 撞到 靠着 反对 违背 The car hit against the tree 汽车撞了树 He is standing against the wall 他靠墙站着 along 沿着 顺着 They are walking along the river 他们沿着河行走 among 在 当中 He is the tallest among them 他是他们当中个子最高的 around 在 的周围 在 那一边 They sat around the table talking the news 他们围桌而坐谈论新闻 There is a drugstore around the corner 拐角处有一家药店 as 作为 He doesn t like people treat him as a child 他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待 at 在 时刻 在 点钟 在 岁时 向 在 之中 按 速度 值 卖 钱 He always gets up at six in the morning 他时常早上六点钟起床 He shot at the bird but missed it 他向鸟射击 但是没射中 The car goes at eighty miles an hour 汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶 before 在 的前面 位置 在 之前 时间 He took a picture before the car 他在汽车前照了张照片 He can t finish his work before supper 晚饭前他完不成工作 behind 在 的后面 位置 落后于 不如 迟于 晚于 时间 Are there any brooms behind the door 门后有扫帚吗 All of us are behind him in mathematics 我们数学都不如他 below 在 之下 低于 There are four lights below the ceiling 天花板下面有四盏灯 The murderer run away below the police s eyes 杀人犯从警察眼皮底下跑了 beside 在 的旁边 在 之外 与 相比 He found the body by the river 他在河边发现了尸体 Beside yours my computer is too slow 与你的计算机速度相比 我的就慢多了 besides 除 之外 We are all here besides Bowe 除鲍外 我们也都来了 between 在 两者之间 The relations between the two countries has improved since then 两国的关系从那以后得到了改善 beyond 在 那边 The shop you are looking for is beyond the street you can t miss it 你要找的商店在街的那边 你不会找不到的 but 除去 He has nothing but money 他除钱以外什么都没有 by 被 在 的近旁 在 之前 不迟于 以 为手段 The classroom was cleaned by the students 教室由学生们打扫干净了 Miss Lucy came to China by air 露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的 down 沿着 往下 She walked down the street 她沿着街道走 during 在 期间 在 时候 During the holiday we went to the south 我们假期去了南方 except 除 之外 He knows nothing except English 他除英语以外什么都不知道 for 为 因为 至于 He works for this company 他为这家公司工作 She came back to the classroom for she had left her books in the classroom 她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里 from 从 来自 因为 Where are you from 你是哪里人 He died from an accident 他死于一场事故 in 在 在 之内 从事于 按照 穿着 He was born in 1992 他生于 1992 年 I could finish the program in two weeks 我可以用两周时间完成这个项目 He spend less time in reading 他读书时间很少 The man in black jacket is our teacher 穿黑夹克的那个人是我们的老师 like 像 如同 The twins are like their father 双胞胎像他们的父亲 near 靠近 There are some flowers near the house 房子附近有一些花 of 的 属于 This is a map of China 这是一张中国地图 off 离开 在 之外 The young man got off the train quickly 那个年青人很快下了火车 I live in a village a little way off the main road 我住在离大路不远的一个村庄里 on 在 之上 My book is on the table 我的书在桌子上 out of 从 出来 在 之外 The dog run out of the house 狗从房子里跑出来 outside 外边 They are waiting outside the gate 他们在门外等着 over 在 之上 遍于 之上 越过 There is a light over the desk 桌子上方有盏灯 He is over sixty years old 他有六十多岁 past 越过 过 超越 The students walked past the post office 学生们走过了邮局 It is ten past two 现在是两点十分 round 围着 绕过 在 周围 We sat round the table 我们围着桌子坐下 The earth goes round the sun 地球绕着太阳转 since 自 以后 自 以来 He has made great progress in English since he came into the college 从他来到大学后 他的英语有了很大进步 through 经过 穿过 They went through the forest 他们穿过了森林 throughout 遍及 在各处 The police searched for the criminal throughout the mountain 警察搜山寻找犯人 till 直到 在 以前 He didn t come back till eleven o clock 他直到十一点钟才回来 We ll be home till six 六点以前我们都会在家 to 到 向 趋于 How long is it from here to the station 从这儿到车站有多远 under 在 之下 低于 There are some footballs under the bed 床底下有几个足球 These students are under seventeen years old 这些学生们不到十七岁 until 直到 在 以前 Please wait for us until we come back 请等着我们回来 It was not until last week that I handed in mathematics paper 直到上周 我才交了数学论 文 up 在 上面 在 上 He went up the stairs 他上了楼梯 upon 在 之上 迫近 It s not polite to look down upon him 蔑视他是不礼貌的 within 在 之内 You must finish the work within two weeks 你必须两周内完成这项工作 without 没有 不 在 之外 We can t do it better without your help 没有你的帮助 我们就做不好 We couldn t live without air and water 没有空气和水 我们就不可能生存 模拟试题模拟试题 一 1 Children get gifts Christmas and their birthdays A on on B at on C in in D in on 2 There is nothing tomorrow afternoon is there No We can have a game of table tennis A on B in C out D up 3 A lot of students in our school were born March 1981 A in B at C on D since 4 He suddenly returned a rainy night A on B at C in D during 5 My grandfather was born Oct 10 1935 A on B in C at D of 6 The train is starting five minutes A in B at C for D still 7 Mike does his exercises seven the evening A on to B at in C by of D at on 二 1 The population of the world has grown very fast four hundred years A for past the B in the pass C in the past D for past 2 We returned to our hometown A next week B in the last week C last week D for a week 3 Great changes have taken place A in the last few year B in the last few years C last year D on the last year 三 1 Children wake up very early the morning of Christmas Day A in B on C for D at 2 a cold winter morning I met her in the street A In B On C At D For 3 It happened to be very cold the morning of our sports meet A at B on C with D of 4 Why did you get up so early this morning A on B C at D in 四 1 He went to Shanghai September 3 1991 and came back a cold morning last year A in on B on in C on on D in in 2 Lucy was born the night of May 12 1984 A on B in C at D to 3 Mrs Brown came to China 1996 A on B of C to D in 4 the morning of November 20 1915 the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning Joe Hill A On to B In of C On forD At for 5 Ann moved Hangzhou September 1992 A in B to in C to on D in in 6 They started off an autumn afternoon A during B at C in D on 五 1 He often goes school six thirty the morning A for to in B to at in C to for at D for at to 2 He arrived Shanghai 9 30 March 5 A at in at B to on at C in on at D in at on 3 The English teacher told me to get there half past ten A in B at C on D of 4 The children get up 6 o clock A at B on C during D in 六 1 The doctor worked five hours a rest A for with B on without C about having D for without 2 I worked on the problem a long time and I worked it out myself last A for by at B in with on C on by in D for for at the 3 A new factory will be set up a year A for B in C after D on 4 Two years he began to write another story book A after B later C in D late 5 We will finish the picture a day A in B on C after D on 6 The workers had been strike almost a month A on in B at in C on for D on during 7 Mr Brown had lain the ground four hours before they finally found him A on for B at in C on after D in during 七 1 The teacher is coming back an hour A after B for C in D before 2 She lived in the mountain village the years 1940 1950 A between B during C in D since 3 Miss Wang will come to Beijing two days A after B in C on D before 4 The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won the end A by B at C in D on 八 1 Mary had finished her homework the time I got home A until B by C at D when 2 We stayed at the lab our teacher returned A till B by C during D while 3 They didn t leave the station they get on the train A until B by C after D at 九 1 Don t worry He will return A before long B long before C long long ago D long ago 2 There lived an old man fishing at sea A long before B before long C long time ago D soon 3 It was not they came back A long before B before long C long time before D long after 4 I was told that his uncle had gone to France A long before B shortly after C before long D long ago 十 1 Tom gets up at five in the morning A Sometime B Sometimes C Some time D Some times 2 I remember we met each other last year A sometime B some times C some time D sometimes 3 Mary and I have been to the Great Wall A sometime B some time C sometimes D some times 4 He studied English for in London and then he went to America A sometimes B sometime C some time D some times 十一 1 I don t like to sit Tom s right I would like to sit the back row A on in B in on C on at D at on 2 There is a brook red flowers and green grass both sides A of with B with on C of at D with in 3 There are many trees of the road And of the trees is growing larger and larger A on both side a number B on each sides a number C on both sides the number D on every side the number 十二 1 The plane is flying A in the sky B in the air C in space D in sky 2 There is a sweet smell A in the air B in the open airC in the sky D in the space 3 We held an interesting party A in the air B in the sky C in the open air D in space 4 Seen from the earth appears to be a big blue ball A the space B space C a space D this space 十三 1 Tom sits the classroom while John sits the room A in front of at back of B in the front of at the back of C in front of at the back of D in the front of at back of 2 Lucy sits the third row Jim s left A on on B in at C at in D in on 3 Jiangsu is the east of China but Japan is the east of China A to in B in to C on to D to on 十四 1 Can I look up a word your dictionary I haven t got me A into about B in with C at in D on on 2 I like mooncakes meat them A in on B with on C in the D with in 3 When you are trouble please ask help us A in from B in for C on from D on of 4 The shopkeeper said they had sold out the shoes your size A about B in C to D of 5 I saw him hurry at the moment A in a B in C on D on a 十五 1 He put up a map the back wall because there was a hole it A on on B at in C on in D on at 2 There is a door the wall A on B to C of D in 3 This kind of VCD is made China A in B from C at D on 4 Any man eyes his head can see that he s exactly like a rope A with on B with in C on with D in with 十六 1 There are some birds singing the trees A in B on C at D from 2 Don t read the s